Product Image

Skin Eternal

Source Naturals
4.6
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(347 ratings)
Vitamin E 100 IU
Deanol 50 mg
Vitamin C 216 mg
Product Image
Score73
A broad antioxidant mix has useful ingredients, but confusing vitamin C entries and limited extract detail weaken transparency and skin-specific focus.
How scoring works
Quantity:120 Tablet(s) • (60 servings)
Goals:
Skin Health
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Cardiovascular Support
General Health

Score 73

A broad antioxidant mix has useful ingredients, but confusing vitamin C entries and limited extract detail weaken transparency and skin-specific focus.
How scoring works
$18.54($0.30 per serving)
Vitacost
$ 20.11
Pure Formulas
$ 18.54
iHerb
$ 20.11
Report prices

Analysis

Vitamin C, natural vitamin E, alpha-lipoic acid, and grape seed extract provide several complementary antioxidant ingredients. The combination may appeal to buyers seeking broader skin-focused nutrient support rather than vitamin C alone.

Repeated entries for vitamin C and ascorbyl palmitate make the total contribution hard to interpret from the supplied data. Grape seed extract lacks stated proanthocyanidin standardization, so its active content cannot be compared confidently.

DMAE adds novelty but is not as directly aligned with a practical oral skin formula as the antioxidant ingredients. Two tablets per serving are manageable, though a simpler and more clearly characterized blend would be easier to assess.

Who is it for
  • Adults seeking a multi-ingredient antioxidant formula
  • People interested in vitamin C, vitamin E, and alpha-lipoic acid together
Best for
  • Broad antioxidant nutrient coverage
  • Skin-focused supplementation with several ingredient types

Pros

  • Includes vitamin C and natural vitamin E
  • Provides 100 mg of alpha-lipoic acid
  • Includes grape seed extract
  • Combines water- and fat-soluble antioxidants

Cons

  • Repeated vitamin C entries are confusing
  • Grape seed extract is not standardized
  • Oral DMAE adds uncertain value
  • Requires two tablets per serving

Warnings

  • Alpha-lipoic acid may lower blood glucose; people using insulin or glucose-lowering medicines should monitor with their clinician.
  • DMAE may cause headache, insomnia, or muscle tension in sensitive users.

Nutrient quality

79 High impact

Several useful antioxidant forms and meaningful amounts support the skin-focused design. Confusing vitamin C entries and uncertain value from DMAE reduce confidence in the formula.

Ingredient transparency

73 High impact

Individual amounts are shown and no proprietary blend hides the actives. Repeated vitamin C ester labels, excipients, and full usage directions remain unclear.

Customer satisfaction

65 Moderate impact

The average rating is strong, with a moderate evidence base behind it. No specific feedback is supplied to judge repeated complaints or alignment with the intended use.

Value for money

72 High impact

Several meaningful antioxidants provide reasonable substance for the serving cost. Unclear vitamin C accounting and the less established DMAE addition reduce category value.

Report analysis

Goals

Skin Health
Skin Health
Impact
Highest effect
B+ Goal FitA- Strength of SupportB CoverageB+ Formula Quality
Vitamin C · 510 mgVitamin E · 100 IU

Vitamin C forms, vitamin E, alpha-lipoic acid, and grape-seed extract provide broad antioxidant and collagen-cofactor support. The formula addresses oxidative defense more deeply than hydration or structural protein pathways.

Ascorbyl palmitate adds a fat-soluble vitamin C form, and natural vitamin E is clearly identified. Repeated vitamin C entries create dose ambiguity, while DMAE has limited oral skin evidence.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Vitamin E Supportive 38 studies
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Impact
Highest effect
B Goal FitB Strength of SupportB+ CoverageA- Formula Quality
Vitamin E · 100 IUVitamin C · 510 mg

Vitamin E, vitamin C esters, alpha-lipoic acid, and grape seed extract create a broad antioxidant network. These ingredients may support inflammatory balance by protecting lipids and regenerating antioxidant defenses.

The amounts are generally meaningful, though the vitamin C labeling is difficult to interpret and grape seed standardization is absent. Vitamin E may increase bleeding tendency when combined with anticoagulant or antiplatelet medicines.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Supportive 50 studies
Vitamin E Supportive 20 studies
Cardiovascular Support
Cardiovascular Support
Impact
High effect
C+ Goal FitB Strength of SupportC+ CoverageB+ Formula Quality
Vitamin E · 100 IUVitamin C · 510 mg

Vitamin E, vitamin C, alpha-lipoic acid, and grape-seed proanthocyanidins provide layered antioxidant support for lipids and the endothelium. The main antioxidant amounts are clearly stated.

