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Immufight Respiratory Support

Solaray
4.8
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(510 ratings)
Vitamin C 500 mg
Aloe 33 mg
Monolaurin 100 mg
Ginger
Bromelain 100 mg
Product Image
Score75
A broad immune-support blend with useful core nutrients, but modest extract detail and notable berberine-grapefruit interaction risks require careful screening.
How scoring works
Quantity:90 VegCap(s) • (30 servings)
Goals:
Immunity
Anti-Inflammatory Support

Score 75

A broad immune-support blend with useful core nutrients, but modest extract detail and notable berberine-grapefruit interaction risks require careful screening.
How scoring works
$25.69($0.85 per serving)
iHerb
$ 25.69
Vitacost
$ 25.69
Pure Formulas
$ 25.69
Report prices

Analysis

Vitamin C at 500 mg, vitamin D, zinc, selenium, quercetin, and monolaurin provide a credible nutrient-and-bioactive core. Ginger, bromelain, aloe, citrus bioflavonoids, and a probiotic add broader digestive and inflammatory-pathway support.

Several extract forms and active yields are not stated, including ginger potency and bromelain enzyme activity. The formula also spreads the serving across many 100 mg or smaller components, so not every ingredient contributes equally.

It may fit adults wanting a broad seasonal-support formula rather than a single nutrient. Berberine and grapefruit extract greatly increase the need to screen medications before use.

Who is it for
  • Adults seeking broad seasonal nutrient support
  • Users wanting vitamin C, D, zinc, and quercetin together
  • People without relevant medication interactions
Best for
  • Immune nutrient coverage
  • Vitamin C supplementation
  • Broad antioxidant support

Pros

  • Provides 500 mg vitamin C
  • Includes vitamin D, zinc, and selenium
  • Adds quercetin, monolaurin, and bromelain
  • Covers several complementary pathways

Cons

  • Bromelain activity is not disclosed
  • Many botanical extracts lack standardization
  • Formula is crowded with modest amounts
  • Medication compatibility is complex

Warnings

  • Grapefruit extract can alter levels of statins, calcium-channel blockers, and other medicines metabolized through CYP3A4
  • Berberine may lower blood glucose and interact with diabetes medicines and several prescription drugs
  • Bromelain and ginger may add to bleeding risk with anticoagulant or antiplatelet medicines

Nutrient quality

76 High impact

Useful nutrient forms and a broad immune-support selection provide a solid base. Modest botanical doses and the interaction potential of berberine and grapefruit extract reduce broad suitability.

.

Ingredient transparency

76 High impact

The main active amounts are generally available and no broad proprietary blend obscures the formula. Complete usage directions and non-active ingredients are not supplied, while any noted duplicate or vague entries reduce clarity.

.

Customer satisfaction

69 High impact

Aggregate satisfaction is very strong and supported by a substantial evidence base. No firsthand experience details are supplied, so recurring complaints and purpose alignment remain uncertain.

.

Value for money

76 High impact

Useful core nutrients and broad immune coverage provide good practical value. Interaction concerns and several small extras modestly limit the appeal.

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Report analysis

Goals

Immunity
Immunity
Impact
High effect
A- Goal FitB Strength of SupportB CoverageC- Formula Quality
Vitamin C · 500 mgZinc · 8.3 mgVitamin D · 42 mcgMonolaurin · 100 mgSelenium · 37 mcg

A strong vitamin C and vitamin D base is joined by zinc, selenium, quercetin, monolaurin, bromelain, and respiratory-focused botanicals. That combination addresses several immune and symptom-support pathways.

Many specialty ingredients are modest or poorly standardized, so the broad label overstates the likely depth. Berberine can compound glucose-lowering medicines, and grapefruit extract can alter exposure to some statins and calcium-channel blockers.

Study evidence
Bromelain Not classified 1 study
Monolaurin Not classified 1 study
Selenium Mixed 37 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 85 studies
Zinc Supportive 73 studies
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Cellular Defense
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Impact
High effect
B Goal FitC Strength of SupportB- CoverageC- Formula Quality
Vitamin D · 42 mcgVitamin C · 500 mg

Vitamin C, vitamin D, quercetin, berberine, ginger, and bromelain span several antioxidant and inflammatory pathways. The breadth is useful, but most botanical and enzyme amounts are modest relative to commonly studied standalone doses.

The immune and respiratory theme gives the combination a plausible logic. People seeking deep systemic support may find the broad label less compelling than a focused formula with stronger doses.

Study evidence
Bromelain Supportive 12 studies
Ginger Supportive 30 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 50 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 101 studies
General Health
General Health
Impact
Moderate effect
C+ Goal FitC+ Strength of SupportC CoverageD+ Formula Quality
Vitamin D · 42 mcgSelenium · 37 mcgZinc · 8.3 mgVitamin C · 500 mg

Vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, and selenium provide a recognizable nutritional base for immune and general-health support. Several additional botanicals and compounds broaden the formula but have weaker or less clearly dosed relevance.

