Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.
- Creatine for treating muscle disorders.
Kley RA; Tarnopolsky MA; Vorgerd M · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2011
Meta-analysis364 participants14 studies pooledflagMuscle Gain forscienceCreatine
- Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation Does Not Augment Fitness, Performance, or Body Composition Adaptations in Response to Four Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training in Young Females.
Forbes SC; Sletten N; Durrer C; Myette-Côté É; Candow D; Little JP · International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism · 2017
Randomized trial17 participantsflagFitness forscienceCreatine
- The Effect of Creatine Supplementation on Lean Body Mass with and Without Resistance Training.
Desai I; Pandit A; Smith-Ryan AE; Simar D; Candow DG; Kaakoush NO; Hagstrom AD · Nutrients · 2025
Randomized trial63 participantsflagWeight Gain forscienceCreatine
- Effect of creatine loading on endurance capacity and sprint power in cyclists.
Vandebuerie F; Vanden Eynde B; Vandenberghe K; Hespel P · International journal of sports medicine · 1999
Randomized trial12 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCreatine
- Creatine supplementation and VO2max: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Gras D; Lanhers C; Bagheri R; Ugbolue UC; Coudeyre E; Pereira B; Zak M; Bouillon-Minois JB; Dutheil F · Critical reviews in food science and nutrition · 2023
Meta-analysis424 participants19 studies pooledflagFitness forscienceCreatine
- The effects of creatine ethyl ester supplementation combined with heavy resistance training on body composition, muscle performance, and serum and muscle creatine levels.
Spillane M; Schoch R; Cooke M; Harvey T; Greenwood M; Kreider R; Willoughby DS · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2011
Randomized trial30 participantsflagWeight Gain forscienceCreatine
- Creatine supplementation does not add to resistance training effects in prostate cancer patients under androgen deprivation therapy: A double-blind randomized trial.
Fairman CM; Kendall KL; Newton RU; Hart NH; Taaffe DR; Lopez P; Chee R; Tang CI; Galvão DA · Journal of science and medicine in sport · 2025
Randomized trial30 participantsflagMuscle Gain forscienceCreatine
- Effect of oral creatine supplementation on power output and fatigue during bicycle ergometry.
Cooke WH; Grandjean PW; Barnes WS · Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 1995
Randomized trial12 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCreatine
- The Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Upper- and Lower-Body Strength and Power: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Kazeminasab F; Kerchi AB; Sharafifard F; Zarreh M; Forbes SC; Camera DM; Lanhers C; Wong A; Nordvall M; Bagheri R; Dutheil F · Nutrients · 2025
Meta-analysis1,937 participants69 studies pooledflagFitness forscienceCreatine
- The Effect of Creatine Supplementation on Resistance Training-Based Changes to Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Desai I; Wewege MA; Jones MD; Clifford BK; Pandit A; Kaakoush NO; Simar D; Hagstrom AD · Journal of strength and conditioning research · 2025
Meta-analysis362 participants12 studies pooledflagMuscle Gain flagWeight Gain forscienceCreatine
- Creatine supplementation during resistance training in older adults-a meta-analysis.
Devries MC; Phillips SM · Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2014
Meta-analysis357 participantsflagMuscle Gain flagWeight Gain flagAnti-Aging forscienceCreatine
- Synergistic effects of creatine, carbs, protein on repeated sprint performance.
Wang Y; Wei H; Cheng X; Chen Z · Scientific reports · 2026
Randomized trial60 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCreatine
- Effects of Creatine Supplementation and Resistance Training on Muscle Strength Gains in Adults <50 Years of Age: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Wang Z; Qiu B; Li R; Han Y; Petersen C; Liu S; Zhang Y; Liu C; Candow DG; Del Coso J · Nutrients · 2024
Meta-analysis509 participants23 studies pooledflagMuscle Gain forscienceCreatine
- Effects of oral creatine supplementation on muscular strength and body composition.
Becque MD; Lochmann JD; Melrose DR · Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2000
Randomized trial23 participantsflagWeight Gain flagMuscle Gain forscienceCreatine
- Effects of creatine supplementation and exercise training on fitness in men 55-75 yr old.
Eijnde BO; Van Leemputte M; Goris M; Labarque V; Taes Y; Verbessem P; Vanhees L; Ramaekers M; Vanden Eynde B; Van Schuylenbergh R; Dom R; Richter EA; Hespel P · Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2004
Randomized trial46 participantsflagFitness forscienceCreatine
- The Effects of Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Recovery from Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial Considering Sex and Age Differences.