The formula may help protect LDL from oxidation but does not directly address triglycerides, blood pressure, or cardiac rhythm. DMAE adds little cardiovascular value and makes the otherwise coherent antioxidant blend less focused.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Supportive 101 studies
Vitamin E Mixed 79 studies
General Health
General Health
Impact
High effect
C+ Goal FitC+ Strength of SupportC+ CoverageC+ Formula Quality
Vitamin C · 510 mg

The antioxidant nutrients may support cellular protection, but the skin-centered design is less aligned with broad general health. The formula covers several antioxidant pathways but remains centered on skin-related support.

Vitamin C receives a meaningful amount, while several specialty actives are supplied at more modest levels. Individual amounts are disclosed and fat-soluble ascorbyl palmitate adds a distinct form, though no delivery advantage is established.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Supportive 56 studies
Vision Support
Vision Support
Impact
Moderate effect
C- Goal FitB- Strength of SupportC- CoverageC- Formula Quality
Vitamin E · 100 IUVitamin C · 510 mg

Vitamin C, natural vitamin E, alpha-lipoic acid, and grape seed extract provide broad antioxidant support that may protect ocular tissues. None of the main actives supplies macular pigment or retinal omega-3 structure.

The vitamin E form and amount are useful, while vitamin C disclosure is complicated by multiple related entries. DMAE reflects the skin-focused purpose and adds little direct vision value.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Disputed 24 studies
Vitamin E Disputed 35 studies
Nail Health
Nail Health
Impact
Moderate effect
D- Goal FitB Strength of SupportD+ CoverageC- Formula Quality

Vitamin C and natural vitamin E provide antioxidant and connective-tissue support around the nail bed. The formula lacks biotin, silicon, zinc, keratin, or collagen, so direct support for the nail plate is limited.

Clear active amounts and useful vitamin forms make the supportive ingredients easy to assess. Alpha-lipoic acid, grape extract, and DMAE broaden a skin-focused formula without adding strong nail-specific evidence.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Supportive 1 study
Vitamin E Supportive 6 studies
Immunity
Immunity
Impact
Moderate effect
D+ Goal FitD+ Strength of SupportD+ CoverageB- Formula Quality
Vitamin C · 510 mg

Vitamin C, natural vitamin E, alpha-lipoic acid, and grape seed extract provide a coherent antioxidant network. These ingredients can indirectly support immune defenses by helping manage oxidative stress.

The product is designed primarily for skin aging, and its vitamin C amount falls below the preferred immune-focused level. DMAE adds little clear immune value, so the formula is not a strong dedicated immunity choice.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Vitamin E Supportive 21 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Calories
5 Calorie(s)
Total Carbohydrate
1 Gram(s)
Vitamin C (Ascorbyl Palmitate, Vitamin C Ester)
 216 mg
Vitamin E (D-Alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate)
 100 IU
Ascorbyl Palmitate (Vitamin C Ester)
 510 mg
Alpha-Lipoic Acid
100 mg
Proanthodyn (Grape Seed Extract)
 50 mg
DMAE (DMAE Bitartrate)
 50 mg
Adults 18–50
Report overview
Vitamin E (D-Alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate) · 100 IU OverallScore78
D Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value

Natural d-alpha-tocopheryl succinate supplies an amount within the preferred therapeutic range. The label is clear, but the formula offers neither mixed tocopherols nor tocotrienols. A low serving cost provides strong value.

View ingredientView products
Deanol (DMAE Bitartrate) · 50 mg OverallScore48
B- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityD- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

The bitartrate form is transparent, but the active Deanol portion is not stated. The estimated active amount is below the standard adult target. Two tablets are convenient, though low Deanol concentration and missing specific cautions reduce its suitability for this collection.