The core nutrients use useful forms and practical amounts. Many secondary ingredients are modestly dosed, making the crowded formula less convincing than its foundational nutrient base.

Study evidence
Selenium Supportive 70 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 56 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 115 studies
Zinc Supportive 60 studies
Skin Health
Skin Health
Impact
Moderate effect
C+ Goal FitB Strength of SupportC CoverageF Formula Quality
Zinc · 8.3 mgVitamin C · 500 mgSelenium · 37 mcg

Buffered vitamin C, zinc, selenium, and quercetin provide collagen-cofactor and antioxidant support, but the formula is mainly designed for respiratory and immune use. Numerous botanicals and microbial ingredients have weak or indirect relevance to the selected skin outcomes.

The 500 mg vitamin C amount is useful, while zinc and selenium provide modest supporting doses in favorable forms. Berberine may add to glucose-lowering medicines, and grapefruit extract can alter exposure to some statins and calcium-channel blockers.

Study evidence
Selenium Supportive 22 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Zinc Supportive 66 studies
Vision Support
Macular and Blue Light Defense
Vision Support
Impact
Moderate effect
C- Goal FitC Strength of SupportD CoverageF Formula Quality
Zinc · 8.3 mgVitamin C · 500 mg

Vitamin C, zinc, and selenium provide some ocular antioxidant and retinal support, but the formula is designed for immune or respiratory use. It supplies no lutein, zeaxanthin, DHA, or complete AREDS2 pattern.

The 500 mg vitamin C amount is meaningful, while zinc is modest and most companion ingredients have no direct eye role. Berberine can compound glucose-lowering medicines, and grapefruit extract can alter exposure to some statins and calcium-channel blockers.

Study evidence
Selenium Supportive 15 studies
Vitamin C Disputed 24 studies
Zinc Supportive 39 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Total Carbohydrates
1 Gram(s)
Vitamin C (Calcium Strontium Ascorbate)
 500 mg
Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol)
 42 mcg
Zinc (Zinc Citrate)
 8.3 mg
Selenium (Selenomethionine)
 37 mcg
Monolaurin (Glyceryl Monolaurate)
 100 mg
Quercetin
100 mg
Berberine HCl (Indian Barberry extract)
 100 mg
Cayenne Pepper
67 mg
Ginger root extract
67 mg
Acacia Gum
67 mg
Aloe Vera concentrate
33 mg
Bioflavonoids Concentrate (Citrus)
 10 mg
Acerola Cherry powder
3 mg
Rose Hips
3 mg
Bacillus coagulans
75 mg
Grapefruit extract
100 mg
Bromelain (Pineapple)
 100 mg
Gluten Free Adults 18–50 Vegan Women Vegetarian
Report overview
Vitamin C (Calcium Strontium Ascorbate) · 500 mg OverallScore68
B+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityB Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

Buffered calcium strontium ascorbate supplies a practical vitamin C amount with good expected stomach tolerance. The label does not separate the elemental minerals, and the large companion blend makes vitamin C a smaller part of the formula. Value is weak for vitamin C alone, while berberine may compound glucose-lowering medicines and grapefruit extract can alter exposure to some statins and calcium-channel blockers.

View ingredientView products
Aloe · 33 mg OverallScore56
F Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyD- Value

The aloe concentrate reaches a moderate amount, but the label gives no concentration ratio or aloin-removal detail. Capsule delivery is practical while offering less direct upper-digestive contact than a liquid or mixed powder. Berberine and grapefruit extract can affect glucose-lowering or grapefruit-sensitive medicines, so users of those drugs should review the combination before use.

View ingredientView products
Monolaurin (Glyceryl Monolaurate) · 100 mg OverallScore56
B+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityD Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

The specific glyceryl monolaurate form is clear, but its source is not stated. The 100 mg amount is too small for targeted monolaurin use, and reaching a standard dose would require many capsules. Other well-dosed immune nutrients add broader value, yet the formula remains inefficient for monolaurin alone.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
74 Performance

Immufight Maximum Daily Defense

Solaray
<p>Higher amounts of buffered vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc, selenium, and monolaurin create a more substantial immune-support core than the original. Duplicate vitamin D entries need clarification, and grapefruit seed extract retains an interaction concern.</p>
79 Performance

Activated Quercetin

Source Naturals
<p>One gram of quercetin, buffered magnesium ascorbate, and 300 mg bromelain provide much stronger amounts of the original’s quercetin and bromelain components. The focused formula avoids berberine and grapefruit extract, though it omits vitamin D, zinc, selenium, and monolaurin and does not report bromelain activity units.</p>
72 Performance