Yamaguchi S; Inami T; Nishioka T; Morito A; Ishiyama K; Murayama M · Nutrients · 2025
Randomized trial40 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCreatine
- Effect of creatine supplementation during resistance training on lean tissue mass and muscular strength in older adults: a meta-analysis.
Chilibeck PD; Kaviani M; Candow DG; Zello GA · Open access journal of sports medicine · 2020
Meta-analysis721 participants22 studies pooledflagMuscle Gain flagAnti-Aging forscienceCreatine
- Effects of Combined Versus Single Supplementation of Creatine, Beta-Alanine, and L-Citrulline During Short Sprint Interval Training on Basketball Players' Performance: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.
Li M; Sheykhlouvand M · International journal of sports physiology and performance · 2025
Randomized trial48 participantsflagFitness forscienceCreatine
- Short-Term Creatine Supplementation and Repeated Sprint Ability-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Glaister M; Rhodes L · International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism · 2022
Meta-analysis14 studies pooledflagWeight Gain forscienceCreatine
- Creatine supplementation attenuates the rate of fatigue development during intermittent isometric exercise performed above end-test torque.
Abdalla LHP; Broxterman RM; Greco CC; Denadai BS · Experimental physiology · 2021
Randomized trial16 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCreatine
- The Additive Effects of Creatine Supplementation and Exercise Training in an Aging Population: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Stares A; Bains M · Journal of geriatric physical therapy (2001) · 2021
Systematic review17 studies pooledflagFitness forscienceCreatine
- Effects of six-month creatine supplementation on patient- and clinician-reported outcomes, and tissue creatine levels in patients with post-COVID-19 fatigue syndrome.
Slankamenac J; Ranisavljev M; Todorovic N; Ostojic J; Stajer V; Ostojic SM · Food science & nutrition · 2024
Randomized trial12 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCreatine
- The Effects of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Regional Measures of Muscle Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.
Burke R; Piñero A; Coleman M; Mohan A; Sapuppo M; Augustin F; Aragon AA; Candow DG; Forbes SC; Swinton P; Schoenfeld BJ · Nutrients · 2023
Meta-analysis10 studies pooledflagMuscle Gain forscienceCreatine
- Effect of creatine and weight training on muscle creatine and performance in vegetarians.
Burke DG; Chilibeck PD; Parise G; Candow DG; Mahoney D; Tarnopolsky M · Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2004
Randomized trial42 participantsflagFitness forscienceCreatine
- Performance and muscle fiber adaptations to creatine supplementation and heavy resistance training.
Volek JS; Duncan ND; Mazzetti SA; Staron RS; Putukian M; Gómez AL; Pearson DR; Fink WJ; Kraemer WJ · Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 1999
Randomized trial19 participantsflagWeight Gain forscienceCreatine
- The effect of continuous low dose creatine supplementation on force, power, and total work.
Burke DG; Silver S; Holt LE; Smith Palmer T; Culligan CJ; Chilibeck PD · International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism · 2000
Randomized trial41 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCreatine
- Comparative Effects of Dietary Protein, Creatine, and Omega-3 Supplementation on Muscle Strength, Endurance, and Recovery in Trained Athletes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Wang Z; Qin G; Kim BM · Nutrients · 2026
Meta-analysis1,211 participants35 studies pooledflagMuscle Gain forscienceCreatine
- Long-term creatine intake is beneficial to muscle performance during resistance training.
Vandenberghe K; Goris M; Van Hecke P; Van Leemputte M; Vangerven L; Hespel P · Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 1998
Randomized trial19 participantsflagFitness forscienceCreatine
- Effect of creatine supplementation on body composition and performance: a meta-analysis.
Branch JD · International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism · 2003
Meta-analysis100 studies pooledflagWeight Gain forscienceCreatine
- Creatine supplementation and physical training in patients with COPD: a double blind, placebo-controlled study.
Faager G; Söderlund K; Sköld CM; Rundgren S; Tollbäck A; Jakobsson P · International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2008
Randomized trial23 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCreatine
- The impact of creatine supplementation associated with resistance training on muscular strength and lean tissue mass in the aged: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Liu S; Huang N; Wu W; OuYang X; Luo Y; Zhong Y; Wang M; Xiao L · European review of aging and physical activity : official journal of the European Group for Research into Elderly and Physical Activity · 2026
Meta-analysis482 participants8 studies pooledflagMuscle Gain forscienceCreatine
- Creatine in combination with resistance training and improvement in muscle strength: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
Guideline / consensusflagFitness forscienceCreatine
- Comparison of creatine monohydrate and carbohydrate supplementation on repeated jump height performance.