View ingredientView products
Vitamin C (Ascorbyl Palmitate, Vitamin C Ester) · 216 mg OverallScore44
D+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityD Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

The serving supplies a modest 216 mg of vitamin C through ester and ascorbyl palmitate forms within a broader antioxidant formula. Its lipid-compatible form may support delivery, but the reported vitamin C and ascorbyl palmitate amounts are not easy to reconcile. Vitamin C cost efficiency is poor because the formula is priced for several other actives.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
60 Performance

Wonder-C Orange Tangerine

Codeage Nanofood
<p>Vitamin C, natural vitamin E, vitamin D, zinc bisglycinate, rose hip, and quercetin broaden antioxidant and immune-oriented coverage. Compared with the original, zinc bisglycinate and vitamin D deepen immune support, but the hidden liposomal blend and high vitamin D weaken transparency.</p>
56 Performance

Airborne Original Assorted Fruit Flavors

Airborne
<p>Vitamin C, natural vitamin E, zinc, and selenium broaden antioxidant coverage, although the gummy base and hidden herbal blend reduce focus. Compared with the original, zinc and selenium broaden immune-oriented coverage, but the gummy base and hidden blend make it less suitable for skin-focused use.</p>
75 Performance

Lemon Lime

Pauling Labs
<p>A mineral-ascorbate vitamin C base joins vitamin E, zinc, magnesium, and other disclosed micronutrients. Compared with the original, the wider mineral profile supports general nutrition, but it omits alpha-lipoic acid, grape seed extract, and DMAE.</p>
80 Budget

PreserVision AREDS 2 Formula

Bausch & Lomb
<p>Vitamin C, vitamin E, lutein, zeaxanthin, zinc, and copper provide much more focused vision support than the original skin-oriented blend. Its lower serving cost makes it economical for the original’s vision goal, but the high zinc and vitamin E profile is intended for a narrower population.</p>
55 Budget

Airborne Original Berry

Airborne
<p>Substantial vitamin C, vitamin E, and zinc provide broad antioxidant and immune-oriented coverage, although the herbal blend is not broken down. It overlaps vitamin C and vitamin E but costs more per serving and is less skin-focused; only one eligible unique-brand candidate is genuinely cheaper than the original.</p>
74 Budget

Ener-C Tangerine Grapefruit

Pauling Labs
<p>A mineral-ascorbate vitamin C base joins vitamin E, zinc, magnesium, and other disclosed micronutrients. It overlaps vitamin C and vitamin E but costs more per serving and lacks the original’s alpha-lipoic acid, grape seed extract, and DMAE.</p>
59 Value

Choline Cocktail

Twinlab
<p>Choline, DMAE, vitamin C, and natural vitamin E preserve the original formula’s three collection themes, while the much larger choline amount shifts the emphasis toward cognitive support. The ingredient overlap is unusually close, but its serving cost is far higher and the stimulant-heavy formula is not genuinely better value.</p>
54 Value

Airborne Original Citrus

Airborne
<p>Substantial vitamin C, vitamin E, and zinc provide broad antioxidant and immune-oriented coverage, although the herbal blend is not broken down. It covers vitamin C and vitamin E but costs more per serving and is less skin-focused; the eligible pool cannot supply three true better-value choices from distinct brands.</p>
75 Value