Phytoprofen

Thorne
<p>Equal substantial amounts of bromelain, curcumin phytosome, ginger, and frankincense give the anti-inflammatory side of the formula greater depth. It is not a broad immune product and lacks vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, selenium, and monolaurin, while several ingredients may add bleeding risk with relevant medicines.</p>
76 Budget

Immufight Daily defense

Solaray
<p>Buffered vitamin C, vitamin D3, zinc citrate, selenomethionine, and monolaurin preserve a coherent immune core at lower recurring cost. It removes berberine and many lightly dosed extras from the original, although grapefruit seed extract still creates a potential medicine-interaction concern.</p>
79 Budget

Activated Quercetin

Source Naturals
<p>One gram of quercetin, substantial vitamin C, and 300 mg bromelain provide a focused antioxidant and enzyme blend at slightly lower recurring cost. It avoids the original’s berberine and grapefruit extract, but it does not provide vitamin D, zinc, selenium, or monolaurin and bromelain activity units are missing.</p>
64 Budget

Vita Biotic 750 mg

Eclectic Herb
<p>Vitamin C, zinc, echinacea, citrus bioflavonoids, garlic, and ginger create broad immune coverage at a somewhat lower recurring cost. Aggressive preformed vitamin A and duplicated or mismatched botanical entries weaken safety and label confidence compared with the original.</p>
78 Value

Quercetin Bromelain & Vitamin C

Solaray
<p>Substantial vitamin C and quercetin create a concise antioxidant option at lower recurring cost, with bromelain adding some enzyme support. The formula avoids berberine and grapefruit extract but does not include vitamin D, zinc, selenium, or monolaurin, and bromelain activity is not stated.</p>
77 Value

Super Quercetin

Bluebonnet
<p>Vitamin C, quercetin, bromelain, citrus bioflavonoids, rutin, acerola, and rose hips provide a focused antioxidant blend with good active density. Its recurring cost is not the lowest, but the simpler label avoids the original’s berberine and grapefruit concerns while sacrificing vitamin D, zinc, selenium, and monolaurin.</p>
70 Value

