Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.
- Selenium supplementation for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Rees K; Hartley L; Day C; Flowers N; Clarke A; Stranges S · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013
Meta-analysis19,715 participants12 studies pooledflagGeneral Health forscienceSelenium
- Effect of long-term selenium supplementation on mortality: Results from a multiple-dose, randomised controlled trial.
Rayman MP; Winther KH; Pastor-Barriuso R; Cold F; Thvilum M; Stranges S; Guallar E; Cold S · Free radical biology & medicine · 2019
Randomized trial491 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceSelenium
- Dietary Antioxidants, Circulating Antioxidant Concentrations, Total Antioxidant Capacity, and Risk of All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Observational Studies.
Jayedi A; Rashidy-Pour A; Parohan M; Zargar MS; Shab-Bidar S · Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2019
Meta-analysis507,251 participants41 studies pooledflagGeneral Health forscienceSelenium
- Associations of selenium status with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
Cui Z; Xie R; Lu X; Schomburg L; Brenner H; Schöttker B · Redox biology · 2025
Meta-analysis95 participants20 studies pooledflagGeneral Health forscienceSelenium
- Selenium intake and multiple health-related outcomes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses.
Wang P; Chen B; Huang Y; Li J; Cao D; Chen Z; Li J; Ran B; Yang J; Wang R; Wei Q; Dong Q; Liu L · Frontiers in nutrition · 2024
Systematic reviewflagGeneral Health forscienceSelenium
- Selenium and immune function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental human studies.
Filippini T; Fairweather-Tait S; Vinceti M · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2023
Meta-analysis9 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceSelenium
- Selenium supplementation has beneficial and detrimental effects on immunity to influenza vaccine in older adults.
Ivory K; Prieto E; Spinks C; Armah CN; Goldson AJ; Dainty JR; Nicoletti C · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2018
Randomized trial117 participantsflagImmunity forscienceSelenium
- Effects of selenium supplementation on selenoprotein gene expression and response to influenza vaccine challenge: a randomised controlled trial.
Goldson AJ; Fairweather-Tait SJ; Armah CN; Bao Y; Broadley MR; Dainty JR; Furniss C; Hart DJ; Teucher B; Hurst R · PloS one · 2011
Randomized trial119 participantsflagImmunity forscienceSelenium
- Humoral immune response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccination in relation to selenium status.
Demircan K; Chillon TS; Sun Q; Heller RA; Klingenberg GJ; Hirschbil-Bremer IM; Seemann P; Diegmann J; Bachmann M; Moghaddam A; Schomburg L · Redox biology · 2022
Cohort study126 participantsflagImmunity forscienceSelenium
- Effect of selenium on immune response against hepatitis B vaccine with accelerated method in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.
Janbakhsh A; Mansouri F; Vaziri S; Sayad B; Afsharian M; Rahimi M; Shahebrahimi K; Salari F · Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2013
Randomized trial62 participantsflagImmunity forscienceSelenium
- The role of selenium in inflammation and immunity: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities.
Huang Z; Rose AH; Hoffmann PR · Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2012
Narrative reviewflagImmunity forscienceSelenium
- Intakes of Folate, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin B12 in Relation to All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A National Population-Based Cohort.
Bo Y; Xu H; Zhang H; Zhang J; Wan Z; Zhao X; Yu Z · Nutrients · 2022
Cohort study55,569 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceFolate
- The responsiveness of plasma homocysteine to small increases in dietary folic acid: a primary care study.
Schorah CJ; Devitt H; Lucock M; Dowell AC · European journal of clinical nutrition · 1998
Randomized trial119 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceFolate
- Associations of Serum Folate and Homocysteine Concentrations with All-Cause, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer Mortality in Men and Women in Korea: the Cardiovascular Disease Association Study.
Song S; Song BM; Park HY · The Journal of nutrition · 2023
Cohort study21,260 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceFolate
- The concept of folic acid supplementation and its role in prevention of neural tube defect among pregnant women: PRISMA.
Seyoum Tola F · Medicine · 2024
Systematic reviewflagGeneral Health forscienceFolate
- Systematic review of adverse health outcomes associated with high serum or red blood cell folate concentrations.
Colapinto CK; O'Connor DL; Sampson M; Williams B; Tremblay MS · Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2017
Systematic review71,847 participants46 studies pooledflagGeneral Health forscienceFolate
- Effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate and zinc chloride mouthwashes in the treatment of oral mucositis and quality of life in patients with cancer under chemotherapy.
Mohammadi F; Oshvandi K; Kamallan SR; Khazaei S; Ranjbar H; Ahmadi-Motamayel F; Gillespie M; Jenabi E; Vafaei SY · Nursing open · 2022
Randomized trial144 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceZinc
- Zinc supplementation in young children with acute diarrhea in India.