Ener-C Lemon Lime

Pauling Labs
<p>A mineral-ascorbate vitamin C base joins vitamin E, zinc, magnesium, and other disclosed micronutrients. It offers broad micronutrient coverage with a modest cost increase, but it does not replace the original’s skin-oriented antioxidant and DMAE blend.</p>
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Relation between plasma ascorbic acid and mortality in men and women in EPIC-Norfolk prospective study: a prospective population study. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
    Khaw KT; Bingham S; Welch A; Luben R; Wareham N; Oakes S; Day N · Lancet (London, England) · 2001
    Cohort study19,496 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  2. Serum vitamin E levels and chronic inflammatory skin diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Liu X; Yang G; Luo M; Lan Q; Shi X; Deng H; Wang N; Xu X; Zhang C · PloS one · 2022
    Meta-analysis20 studies pooledSkin Health forVitamin E
  3. Effects of tocotrienol on aging skin: A systematic review.
    Ghazali NI; Mohd Rais RZ; Makpol S; Chin KY; Yap WN; Goon JA · Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022
    Systematic reviewSkin Health forVitamin E
  4. Serum vitamin C and spinal pain: a nationwide study.
    Dionne CE; Laurin D; Desrosiers T; Abdous B; Le Sage N; Frenette J; Mondor M; Pelletier S · Pain · 2017
    Cross-sectional study4,742 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  5. Carotenoids and carotenoids plus vitamin E protect against ultraviolet light-induced erythema in humans.
    Stahl W; Heinrich U; Jungmann H; Sies H; Tronnier H · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2000
    Randomized trialSkin Health forVitamin E
  6. Split-Face Comparative Analysis Of Micro-Needling With Tranexamic Acid Vs Vitamin C Serum In Melasma.
    Raza MH; Iftikhar N; Anwar A; Mashhood AA; Tariq S; Bin Hamid MA · Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC · 2022
    Non-randomized trial30 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  7. Non-Linear Association of Relationship Between Serum Vitamin E and Eczema in US Adults.
    Yu T; Wang P; Wu S; Cheng X; Li L · Food science & nutrition · 2025
    Cross-sectional study4,433 participantsSkin Health forVitamin E
  8. Supplemental Vitamins and Minerals for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment: JACC Focus Seminar.
    Jenkins DJA; Spence JD; Giovannucci EL; Kim YI; Josse RG; Vieth R; Sahye-Pudaruth S; Paquette M; Patel D; Blanco Mejia S; Viguiliouk E; Nishi SK; Kavanagh M; Tsirakis T; Kendall CWC; Pichika SC; Sievenpiper JL · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2021
    Meta-analysisGeneral Health forVitamin C
  9. Dietary nutrient intakes and skin-aging appearance among middle-aged American women.
    Cosgrove MC; Franco OH; Granger SP; Murray PG; Mayes AE · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2007
    Cross-sectional study4,025 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  10. Vitamin C and postoperative outcomes following mandibular third molar extraction: a randomized split-mouth study.
    Demirel M; Aktas A; Kizil M; Yalcin N · Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology · 2026
    Randomized trial56 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  11. Vitamin C intake and multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
    Xu K; Peng R; Zou Y; Jiang X; Sun Q; Song C · International journal of food sciences and nutrition · 2022
    Meta-analysis76 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin C
  12. Tocopherol succinate-loaded ethosomal gel synthesized by cold method technique: Deeper biophysical characterizations for translational application on human skin.
    Akhtar N; Menaa F; Akhtar N; Javed N; Sethi A; Khan MS · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2024
    Non-randomized trial34 participantsSkin Health forVitamin E
  13. Ascorbate for Organ Dysfunction in Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis: The Phase 2b ASTER Trial.
    Files DC; Matthay MA; Ware LB; Brower RG; Aggarwal NR; Brown SM; Chang SY; Douglas IS; Duggal A; Gibbs KW; Fields S; Foulkes AS; Ginde A; Goodwin A; Harris ES; Hendey GW; Hibbert K; Hite RD; Hough CL; Huang W; Khan A; Lai P; Liu KD; Miller C; Moskowitz A; Riker R; Robinson BRH; Self WH; Tidswell MA; Yealy DM; Thompson BT; Fowler AA · CHEST critical care · 2026
    Randomized trial79 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  14. Patch Testing With Tocopherol and Tocopherol Acetate: The North American Contact Dermatitis Group Experience, 2001 to 2016.
    Warshaw EM; Ruggiero JL; DeKoven JG; Silverberg JI; Maibach HI; Taylor JS; Atwater AR; Zug KA; Sasseville D; Fowler JF; Fransway AF; Pratt MD; Belsito DV; DeLeo VA; Reeder MJ · Dermatitis : contact, atopic, occupational, drug · 2022
    Observational study38,699 participantsSkin Health forVitamin E
  15. Mortality in randomized trials of antioxidant supplements for primary and secondary prevention: systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Bjelakovic G; Nikolova D; Gluud LL; Simonetti RG; Gluud C · JAMA · 2007