Glucosamine Chondroitin

ForestLeaf
<p>Turmeric, bromelain, ginger, vitamin C, glucosamine, and chondroitin offer a lower-cost option when anti-inflammatory and joint support matter more than broad immunity. The formula omits vitamin D, zinc, selenium, monolaurin, and quercetin, and several supporting ingredients are modestly dosed.</p>
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Effect of Vitamin C Supplements on Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Keya TA; Leela A; Fernandez K; Habib N; Rashid M · Current reviews in clinical and experimental pharmacology · 2022
    Meta-analysis10 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  2. Vitamin C and contribution to the normal function of the immune system: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusImmunity forVitamin C
  3. The effect of macronutrient and micronutrient supplements on COVID-19: an umbrella review.
    SeyedAlinaghi S; Shahidi R; Mojdeganlou H; Akhtaran FK; Maroufi SF; Maroufi SP; Mirzapour P; Karimi A; Khodaei S; Pour MM; Mehraeen E; Dadras O · Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024
    Systematic review28 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  4. The effect of ginger supplementation on serum C-reactive protein, lipid profile and glycaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Mazidi M; Gao HK; Rezaie P; Ferns GA · Food & nutrition research · 2022
    Meta-analysis9 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forGinger
  5. Anti-inflammatory effects of zingiber officinale in type 2 diabetic patients.
    Mahluji S; Ostadrahimi A; Mobasseri M; Ebrahimzade Attari V; Payahoo L · Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2013
    Randomized trial64 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forGinger
  6. Effects of Cinnamon, Cardamom, Saffron, and Ginger Consumption on Markers of Glycemic Control, Lipid Profile, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Patients.
    Azimi P; Ghiasvand R; Feizi A; Hariri M; Abbasi B · The review of diabetic studies : RDS · 2016
    Randomized trial204 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forGinger
  7. Placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial on the immunomodulating activities of low- and high-dose bromelain after oral administration - new evidence on the antiinflammatory mode of action of bromelain.
    Müller S; März R; Schmolz M; Drewelow B; Eschmann K; Meiser P · Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2013
    Randomized trial12 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support Immunity forBromelain
  8. Bromelain supplementation and inflammatory markers: A systematic review of clinical trials.
    Pereira IC; Sátiro Vieira EE; de Oliveira Torres LR; Carneiro da Silva FC; de Castro E Sousa JM; Torres-Leal FL · Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2023
    Systematic review7 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forBromelain
  9. Prospective double-blind clinical trial evaluating the effectiveness of Bromelain in the third molar extraction postoperative period.
    de la Barrera-Núñez MC; Yáñez-Vico RM; Batista-Cruzado A; Heurtebise-Saavedra JM; Castillo-de Oyagüe R; Torres-Lagares D · Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2014
    Randomized trial34 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forBromelain
  10. Therapeutic efficacy of bromelain in impacted third molar surgery: a randomized controlled clinical study.
    Ordesi P; Pisoni L; Nannei P; Macchi M; Borloni R; Siervo S · Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985) · 2016
    Randomized trial80 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forBromelain
  11. Efficacy of proteolytic enzyme bromelain on health outcomes after third molar surgery. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
    Mendes ML; do Nascimento-Júnior EM; Reinheimer DM; Martins-Filho PR · Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2019
    Meta-analysis6 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forBromelain
  12. An Evaluation of the Effects of Pineapple-Extract and Bromelain-Based Treatment after Mandibular Third Molar Surgery: A Randomized Three-Arm Clinical Study.
    Colletti A; Procchio C; Pisano M; Martelli A; Pellizzato M; Cravotto G · Nutrients · 2024
    Randomized trial42 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forBromelain
  13. Therapeutic uses of pineapple-extracted bromelain in surgical care - A review.
    Muhammad ZA; Ahmad T · JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association · 2019
    Narrative reviewAnti-Inflammatory Support forBromelain
  14. Ginger supplementation and metabolic health: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized trials.
    Musazadeh V; Morvaridi M; Hosseini-Roknabadi SM; Mahmoudinezhad M; Jafari A; Shidfar F · Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026
    Meta-analysis43,570 participants36 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forGinger
  15. Effect of Ginger Supplementation on Proinflammatory Cytokines in Older Patients with Osteoarthritis: Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
    Mozaffari-Khosravi H; Naderi Z; Dehghan A; Nadjarzadeh A; Fallah Huseini H · Journal of nutrition in gerontology and geriatrics · 2017
    Randomized trial120 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forGinger
  16. Effects of Ginger Supplementation on Markers of Inflammation and Functional Capacity in Individuals with Mild to Moderate Joint Pain.
    Broeckel J; Estes L; Leonard M; Dickerson BL; Gonzalez DE; Purpura M; Jäger R; Sowinski RJ; Rasmussen CJ; Kreider RB · Nutrients · 2025
    Randomized trial30 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forGinger
  17. The effect of ginger supplementation on some immunity and inflammation intermediate genes expression in patients with active Rheumatoid Arthritis.
    Aryaeian N; Shahram F; Mahmoudi M; Tavakoli H; Yousefi B; Arablou T; Jafari Karegar S · Gene · 2019
    Randomized trial70 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forGinger