Sazawal S; Black RE; Bhan MK; Bhandari N; Sinha A; Jalla S · The New England journal of medicine · 1995
Randomized trial937 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceZinc
- Associations of mortality with ocular disorders and an intervention of high-dose antioxidants and zinc in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS Report No. 13.
Clemons TE; Kurinij N; Sperduto RD; AREDS Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2004
Randomized trial4,753 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceZinc
- Effects of zinc and probiotic co-supplementation on inflammation, gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life, and mood in irritable bowel syndrome patients.
Rezazadegan M; Soheilipour M; Amani R · Scientific reports · 2026
Randomized trial84 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceZinc
- Effect of zinc sulfate supplementation on premenstrual syndrome and health-related quality of life: Clinical randomized controlled trial.
Siahbazi S; Behboudi-Gandevani S; Moghaddam-Banaem L; Montazeri A · The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2018
Randomized trial142 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceZinc
- Chemoprevention trial of human hepatitis with selenium supplementation in China.
Yu SY; Li WG; Zhu YJ; Yu WP; Hou C · Biological trace element research · 1990
Non-randomized trial20,847 participantsflagImmunity forscienceSelenium
- Selenium nanoparticles as adjunctive therapy in sepsis: A pilot randomized clinical trial.
Gu WJ; Huang W; Zhao FZ; Yuan XK; Jin K; Chen JL; Zhang CY; Huang Y; He L; Zhuang H; Yin HY; Chen T · Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy · 2026
Randomized trial70 participantsflagImmunity forscienceSelenium
- Selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis decreases thyroid peroxidase antibodies concentrations.
Gärtner R; Gasnier BC; Dietrich JW; Krebs B; Angstwurm MW · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2002
Randomized trial70 participantsflagImmunity forscienceSelenium
- Depressed immune response to tetanus in children with vitamin A deficiency.
Semba RD; Muhilal; Scott AL; Natadisastra G; Wirasasmita S; Mele L; Ridwan E; West KP; Sommer A · The Journal of nutrition · 1992
Randomized trial236 participantsflagImmunity forscienceVitamin A
- Impact of a single megadose of vitamin A at delivery on breastmilk of mothers and morbidity of their infants.
Roy SK; Islam A; Molla A; Akramuzzaman SM; Jahan F; Fuchs G · European journal of clinical nutrition · 1997
Randomized trial50 participantsflagImmunity forscienceVitamin A
- Vitamin A supplementation reduces measles morbidity in young African children: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.
Coutsoudis A; Broughton M; Coovadia HM · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1991
Randomized trial60 participantsflagImmunity forscienceVitamin A
- Vitamin A supplementation enhances specific IgG antibody levels and total lymphocyte numbers while improving morbidity in measles.
Coutsoudis A; Kiepiela P; Coovadia HM; Broughton M · The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 1992
Randomized trial60 participantsflagImmunity forscienceVitamin A
- Vitamin A supplementation reduces the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 intestinal immune response of Mexican children.
Long KZ; Santos JI; Estrada Garcia T; Haas M; Firestone M; Bhagwat J; Dupont HL; Hertzmark E; Rosado JL; Nanthakumar NN · The Journal of nutrition · 2006
Randomized trial127 participantsflagImmunity forscienceVitamin A
- Vitamin C and contribution to the normal function of the immune system: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
Guideline / consensusflagImmunity forscienceVitamin C
- Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.
Sun L; Zhao JH; Fan WY; Feng B; Liu WW; Chen RQ; Ban C; Dang AG; Wang M; Luo KT; Zhou GY; Yu FF; Ba Y · Nutrition reviews · 2024
Meta-analysis2,334 participants14 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceVitamin C
- Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Abioye AI; Bromage S; Fawzi W · BMJ global health · 2021
Meta-analysisflagImmunity forscienceVitamin C
- New evidence for antioxidant properties of vitamin C.
Vojdani A; Bazargan M; Vojdani E; Wright J · Cancer detection and prevention · 2001
Randomized trial20 participantsflagImmunity forscienceVitamin C
- Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults.
Calder PC; Kreider RB; McKay DL · Nutrients · 2025
Systematic review13 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceVitamin C
- Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: individual participant data meta-analysis.
Martineau AR; Jolliffe DA; Greenberg L; Aloia JF; Bergman P; Dubnov-Raz G; Esposito S; Ganmaa D; Ginde AA; Goodall EC; Grant CC; Janssens W; Jensen ME; Kerley CP; Laaksi I; Manaseki-Holland S; Mauger D; Murdoch DR; Neale R; Rees JR; Simpson S; Stelmach I; Trilok Kumar G; Urashima M; Camargo CA; Griffiths CJ; Hooper RL · Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2020
Meta-analysis11,321 participants25 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceVitamin D
- Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Zhu Z; Zhu X; Gu L; Zhan Y; Chen L; Li X · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
Meta-analysis4,859 participants10 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceVitamin D
- Vitamin D3 and deconvoluting a rash.