    Meta-analysis232,606 participants68 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin C
  16. The effects of topical vitamin E on the cosmetic appearance of scars.
    Baumann LS; Spencer J · Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] · 2000
    Randomized trial15 participantsSkin Health forVitamin E
  17. Efficacy and Safety of tranexamic acid versus vitamin c after microneedling in treatment of melasma: Clinical and Dermoscopic study.
    El Attar Y; Doghaim N; El Far N; El Hedody S; Hawwam SA · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2022
    Randomized trial20 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  18. Randomized controlled trial using vitamins E and D supplementation in atopic dermatitis.
    Javanbakht MH; Keshavarz SA; Djalali M; Siassi F; Eshraghian MR; Firooz A; Seirafi H; Ehsani AH; Chamari M; Mirshafiey A · The Journal of dermatological treatment · 2011
    Randomized trial45 participantsSkin Health forVitamin E
  19. Association between hemoglobin A1c, Vitamin C, and microbiome in diabetic foot ulcers and intact skin: A cross-sectional study.
    Tong KPS; Green SJ; Ortiz J; Wu SC · Health science reports · 2024
    Cross-sectional study42 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  20. Randomized trial of topical ascorbic acid in DMSO versus imiquimod for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.
    Burke B; Bailie JE · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022
    Randomized trial25 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  21. Double-blind, half-face study comparing topical vitamin C and vehicle for rejuvenation of photodamage.
    Fitzpatrick RE; Rostan EF · Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] · 2002
    Non-randomized trial10 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  22. Evaluating the effects of chlorhexidine and vitamin c mouthwash on oral health in non-surgical periodontal therapy: a randomized controlled clinical trial.
    Ozmeric N; Enver A; Isler SC; Gökmenoğlu C; Topaloğlu M; Selamet H; Altun G; Aykol Sayar S · Scientific reports · 2025
    Randomized trial60 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  23. Vitamin C supplementation in kidney failure: effect on uraemic symptoms.
    Singer RF · Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2011
    Randomized trial99 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  24. Associations of Serum Biomarkers of Fruit and Vegetable Intake With the Risk of Cause-Specific Mortality and All-Cause Mortality: A National Prospective Cohort Study.
    Pu L; Zhang R; Wang X; Zhao T; Sun H; Han L · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Cohort study12,530 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  25. Comparative Study on the Outcome of Periorbital Wrinkles Treated with Laser-Assisted Delivery of Vitamin C or Vitamin C Plus Growth Factors: A Randomized, Double-blind, Clinical Trial.
    Machado BHB; Frame J; Zhang J; Najlah M · Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2021
    Randomized trial149 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  26. A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial evaluating the effects of vitamin E and selenium on arsenic-induced skin lesions in Bangladesh.
    Verret WJ; Chen Y; Ahmed A; Islam T; Parvez F; Kibriya MG; Graziano JH; Ahsan H · Journal of occupational and environmental medicine · 2006
    Randomized trial121 participantsSkin Health forVitamin E
  27. Vitamin C for the management of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Abid H; Mushtaq I; Munir ABI; Shakil J; Vinjamuri S; Tadasare N; Kiran F; Muhammad Wali Mirza A; Fatima Khidri F; Shahid A; Ayyan M; Ehsan M; Cheema HA; Alsubari AMA; Sahra S; Siddiqi NI · Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026
    Meta-analysis9 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin C
  28. Comparative Evaluation of Locally Injected Dexamethasone with and Without Vitamin C in Mandibular Fractures: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Chincholkar A; Rudagi BM; Setiya S; Sakhariya S · Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery · 2025
    Randomized trial30 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  29. Comparison of the Efficacy of Intralesional Ascorbic Acid Mesotherapy and Intralesional Tranexamic Acid in Treating Melasma in the Skin of Colour Population.
    Aslam H; Muhammad A; Ullah A; Aziz N; Lakhiar JA; Ahmad B; Shahzadi A; Ahmad A; Chandni; Virdi G · Cureus · 2025
    Randomized trial110 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  30. Topical application of a cream containing nanoparticles with vitamin E for radiodermatitis prevention in women with breast cancer: A randomized, triple-blind, controlled pilot trial.
    Queiroz Schmidt FM; Serna González CV; Mattar RC; Lopes LB; Santos MF; Santos VLCG · European journal of oncology nursing : the official journal of European Oncology Nursing Society · 2022