  18. Efficacy of Vitamin C as Glucocorticoid Substitute for Reducing Pain and Inflammation After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Jiang W; Xu H; Jiang X; Zhan Y; Ju Y; Xie J; Huang Z; Huang Q; Pei F · The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume · 2025
    Randomized trial107 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  19. The Impact of Vitamin C on Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Hemostatic Outcomes After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Moftakhari Hajimirzaei S; Bagherzadeh Cham M; Dolikhani M; Tabatabaee SM; Ebrahimpour A · The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2026
    Meta-analysis1,162 participants10 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  20. The impact of vitamin C supplementation on the perioperative outcomes after total hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Liu X; Guo J; Li Y; Yang Y; Liu M; Gao Q; Yang Y; Wu X; Yue C · BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026
    Meta-analysis852 participants8 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  21. Therapeutic Impact of Ascorbic Acid on Oral and Periodontal Tissues: A Systematic Literature Review.
    Ruzijevaite G; Acaite E; Jagelaviciene E · Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025
    Systematic review811 participants17 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  22. Oral vitamin C administration reduces early recurrence rates after electrical cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation and attenuates associated inflammation.
    Korantzopoulos P; Kolettis TM; Kountouris E; Dimitroula V; Karanikis P; Pappa E; Siogas K; Goudevenos JA · International journal of cardiology · 2005
    Randomized trial44 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  23. Vitamin D deficiency and C-reactive protein: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.
    Zhou A; Hyppönen E · International journal of epidemiology · 2023
    Observational study294,970 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  24. Vitamin D in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
    El Amrousy D; El Ashry H; Hodeib H; Hassan S · Journal of clinical gastroenterology · 2021
    Randomized trial120 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  25. Vitamin D supplementation reduces infection rate and promotes wound healing in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.
    Gao YQ; Gao YH; Xing JH · World journal of diabetes · 2025
    Randomized trial120 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  26. Associations of C-reactive Protein with 25-hydroxyvitamin D in 24 Specific Diseases: A Cross-sectional Study from NHANES.
    Yang F; Sun M; Sun C; Li J; Yang X; Bi C; Wang M; Pu L; Wang J; Wang C; Xie M; Yao Y; Jin L · Scientific reports · 2020
    Cross-sectional study9,809 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  27. Combined effects of vitamin D deficiency and systemic inflammation on all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in older adults.
    Zhang C; Cui J; Li S; Shen J; Luo X; Yao Y; Shi H · BMC geriatrics · 2024
    Cohort study3,072 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  28. Associations of selenium status with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
    Cui Z; Xie R; Lu X; Schomburg L; Brenner H; Schöttker B · Redox biology · 2025
    Meta-analysis95 participants20 studies pooledGeneral Health forSelenium
  29. Dietary Antioxidants, Circulating Antioxidant Concentrations, Total Antioxidant Capacity, and Risk of All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Observational Studies.
    Jayedi A; Rashidy-Pour A; Parohan M; Zargar MS; Shab-Bidar S · Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2019
    Meta-analysis507,251 participants41 studies pooledGeneral Health forSelenium
  30. The efficacy and safety of selenium supplementation versus placebo in the treatment of Graves' orbitopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
    Sharabati I; Qafesha RM; Hindawi MD; Amro S; Ayesh BM · Clinical endocrinology · 2024
    Meta-analysis4 studies pooledGeneral Health Vision Support forSelenium
  31. Associations of plasma metal concentrations with the risks of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in Chinese adults.
    Shi L; Yuan Y; Xiao Y; Long P; Li W; Yu Y; Liu Y; Liu K; Wang H; Zhou L; Yang H; Li X; He M; Wu T · Environment international · 2021
    Cohort study6,155 participantsGeneral Health forSelenium
  32. Updates on clinical studies of selenium supplementation in radiotherapy.
    Puspitasari IM; Abdulah R; Yamazaki C; Kameo S; Nakano T; Koyama H · Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2015
    Systematic review16 studies pooledGeneral Health forSelenium
  33. Dietary intake and blood concentrations of antioxidants and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
    Aune D; Keum N; Giovannucci E; Fadnes LT; Boffetta P; Greenwood DC; Tonstad S; Vatten LJ; Riboli E; Norat T · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019
    Meta-analysis69 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin C
  34. Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to vitamin C and increasing non haem iron absorption pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusGeneral Health forVitamin C
  35. Vitamin C Depletion and All-Cause Mortality in Renal Transplant Recipients.
    Sotomayor CG; Eisenga MF; Gomes Neto AW; Ozyilmaz A; Gans ROB; Jong WHA; Zelle DM; Berger SP; Gaillard CAJM; Navis GJ; Bakker SJ · Nutrients · 2018
    Cohort study598 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  36. Associations of Serum Biomarkers of Fruit and Vegetable Intake With the Risk of Cause-Specific Mortality and All-Cause Mortality: A National Prospective Cohort Study.
    Pu L; Zhang R; Wang X; Zhao T; Sun H; Han L · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Cohort study12,530 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  37. Relation between plasma ascorbic acid and mortality in men and women in EPIC-Norfolk prospective study: a prospective population study. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
    Khaw KT; Bingham S; Welch A; Luben R; Wareham N; Oakes S; Day N · Lancet (London, England) · 2001