Ernst MK; Evans ST; Techner JM; Rothbaum RM; Christensen LF; Onay UV; Biyashev D; Demczuk MM; Nguyen CV; Honda KS; McCormick TS; Tsoi LC; Gudjonsson JE; Cooper KD; Lu KQ · JCI insight · 2023
Randomized trial28 participantsflagImmunity forscienceVitamin D
- Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on cellular immunity and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU.
Bychinin MV; Klypa TV; Mandel IA; Yusubalieva GM; Baklaushev VP; Kolyshkina NA; Troitsky AV · Scientific reports · 2022
Randomized trial110 participantsflagImmunity forscienceVitamin D
- Current opinion on the role of vitamin D supplementation in respiratory infections and asthma/COPD exacerbations: A need to establish publication guidelines for overcoming the unpublished data.
Anitua E; Tierno R; Alkhraisat MH · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2022
Meta-analysis50,554 participants65 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceVitamin D
- Vitamin E supplementation enhances cell-mediated immunity in healthy elderly subjects.
Meydani SN; Barklund MP; Liu S; Meydani M; Miller RA; Cannon JG; Morrow FD; Rocklin R; Blumberg JB · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1990
Randomized trial32 participantsflagImmunity forscienceVitamin E
- Immunomodulatory effects of palm-derived tocotrienol-rich fraction in healthy volunteers following influenza vaccination: A randomised clinical trial.
Chen S; Ahmad B; Palanisamy UD; Hafid SRA; Selvaduray KR; Radhakrishnan AK · Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) · 2026
Randomized trial150 participantsflagImmunity forscienceVitamin E
- Effects of supplementation with tocotrienol-rich fraction on immune response to tetanus toxoid immunization in normal healthy volunteers.
Mahalingam D; Radhakrishnan AK; Amom Z; Ibrahim N; Nesaretnam K · European journal of clinical nutrition · 2011
Randomized trialflagImmunity forscienceVitamin E
- Vitamin E and beta-carotene supplementation and hospital-treated pneumonia incidence in male smokers.
Hemilä H; Virtamo J; Albanes D; Kaprio J · Chest · 2004
Randomized trial29,133 participantsflagImmunity forscienceVitamin E
- Vitamin E supplementation and in vivo immune response in healthy elderly subjects. A randomized controlled trial.
Meydani SN; Meydani M; Blumberg JB; Leka LS; Siber G; Loszewski R; Thompson C; Pedrosa MC; Diamond RD; Stollar BD · JAMA · 1997
Randomized trial88 participantsflagImmunity forscienceVitamin E
- Nutrient supplementation for prevention of viral respiratory tract infections in healthy subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Vlieg-Boerstra B; de Jong N; Meyer R; Agostoni C; De Cosmi V; Grimshaw K; Milani GP; Muraro A; Oude Elberink H; Pali-Schöll I; Roduit C; Sasaki M; Skypala I; Sokolowska M; van Splunter M; Untersmayr E; Venter C; O'Mahony L; Nwaru BI · Allergy · 2022
Meta-analysis199,055 participants115 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceZinc
- Zinc supplementation reduces the incidence of acute lower respiratory infections in infants and preschool children: a double-blind, controlled trial.
Sazawal S; Black RE; Jalla S; Mazumdar S; Sinha A; Bhan MK · Pediatrics · 1998
Randomized trial609 participantsflagImmunity forscienceZinc
- A randomized controlled trial of zinc supplementation in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infection in Thai children.
Rerksuppaphol S; Rerksuppaphol L · Pediatric reports · 2020
Randomized trial64 participantsflagImmunity forscienceZinc
- The effect of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on immune response in an older population.
Fortes C; Forastiere F; Agabiti N; Fano V; Pacifici R; Virgili F; Piras G; Guidi L; Bartoloni C; Tricerri A; Zuccaro P; Ebrahim S; Perucci CA · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 1998
Randomized trial136 participantsflagImmunity forscienceZinc
- The role of specific nutrients in preventing immune system and blood cell disorders: an umbrella review.
Vecchietti A; Strano P; Minutolo G; Grieco V; Cappuccio G; Granvillano G; Confalonieri L; Briganti GL; Raso E; Chimienti M; Pellegrini M; Mercogliano M; Spatari G; Lugli C; Urbano T; Lorenzon A · Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2026
Systematic review13 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceZinc