Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.
- Vitamin C and contribution to the normal function of the immune system: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
Guideline / consensusflagImmunity forscienceVitamin C
- Effect of Vitamin C Supplements on Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Keya TA; Leela A; Fernandez K; Habib N; Rashid M · Current reviews in clinical and experimental pharmacology · 2022
Meta-analysis10 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceVitamin C
- Vitamin C for the management of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Abid H; Mushtaq I; Munir ABI; Shakil J; Vinjamuri S; Tadasare N; Kiran F; Muhammad Wali Mirza A; Fatima Khidri F; Shahid A; Ayyan M; Ehsan M; Cheema HA; Alsubari AMA; Sahra S; Siddiqi NI · Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026
Meta-analysis9 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceVitamin C
- Efficacy of Vitamin C as Glucocorticoid Substitute for Reducing Pain and Inflammation After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Jiang W; Xu H; Jiang X; Zhan Y; Ju Y; Xie J; Huang Z; Huang Q; Pei F · The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume · 2025
Randomized trial107 participantsflagAnti-Inflammatory Support forscienceVitamin C
- Effects of vitamin C on oxidative stress, inflammation, muscle soreness, and strength following acute exercise: meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials.
Righi NC; Schuch FB; De Nardi AT; Pippi CM; de Almeida Righi G; Puntel GO; da Silva AMV; Signori LU · European journal of nutrition · 2021
Meta-analysis313 participants18 studies pooledflagAnti-Inflammatory Support forscienceVitamin C
- A High Vitamin C Micronutrient Supplement Is Unable to Attenuate Inflammation in People with Metabolic Syndrome but May Improve Metabolic Health Indices: A Randomised Controlled Trial.
Vlasiuk E; Zawari M; Whitehead R; Williman J; Carr AC · Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
Randomized trial72 participantsflagAnti-Inflammatory Support forscienceVitamin C
- Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Hox Alpha, a Dry Extract from Stinging Nettle Leaves versus OTC NSAIDs in Osteoarthritis: A Retrospective, Propensity-Matched 12-Week Analysis from the German Pain e-Registry (SIPHARO Study).
Überall MA; Küster MA; Müller-Schwefe PCG; Müller-Schwefe GHH · Journal of pain research · 2026
Cohort study2,146 participantsflagAnti-Inflammatory Support forscienceStinging Nettle
- [Recommendations of the DGRh Committee on Complementary Medicine and Nutrition on the application of selected phytotherapeutic drugs and herbal medicines in rheumatology].
Keyßer G; Seifert O; Frohne I; Michalsen A; Pfeil A; Reuß-Borst M; Sander O · Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2025
Guideline / consensusflagAnti-Inflammatory Support forscienceStinging Nettle
- Placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial on the immunomodulating activities of low- and high-dose bromelain after oral administration - new evidence on the antiinflammatory mode of action of bromelain.
Müller S; März R; Schmolz M; Drewelow B; Eschmann K; Meiser P · Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2013
Randomized trial12 participantsflagAnti-Inflammatory Support flagGeneral Health flagImmunity forscienceBromelain
- Is bromelain an effective drug for the control of pain and inflammation associated with impacted third molar surgery? Systematic review and meta-analysis.
de A C Almeida R; de Sousa Lima FCM; do E Vasconcelos BC · International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2019
Meta-analysis252 participants5 studies pooledflagAnti-Inflammatory Support forscienceBromelain
- Effect of Oral Administration of Bromelain on Postoperative Discomfort After Third Molar Surgery.
Ghensi P; Cucchi A; Creminelli L; Tomasi C; Zavan B; Maiorana C · The Journal of craniofacial surgery · 2018
Randomized trial84 participantsflagAnti-Inflammatory Support forscienceBromelain
- Therapeutic efficacy of bromelain in impacted third molar surgery: a randomized controlled clinical study.
Ordesi P; Pisoni L; Nannei P; Macchi M; Borloni R; Siervo S · Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985) · 2016
Randomized trial80 participantsflagAnti-Inflammatory Support forscienceBromelain
- Efficacy of proteolytic enzyme bromelain on health outcomes after third molar surgery. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
Mendes ML; do Nascimento-Júnior EM; Reinheimer DM; Martins-Filho PR · Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2019
Meta-analysis6 studies pooledflagAnti-Inflammatory Support flagGeneral Health forscienceBromelain
- An Evaluation of the Effects of Pineapple-Extract and Bromelain-Based Treatment after Mandibular Third Molar Surgery: A Randomized Three-Arm Clinical Study.
Colletti A; Procchio C; Pisano M; Martelli A; Pellizzato M; Cravotto G · Nutrients · 2024
Randomized trial42 participantsflagAnti-Inflammatory Support forscienceBromelain
- Therapeutic uses of pineapple-extracted bromelain in surgical care - A review.
Muhammad ZA; Ahmad T · JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association · 2019
Narrative reviewflagAnti-Inflammatory Support forscienceBromelain
- The effect of hydro alcoholic Nettle (Urtica dioica) extracts on insulin sensitivity and some inflammatory indicators in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized double-blind control trial.
Namazi N; Esfanjani AT; Heshmati J; Bahrami A · Pakistan journal of biological sciences : PJBS · 2012
Randomized trial50 participantsflagAnti-Inflammatory Support forscienceStinging Nettle
- Urtica Dioica Root Extract on Clinical and Biochemical Parameters in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Randomized Controlled Trial.