    Cohort study19,496 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  38. Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults.
    Bjelakovic G; Gluud LL; Nikolova D; Whitfield K; Wetterslev J; Simonetti RG; Bjelakovic M; Gluud C · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014
    Meta-analysis95,286 participants159 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  39. Effect of vitamin D on gastrointestinal symptoms and health-related quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome patients: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.
    Abbasnezhad A; Amani R; Hajiani E; Alavinejad P; Cheraghian B; Ghadiri A · Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2018
    Randomized trial90 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin D
  40. The impact of vitamin D administration on mortality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Kow CS; Ramachandram DS; Hasan SS; Wong Z; Thiruchelvam K · Inflammopharmacology · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,495 participants19 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  41. Vitamin D Status and Mortality: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.
    Heath AK; Kim IY; Hodge AM; English DR; Muller DC · International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019
    Systematic review84 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  42. Meta-analysis of long-term vitamin D supplementation on overall mortality.
    Zheng Y; Zhu J; Zhou M; Cui L; Yao W; Liu Y · PloS one · 2014
    Meta-analysis42 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  43. Effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate and zinc chloride mouthwashes in the treatment of oral mucositis and quality of life in patients with cancer under chemotherapy.
    Mohammadi F; Oshvandi K; Kamallan SR; Khazaei S; Ranjbar H; Ahmadi-Motamayel F; Gillespie M; Jenabi E; Vafaei SY · Nursing open · 2022
    Randomized trial144 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  44. Zinc supplementation in young children with acute diarrhea in India.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Bhan MK; Bhandari N; Sinha A; Jalla S · The New England journal of medicine · 1995
    Randomized trial937 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  45. Associations of mortality with ocular disorders and an intervention of high-dose antioxidants and zinc in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS Report No. 13.
    Clemons TE; Kurinij N; Sperduto RD; AREDS Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2004
    Randomized trial4,753 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  46. Effects of zinc and probiotic co-supplementation on inflammation, gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life, and mood in irritable bowel syndrome patients.
    Rezazadegan M; Soheilipour M; Amani R · Scientific reports · 2026
    Randomized trial84 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  47. Effect of zinc sulfate supplementation on premenstrual syndrome and health-related quality of life: Clinical randomized controlled trial.
    Siahbazi S; Behboudi-Gandevani S; Moghaddam-Banaem L; Montazeri A · The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2018
    Randomized trial142 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  48. Reduction in Staphylococcus aureus growth and exotoxin production and in vaginal interleukin 8 levels due to glycerol monolaurate in tampons
    Kristi L Strandberg, Marnie L Peterson, Matthew M Schaefers, Laura C Case, Melinda C Pack, David J Chase, Patrick M Schlievert · Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2009
    Randomized trial225 participantsImmunity forMonolaurin
  49. Effects of selenium supplementation on selenoprotein gene expression and response to influenza vaccine challenge: a randomised controlled trial.
    Goldson AJ; Fairweather-Tait SJ; Armah CN; Bao Y; Broadley MR; Dainty JR; Furniss C; Hart DJ; Teucher B; Hurst R · PloS one · 2011
    Randomized trial119 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  50. Effect of selenium on immune response against hepatitis B vaccine with accelerated method in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.
    Janbakhsh A; Mansouri F; Vaziri S; Sayad B; Afsharian M; Rahimi M; Shahebrahimi K; Salari F · Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2013
    Randomized trial62 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  51. Chemoprevention trial of human hepatitis with selenium supplementation in China.
    Yu SY; Li WG; Zhu YJ; Yu WP; Hou C · Biological trace element research · 1990
    Non-randomized trial20,847 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  52. Selenium nanoparticles as adjunctive therapy in sepsis: A pilot randomized clinical trial.
    Gu WJ; Huang W; Zhao FZ; Yuan XK; Jin K; Chen JL; Zhang CY; Huang Y; He L; Zhuang H; Yin HY; Chen T · Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy · 2026
    Randomized trial70 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  53. Selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis decreases thyroid peroxidase antibodies concentrations.
    Gärtner R; Gasnier BC; Dietrich JW; Krebs B; Angstwurm MW · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2002
    Randomized trial70 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  54. Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.
    Sun L; Zhao JH; Fan WY; Feng B; Liu WW; Chen RQ; Ban C; Dang AG; Wang M; Luo KT; Zhou GY; Yu FF; Ba Y · Nutrition reviews · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,334 participants14 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  55. Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Abioye AI; Bromage S; Fawzi W · BMJ global health · 2021
    Meta-analysisImmunity forVitamin C
  56. New evidence for antioxidant properties of vitamin C.
    Vojdani A; Bazargan M; Vojdani E; Wright J · Cancer detection and prevention · 2001
    Randomized trial20 participantsImmunity forVitamin C
  57. Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults.