    Randomized trial40 participantsSkin Health forVitamin E
  31. Efficacy of Vitamin C as Glucocorticoid Substitute for Reducing Pain and Inflammation After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Jiang W; Xu H; Jiang X; Zhan Y; Ju Y; Xie J; Huang Z; Huang Q; Pei F · The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume · 2025
    Randomized trial107 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  32. The Impact of Vitamin C on Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Hemostatic Outcomes After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Moftakhari Hajimirzaei S; Bagherzadeh Cham M; Dolikhani M; Tabatabaee SM; Ebrahimpour A · The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2026
    Meta-analysis1,162 participants10 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  33. The impact of vitamin C supplementation on the perioperative outcomes after total hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Liu X; Guo J; Li Y; Yang Y; Liu M; Gao Q; Yang Y; Wu X; Yue C · BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026
    Meta-analysis852 participants8 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  34. Therapeutic Impact of Ascorbic Acid on Oral and Periodontal Tissues: A Systematic Literature Review.
    Ruzijevaite G; Acaite E; Jagelaviciene E · Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025
    Systematic review811 participants17 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  35. Oral vitamin C administration reduces early recurrence rates after electrical cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation and attenuates associated inflammation.
    Korantzopoulos P; Kolettis TM; Kountouris E; Dimitroula V; Karanikis P; Pappa E; Siogas K; Goudevenos JA · International journal of cardiology · 2005
    Randomized trial44 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  36. Effects of delta-tocotrienol supplementation on Glycemic Control, oxidative stress, inflammatory biomarkers and miRNA expression in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized control trial.
    Mahjabeen W; Khan DA; Mirza SA; Pervez MA · Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2021
    Randomized trial110 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin E
  37. Effect of vitamin E supplementation on serum C-reactive protein level: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Saboori S; Shab-Bidar S; Speakman JR; Yousefi Rad E; Djafarian K · European journal of clinical nutrition · 2016
    Meta-analysis495 participants12 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin E
  38. Efficacy of Nutritional Interventions on Inflammatory Markers in Haemodialysis Patients: A Systematic Review and Limited Meta-Analysis.
    Khor BH; Narayanan SS; Sahathevan S; Gafor AHA; Daud ZAM; Khosla P; Sabatino A; Fiaccadori E; Chinna K; Karupaiah T · Nutrients · 2018
    Meta-analysis46 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin E
  39. Vitamin E improves serum markers and histology in adults with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Chee NM; Sinnanaidu RP; Chan WK · Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2024
    Meta-analysis8 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin E
  40. Delta-tocotrienol supplementation improves biochemical markers of hepatocellular injury and steatosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
    Pervez MA; Khan DA; Slehria AUR; Ijaz A · Complementary therapies in medicine · 2021
    Randomized trial71 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin E
  41. Vitamin C may reduce troponin and CKMB levels after PCI and CABG: a meta-analysis.
    Rozemeijer S; Hemilä H; van Baaren M; de Man AME · BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2023
    Meta-analysis872 participants7 studies pooledCardiovascular Support forVitamin C
  42. Vitamin C improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation by restoring nitric oxide activity in essential hypertension.
    Taddei S; Virdis A; Ghiadoni L; Magagna A; Salvetti A · Circulation · 1998
    Clinical trial49 participantsCardiovascular Support forVitamin C
  43. Vitamin C supplementation improves blood pressure and oxidative stress after acute exercise in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study.
    Boonthongkaew C; Tong-Un T; Kanpetta Y; Chaungchot N; Leelayuwat C; Leelayuwat N · The Chinese journal of physiology · 2021
    Randomized trial24 participantsCardiovascular Support forVitamin C
  44. Vascular benefits of vitamin C supplementation against fine particulate air pollution in healthy adults: A double-blind randomised crossover trial.
    Ren J; Liang J; Wang J; Yin B; Zhang F; Li X; Zhu S; Tian H; Cui Q; Song J; Liu G; Ling W; Ma Y · Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2022
    Randomized trial58 participantsCardiovascular Support forVitamin C
  45. Ascorbic acid reduces blood pressure and arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes.