Koenig CA; Benardot D; Cody M; Thompson WR · Journal of strength and conditioning research · 2008
Randomized trial60 participantsflagWeight Gain forscienceCreatine
- Dietary creatine supplementation and muscular adaptation to resistive overload.
Stevenson SW; Dudley GA · Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2001
Randomized trial18 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCreatine
- Creatine supplementation combined with resistance training in older men.
Chrusch MJ; Chilibeck PD; Chad KE; Davison KS; Burke DG · Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2002
Randomized trial30 participantsflagFitness forscienceCreatine
- Effects of creatine supplementation on body composition, strength, and sprint performance.
Kreider RB; Ferreira M; Wilson M; Grindstaff P; Plisk S; Reinardy J; Cantler E; Almada AL · Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 1998
Randomized trial25 participantsflagWeight Gain forscienceCreatine
- Effects of Creatine and Sodium Bicarbonate Coingestion on Multiple Indices of Mechanical Power Output During Repeated Wingate Tests in Trained Men.
Griffen C; Rogerson D; Ranchordas M; Ruddock A · International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism · 2016
Randomized trial9 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCreatine
- Strategic creatine supplementation and resistance training in healthy older adults.
Candow DG; Vogt E; Johannsmeyer S; Forbes SC; Farthing JP · Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme · 2016
Randomized trial39 participantsflagAnti-Aging flagWeight Gain forscienceCreatine
- Changes in Fat Mass Following Creatine Supplementation and Resistance Training in Adults ≥50 Years of Age: A Meta-Analysis.
Forbes SC; Candow DG; Krentz JR; Roberts MD; Young KC · Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2021
Meta-analysis609 participants19 studies pooledflagAnti-Aging forscienceCreatine
- Creatine supplementation improves muscular performance in older men.
Gotshalk LA; Volek JS; Staron RS; Denegar CR; Hagerman FC; Kraemer WJ · Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2002
Randomized trial18 participantsflagAnti-Aging forscienceCreatine
- Effects of Creatine Monohydrate Loading on Sleep Metrics, Physical Performance, Cognitive Function, and Recovery in Physically Active Men: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.
Ben Maaoui K; Delleli S; Mahdi N; Jebabli A; Del Coso J; Chtourou H; Ardigò LP; Ouergui I · Nutrients · 2025
Randomized trial14 participantsflagCognitive Support forscienceCreatine
- Creatine supplementation enhances corticomotor excitability and cognitive performance during oxygen deprivation.
Turner CE; Byblow WD; Gant N · The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2015
Randomized trial15 participantsflagCognitive Support flagProductivity Boost forscienceCreatine
- The effects of creatine supplementation on cognitive performance-a randomised controlled study.
Sandkühler JF; Kersting X; Faust A; Königs EK; Altman G; Ettinger U; Lux S; Philipsen A; Müller H; Brauner J · BMC medicine · 2023
Randomized trial123 participantsflagCognitive Support flagProductivity Boost forscienceCreatine
- Acute creatine supplementation enhances technical performance in adolescent basketball players under cognitive-motor dual-task condition.
Wu J; Qiu P; Li Y · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025
Randomized trial40 participantsflagCognitive Support forscienceCreatine
- Effects of creatine supplementation on memory in healthy individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Prokopidis K; Giannos P; Triantafyllidis KK; Kechagias KS; Forbes SC; Candow DG · Nutrition reviews · 2023
Meta-analysis225 participants10 studies pooledflagCognitive Support forscienceCreatine
- The Effect of Prior Creatine Intake for 28 Days on Accelerated Recovery from Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
Yamaguchi S; Inami T; Ishida H; Morito A; Yamada S; Nagata N; Murayama M · Nutrients · 2024
Randomized trial20 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCreatine
- Creatine supplementation and cognitive performance in elderly individuals.
McMorris T; Mielcarz G; Harris RC; Swain JP; Howard A · Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition · 2008
Randomized trial32 participantsflagProductivity Boost forscienceCreatine
- Single dose creatine improves cognitive performance and induces changes in cerebral high energy phosphates during sleep deprivation.
Gordji-Nejad A; Matusch A; Kleedörfer S; Jayeshkumar Patel H; Drzezga A; Elmenhorst D; Binkofski F; Bauer A · Scientific reports · 2024
Randomized trialflagProductivity Boost forscienceCreatine
- Dietary supplementation of creatine monohydrate reduces the human fMRI BOLD signal.
Hammett ST; Wall MB; Edwards TC; Smith AT · Neuroscience letters · 2010
Non-randomized trialflagProductivity Boost forscienceCreatine