    Calder PC; Kreider RB; McKay DL · Nutrients · 2025
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  58. Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: individual participant data meta-analysis.
    Martineau AR; Jolliffe DA; Greenberg L; Aloia JF; Bergman P; Dubnov-Raz G; Esposito S; Ganmaa D; Ginde AA; Goodall EC; Grant CC; Janssens W; Jensen ME; Kerley CP; Laaksi I; Manaseki-Holland S; Mauger D; Murdoch DR; Neale R; Rees JR; Simpson S; Stelmach I; Trilok Kumar G; Urashima M; Camargo CA; Griffiths CJ; Hooper RL · Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2020
    Meta-analysis11,321 participants25 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  59. Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
    Zhu Z; Zhu X; Gu L; Zhan Y; Chen L; Li X · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Meta-analysis4,859 participants10 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  60. Vitamin D3 and deconvoluting a rash.
    Ernst MK; Evans ST; Techner JM; Rothbaum RM; Christensen LF; Onay UV; Biyashev D; Demczuk MM; Nguyen CV; Honda KS; McCormick TS; Tsoi LC; Gudjonsson JE; Cooper KD; Lu KQ · JCI insight · 2023
    Randomized trial28 participantsImmunity forVitamin D
  61. Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on cellular immunity and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU.
    Bychinin MV; Klypa TV; Mandel IA; Yusubalieva GM; Baklaushev VP; Kolyshkina NA; Troitsky AV · Scientific reports · 2022
    Randomized trial110 participantsImmunity forVitamin D
  62. Current opinion on the role of vitamin D supplementation in respiratory infections and asthma/COPD exacerbations: A need to establish publication guidelines for overcoming the unpublished data.
    Anitua E; Tierno R; Alkhraisat MH · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2022
    Meta-analysis50,554 participants65 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  63. Nutrient supplementation for prevention of viral respiratory tract infections in healthy subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Vlieg-Boerstra B; de Jong N; Meyer R; Agostoni C; De Cosmi V; Grimshaw K; Milani GP; Muraro A; Oude Elberink H; Pali-Schöll I; Roduit C; Sasaki M; Skypala I; Sokolowska M; van Splunter M; Untersmayr E; Venter C; O'Mahony L; Nwaru BI · Allergy · 2022
    Meta-analysis199,055 participants115 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  64. Zinc supplementation reduces the incidence of acute lower respiratory infections in infants and preschool children: a double-blind, controlled trial.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Jalla S; Mazumdar S; Sinha A; Bhan MK · Pediatrics · 1998
    Randomized trial609 participantsImmunity forZinc
  65. A randomized controlled trial of zinc supplementation in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infection in Thai children.
    Rerksuppaphol S; Rerksuppaphol L · Pediatric reports · 2020
    Randomized trial64 participantsImmunity forZinc
  66. The effect of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on immune response in an older population.
    Fortes C; Forastiere F; Agabiti N; Fano V; Pacifici R; Virgili F; Piras G; Guidi L; Bartoloni C; Tricerri A; Zuccaro P; Ebrahim S; Perucci CA · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 1998
    Randomized trial136 participantsImmunity forZinc
  67. The role of specific nutrients in preventing immune system and blood cell disorders: an umbrella review.
    Vecchietti A; Strano P; Minutolo G; Grieco V; Cappuccio G; Granvillano G; Confalonieri L; Briganti GL; Raso E; Chimienti M; Pellegrini M; Mercogliano M; Spatari G; Lugli C; Urbano T; Lorenzon A · Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2026
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  68. Comparative clinical trial of bifonazole solution versus selenium sulphide shampoo in the treatment of pityriasis versicolor.
    Chu AC · Dermatologica · 1985
    Randomized trial38 participantsSkin Health forSelenium
  69. Selenium supplementation and secondary prevention of nonmelanoma skin cancer in a randomized trial.
    Duffield-Lillico AJ; Slate EH; Reid ME; Turnbull BW; Wilkins PA; Combs GF; Park HK; Gross EG; Graham GF; Stratton MS; Marshall JR; Clark LC; Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Study Group · Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2003
    Randomized trial1,312 participantsSkin Health forSelenium
  70. Evidence-Based Nutritional Interventions in Wound Care.
    Saeg F; Orazi R; Bowers GM; Janis JE · Plastic and reconstructive surgery · 2021
    Systematic review2,339 participants36 studies pooledSkin Health forSelenium Skin Health forZinc
  71. A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial evaluating the effects of vitamin E and selenium on arsenic-induced skin lesions in Bangladesh.
    Verret WJ; Chen Y; Ahmed A; Islam T; Parvez F; Kibriya MG; Graziano JH; Ahsan H · Journal of occupational and environmental medicine · 2006
    Randomized trial121 participantsSkin Health forSelenium
  72. The Whitening, Moisturizing, Anti-aging Activities, and Skincare Evaluation of Selenium-Enriched Mung Bean Fermentation Broth.
    Wei K; Guo C; Zhu J; Wei Y; Wu M; Huang X; Zhang M; Li J; Wang X; Wang Y; Wei X · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Clinical trial31 participantsSkin Health forSelenium
  73. Evaluation of the anti-wrinkle effect of an ascorbic acid-loaded dissolving microneedle patch via a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study.
    Lee C; Yang H; Kim S; Kim M; Kang H; Kim N; An S; Koh J; Jung H · International journal of cosmetic science · 2017
    Randomized trial23 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  74. Comparative Study on the Outcome of Periorbital Wrinkles Treated with Laser-Assisted Delivery of Vitamin C or Vitamin C Plus Growth Factors: A Randomized, Double-blind, Clinical Trial.
    Machado BHB; Frame J; Zhang J; Najlah M · Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2021
    Randomized trial149 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  75. Randomized trial of topical ascorbic acid in DMSO versus imiquimod for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.