    Mullan BA; Young IS; Fee H; McCance DR · Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2003
    Randomized trial30 participantsCardiovascular Support forVitamin C
  46. Supplementation with vitamin E alone is associated with reduced myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis.
    Loffredo L; Perri L; Di Castelnuovo A; Iacoviello L; De Gaetano G; Violi F · Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2016
    Meta-analysis16 studies pooledCardiovascular Support forVitamin E
  47. Vitamin E ameliorates blood cholesterol level and alters gut microbiota composition: A randomized controlled trial.
    Chen B; Li Y; Li Z; Hu X; Zhen H; Chen H; Nie C; Hou Y; Zhu S; Xiao L; Li T · Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2025
    Randomized trial90 participantsCardiovascular Support forVitamin E
  48. Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer: a randomized controlled trial.
    Lonn E; Bosch J; Yusuf S; Sheridan P; Pogue J; Arnold JM; Ross C; Arnold A; Sleight P; Probstfield J; Dagenais GR; HOPE and HOPE-TOO Trial Investigators · JAMA · 2005
    Randomized trial9,541 participantsCardiovascular Support forVitamin E
  49. Independent and combined associations of dietary antioxidant exposure with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the general population.
    Liu Z; He Z; Xing Y · Journal of nutritional science · 2026
    Cohort study34,955 participantsCardiovascular Support forVitamin E
  50. Tocotrienol rich fraction supplementation improved lipid profile and oxidative status in healthy older adults: A randomized controlled study.
    Chin SF; Ibahim J; Makpol S; Abdul Hamid NA; Abdul Latiff A; Zakaria Z; Mazlan M; Mohd Yusof YA; Abdul Karim A; Wan Ngah WZ · Nutrition & metabolism · 2011
    Randomized trial62 participantsCardiovascular Support forVitamin E
  51. Dietary intake and blood concentrations of antioxidants and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
    Aune D; Keum N; Giovannucci E; Fadnes LT; Boffetta P; Greenwood DC; Tonstad S; Vatten LJ; Riboli E; Norat T · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019
    Meta-analysis69 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin C
  52. Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to vitamin C and increasing non haem iron absorption pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusGeneral Health forVitamin C
  53. Vitamin C Depletion and All-Cause Mortality in Renal Transplant Recipients.
    Sotomayor CG; Eisenga MF; Gomes Neto AW; Ozyilmaz A; Gans ROB; Jong WHA; Zelle DM; Berger SP; Gaillard CAJM; Navis GJ; Bakker SJ · Nutrients · 2018
    Cohort study598 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  54. Vitamin C and contribution to the normal function of the immune system: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusImmunity forVitamin C
  55. Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.
    Sun L; Zhao JH; Fan WY; Feng B; Liu WW; Chen RQ; Ban C; Dang AG; Wang M; Luo KT; Zhou GY; Yu FF; Ba Y · Nutrition reviews · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,334 participants14 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  56. Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Abioye AI; Bromage S; Fawzi W · BMJ global health · 2021
    Meta-analysisImmunity forVitamin C
  57. New evidence for antioxidant properties of vitamin C.
    Vojdani A; Bazargan M; Vojdani E; Wright J · Cancer detection and prevention · 2001
    Randomized trial20 participantsImmunity forVitamin C
  58. Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults.
    Calder PC; Kreider RB; McKay DL · Nutrients · 2025
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  59. Vitamin E supplementation enhances cell-mediated immunity in healthy elderly subjects.
    Meydani SN; Barklund MP; Liu S; Meydani M; Miller RA; Cannon JG; Morrow FD; Rocklin R; Blumberg JB · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1990
    Randomized trial32 participantsImmunity forVitamin E
  60. Immunomodulatory effects of palm-derived tocotrienol-rich fraction in healthy volunteers following influenza vaccination: A randomised clinical trial.
    Chen S; Ahmad B; Palanisamy UD; Hafid SRA; Selvaduray KR; Radhakrishnan AK · Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) · 2026
    Randomized trial150 participantsImmunity forVitamin E
  61. Effects of supplementation with tocotrienol-rich fraction on immune response to tetanus toxoid immunization in normal healthy volunteers.
    Mahalingam D; Radhakrishnan AK; Amom Z; Ibrahim N; Nesaretnam K · European journal of clinical nutrition · 2011
    Randomized trialImmunity forVitamin E
  62. Vitamin E and beta-carotene supplementation and hospital-treated pneumonia incidence in male smokers.
    Hemilä H; Virtamo J; Albanes D; Kaprio J · Chest · 2004
    Randomized trial29,133 participantsImmunity forVitamin E
  63. Vitamin E supplementation and in vivo immune response in healthy elderly subjects. A randomized controlled trial.