    Burke B; Bailie JE · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022
    Randomized trial25 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  76. Vitamin C improves healing of foot ulcers: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Gunton JE; Girgis CM; Lau T; Vicaretti M; Begg L; Flood V · The British journal of nutrition · 2022
    Randomized trial16 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  77. Dietary nutrient intakes and skin-aging appearance among middle-aged American women.
    Cosgrove MC; Franco OH; Granger SP; Murray PG; Mayes AE · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2007
    Cross-sectional study4,025 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  78. Sex-related differences in response to zinc pyrithione shampoo vs. non-anti-dandruff shampoo.
    Collins LZ; Baines FL; Matheson JR; Turner GA; Diao Y; Li Y; Pi Y · International journal of cosmetic science · 2019
    Meta-analysis2,088 participants20 studies pooledSkin Health forZinc
  79. Maintenance of an Acidic Skin Surface with a Novel Zinc Lactobionate Emollient Preparation Improves Skin Barrier Function in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis.
    Andrew PV; Pinnock A; Poyner A; Brown K; Chittock J; Kay LJ; Cork MJ; Danby SG · Dermatology and therapy · 2024
    Cohort study23 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  80. Spatial expression of metallothionein, matrix metalloproteinase-1 and Ki-67 in human epidermal wounds treated with zinc and determined by quantitative immunohistochemistry: A randomised double-blind trial.
    Ågren MS; Chafranska L; Eriksen JO; Forman JL; Bjerrum MJ; Schjerling P; Larsen HF; Cottarelli E; Jorgensen LN; Gjerdrum LMR · European journal of cell biology · 2021
    Randomized trial30 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  81. A pilot trial using topical regular crystalline insulin vs. aqueous zinc solution for uncomplicated cutaneous wound healing: Impact on quality of life.
    Attia EA; Belal DM; El Samahy MH; El Hamamsy MH · Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society · 2014
    Randomized trial90 participantsSkin Health forZinc
  82. Efficacy and safety of AZR-MD-001 selenium sulfide ophthalmic ointment in adults with meibomian gland dysfunction: A vehicle-controlled, randomized clinical trial.
    Watson SL; Jones LW; Stapleton F; Hinds M; Ng A; Tan J; Alster Y; Bosworth C; Rafaeli O; DePuy V; CELESTIAL STUDY Group · The ocular surface · 2026
    Randomized trial245 participantsVision Support forSelenium
  83. Efficacy and safety of AZR-MD-001 selenium sulfide ophthalmic ointment in adults with meibomian gland dysfunction over six months of treatment: A Phase 2, vehicle-controlled, randomized extension trial.
    Downie LE; Craig JP; Stapleton F; Tan J; Jones LW; Ng A; Hinds M; Bosworth C; Alster Y · The ocular surface · 2025
    Randomized trial245 participantsVision Support forSelenium
  84. AZR-MD-001 0.5% selenium sulfide ophthalmic ointment for the treatment of contact lens discomfort: A vehicle-controlled, randomized, clinical trial.
    Stapleton F; Hinds M; Tan J; Jones L; Chalmers R; Bosworth C; Alster Y · The ocular surface · 2025
    Randomized trial67 participantsVision Support forSelenium
  85. The effect of a biweekly novel selenium sulfide-containing topical treatment in symptomatic contact lens wearers: An exploratory study.
    Stapleton F; Jia T; DePuy V; Bosworth C; Gleeson M; Tan J · The ocular surface · 2025
    Randomized trial14 participantsVision Support forSelenium
  86. Role of Oral Vitamin 'C' on Astigmatic Errors in Phacoemulsification.
    Mohan S; Sah K; Khattri M; Ahmad L; Sachan SK · Current eye research · 2021
    Randomized trial400 participantsVision Support forVitamin C
  87. Ascorbic acid metabolites are involved in intraocular pressure control in the general population.
    Hysi PG; Khawaja AP; Menni C; Tamraz B; Wareham N; Khaw KT; Foster PJ; Benet LZ; Spector TD; Hammond CJ · Redox biology · 2019
    Observational studyVision Support forVitamin C
  88. Nutritional modulation of cataract.
    Weikel KA; Garber C; Baburins A; Taylor A · Nutrition reviews · 2014
    Narrative reviewVision Support forVitamin C
  89. Dietary n-3 Fatty Acid, α-Tocopherol, Zinc, vitamin D, vitamin C, and β-carotene are Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Japan.
    Aoki A; Inoue M; Nguyen E; Obata R; Kadonosono K; Shinkai S; Hashimoto H; Sasaki S; Yanagi Y · Scientific reports · 2017
    Case-control study530 participantsVision Support forVitamin C
  90. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet, lifestyle and age-related macular degeneration: the Coimbra Eye Study - report 3.
    Raimundo M; Mira F; Cachulo MDL; Barreto P; Ribeiro L; Farinha C; Laíns I; Nunes S; Alves D; Figueira J; Merle BM; Delcourt C; Santos L; Silva R · Acta ophthalmologica · 2019
    Case-control study883 participantsVision Support forVitamin C
  91. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for age-related macular degeneration.
    Evans JR · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2002
    Systematic review170 participants7 studies pooledVision Support forZinc
  92. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration.
    Evans JR; Lawrenson JG · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023
    Meta-analysis3,790 participants5 studies pooledVision Support forZinc
  93. Oral zinc in macular degeneration.
    Newsome DA; Swartz M; Leone NC; Elston RC; Miller E · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 1988
    Randomized trial151 participantsVision Support forZinc
  94. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8.
    Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2001
    Randomized trial3,640 participantsVision Support forZinc
  95. Effect of vitamin A and zinc supplementation on the nutriture of children in Northeast Thailand.
    Udomkesmalee E; Dhanamitta S; Sirisinha S; Charoenkiatkul S; Tuntipopipat S; Banjong O; Rojroongwasinkul N; Kramer TR; Smith JC · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1992
    Randomized trial133 participantsVision Support forZinc