    Meydani SN; Meydani M; Blumberg JB; Leka LS; Siber G; Loszewski R; Thompson C; Pedrosa MC; Diamond RD; Stollar BD · JAMA · 1997
    Randomized trial88 participantsImmunity forVitamin E
  64. Vitamin C Deficiency in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Forgotten Micronutrient.
    Dunleavy KA; Ungaro RC; Manning L; Gold S; Novak J; Colombel JF · Crohn's & colitis 360 · 2023
    Other20 participantsNail Health forVitamin C
  65. Dermatologic signs in patients with eating disorders.
    Strumia R · American journal of clinical dermatology · 2005
    Narrative reviewNail Health forVitamin E
  66. Yellow nail syndrome: clinical experience in a series of 21 patients.
    Piraccini BM; Urciuoli B; Starace M; Tosti A; Balestri R · Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2014
    Case series20 participantsNail Health forVitamin E
  67. Why don't we use vitamin E in dermatology?
    Pehr K; Forsey RR · CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 1993
    Systematic reviewNail Health forVitamin E
  68. Vitamins and minerals: their role in nail health and disease.
    Scheinfeld N; Dahdah MJ; Scher R · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2007
    Narrative reviewNail Health forVitamin E
  69. Diagnosis and management of yellow nail syndrome: An international multi-institutional retrospective cohort study of 111 cases by an expert panel.
    Curtis KL; Piraccini BM; Starace M; Rapparini L; Richert B; Rubin AI; Jellinek NJ; Tosti A; Di Chiacchio NG; Di Chiacchio N; Iorizzo M; Grover C; Hinshaw MA; Vlahovic TC; Bellet JS; Rigopoulos D; Lipner SR · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2025
    Cohort study111 participantsNail Health forVitamin E
  70. Evaluation of the anti-wrinkle effect of an ascorbic acid-loaded dissolving microneedle patch via a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study.
    Lee C; Yang H; Kim S; Kim M; Kang H; Kim N; An S; Koh J; Jung H · International journal of cosmetic science · 2017
    Randomized trial23 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  71. Vitamin C improves healing of foot ulcers: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Gunton JE; Girgis CM; Lau T; Vicaretti M; Begg L; Flood V · The British journal of nutrition · 2022
    Randomized trial16 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  72. Evidence-Based Nutritional Interventions in Wound Care.
    Saeg F; Orazi R; Bowers GM; Janis JE · Plastic and reconstructive surgery · 2021
    Systematic review2,339 participants36 studies pooledSkin Health forVitamin E
  73. Role of Oral Vitamin 'C' on Astigmatic Errors in Phacoemulsification.
    Mohan S; Sah K; Khattri M; Ahmad L; Sachan SK · Current eye research · 2021
    Randomized trial400 participantsVision Support forVitamin C
  74. Ascorbic acid metabolites are involved in intraocular pressure control in the general population.
    Hysi PG; Khawaja AP; Menni C; Tamraz B; Wareham N; Khaw KT; Foster PJ; Benet LZ; Spector TD; Hammond CJ · Redox biology · 2019
    Observational studyVision Support forVitamin C
  75. Nutritional modulation of cataract.
    Weikel KA; Garber C; Baburins A; Taylor A · Nutrition reviews · 2014
    Narrative reviewVision Support forVitamin C
  76. Dietary n-3 Fatty Acid, α-Tocopherol, Zinc, vitamin D, vitamin C, and β-carotene are Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Japan.
    Aoki A; Inoue M; Nguyen E; Obata R; Kadonosono K; Shinkai S; Hashimoto H; Sasaki S; Yanagi Y · Scientific reports · 2017
    Case-control study530 participantsVision Support forVitamin C Vision Support forVitamin E
  77. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet, lifestyle and age-related macular degeneration: the Coimbra Eye Study - report 3.
    Raimundo M; Mira F; Cachulo MDL; Barreto P; Ribeiro L; Farinha C; Laíns I; Nunes S; Alves D; Figueira J; Merle BM; Delcourt C; Santos L; Silva R · Acta ophthalmologica · 2019
    Case-control study883 participantsVision Support forVitamin C
  78. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age-related macular degeneration.
    Evans JR; Lawrenson JG · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018
    Meta-analysis55,614 participants4 studies pooledVision Support forVitamin E
  79. Dietary carotenoids, vitamins C and E, and risk of cataract in women: a prospective study.
    Christen WG; Liu S; Glynn RJ; Gaziano JM; Buring JE · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2008
    Cohort study35,551 participantsVision Support forVitamin E
  80. Long-term nutrient intake and 5-year change in nuclear lens opacities.
    Jacques PF; Taylor A; Moeller S; Hankinson SE; Rogers G; Tung W; Ludovico J; Willett WC; Chylack LT · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2005
    Cohort study408 participantsVision Support forVitamin E
  81. Dietary intake of antioxidants and risk of age-related macular degeneration.
    van Leeuwen R; Boekhoorn S; Vingerling JR; Witteman JC; Klaver CC; Hofman A; de Jong PT · JAMA · 2005
    Cohort study4,765 participantsVision Support forVitamin E