Akbar Karami A; Sheikhsoleimani M; Reza Memarzadeh M; Haddadi E; Bakhshpour M; Mohammadi N; Mehdi Mirhashemi S · Pakistan journal of biological sciences : PJBS · 2021
Randomized trial60 participantsflagAnti-Inflammatory Support forscienceStinging Nettle
- Randomized controlled trial of nettle sting for treatment of base-of-thumb pain
C Randall, H Randall, F Dobbs, C Hutton, H Sanders · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · 2000
Randomized trial27 participantsflagAnti-Inflammatory Support forscienceStinging Nettle
- The role of enzyme supplementation in digestive disorders.
Roxas M · Alternative medicine review : a journal of clinical therapeutic · 2009
Narrative reviewflagDigestive Health forscienceBromelain
- Effects of bromelain supplementation on disease activity and quality of life in patients with ulcerative colitis: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Delgarm P; Mokhtare M; Ebrahimi Daryani N; Abolghasemi J; Rahideh ST · Scientific reports · 2025
Randomized trial70 participantsflagDigestive Health forscienceBromelain
- Perioperative bromelain reduces pain and swelling and improves quality of life measures after mandibular third molar surgery: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Majid OW; Al-Mashhadani BA · Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons · 2014
Randomized trial45 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceBromelain
- Bromelain-based enzymatic burn debridement: A systematic review of clinical studies on patient safety, efficacy and long-term outcomes.
Shoham Y; Gasteratos K; Singer AJ; Krieger Y; Silberstein E; Goverman J · International wound journal · 2023
Systematic review34 studies pooledflagGeneral Health forscienceBromelain
- Bromelain reduces mild acute knee pain and improves well-being in a dose-dependent fashion in an open study of otherwise healthy adults.
Walker AF; Bundy R; Hicks SM; Middleton RW · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology · 2003
Randomized trial77 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceBromelain
- Dietary intake and blood concentrations of antioxidants and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Aune D; Keum N; Giovannucci E; Fadnes LT; Boffetta P; Greenwood DC; Tonstad S; Vatten LJ; Riboli E; Norat T · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019
Meta-analysis69 studies pooledflagGeneral Health forscienceVitamin C
- Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to vitamin C and increasing non haem iron absorption pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
Guideline / consensusflagGeneral Health forscienceVitamin C
- Vitamin C Depletion and All-Cause Mortality in Renal Transplant Recipients.
Sotomayor CG; Eisenga MF; Gomes Neto AW; Ozyilmaz A; Gans ROB; Jong WHA; Zelle DM; Berger SP; Gaillard CAJM; Navis GJ; Bakker SJ · Nutrients · 2018
Cohort study598 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceVitamin C
- Associations of Serum Biomarkers of Fruit and Vegetable Intake With the Risk of Cause-Specific Mortality and All-Cause Mortality: A National Prospective Cohort Study.
Pu L; Zhang R; Wang X; Zhao T; Sun H; Han L · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
Cohort study12,530 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceVitamin C
- Relation between plasma ascorbic acid and mortality in men and women in EPIC-Norfolk prospective study: a prospective population study. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
Khaw KT; Bingham S; Welch A; Luben R; Wareham N; Oakes S; Day N · Lancet (London, England) · 2001
Cohort study19,496 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceVitamin C
- Effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate and zinc chloride mouthwashes in the treatment of oral mucositis and quality of life in patients with cancer under chemotherapy.
Mohammadi F; Oshvandi K; Kamallan SR; Khazaei S; Ranjbar H; Ahmadi-Motamayel F; Gillespie M; Jenabi E; Vafaei SY · Nursing open · 2022
Randomized trial144 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceZinc
- Zinc supplementation in young children with acute diarrhea in India.
Sazawal S; Black RE; Bhan MK; Bhandari N; Sinha A; Jalla S · The New England journal of medicine · 1995
Randomized trial937 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceZinc
- Associations of mortality with ocular disorders and an intervention of high-dose antioxidants and zinc in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS Report No. 13.
Clemons TE; Kurinij N; Sperduto RD; AREDS Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2004
Randomized trial4,753 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceZinc
- Effects of zinc and probiotic co-supplementation on inflammation, gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life, and mood in irritable bowel syndrome patients.
Rezazadegan M; Soheilipour M; Amani R · Scientific reports · 2026
Randomized trial84 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceZinc
- Effect of zinc sulfate supplementation on premenstrual syndrome and health-related quality of life: Clinical randomized controlled trial.
Siahbazi S; Behboudi-Gandevani S; Moghaddam-Banaem L; Montazeri A · The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2018
Randomized trial142 participantsflagGeneral Health forscienceZinc
- Hypomagnesemia Is a Risk Factor for Infections after Kidney Transplantation: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis.
Odler B; Deak AT; Pregartner G; Riedl R; Bozic J; Trummer C; Prenner A; Söllinger L; Krall M; Höflechner L; Hebesberger C; Boxler MS; Berghold A; Schemmer P; Pilz S; Rosenkranz AR · Nutrients · 2021
Cohort study376 participantsflagImmunity forscienceMagnesium
- Higher Intake of Dietary Magnesium Is Inversely Associated With COVID-19 Severity and Symptoms in Hospitalized Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Nouri-Majd S; Ebrahimzadeh A; Mousavi SM; Zargarzadeh N; Eslami M; Santos HO; Taghizadeh M; Milajerdi A · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
Cross-sectional study250 participantsflagImmunity forscienceMagnesium
- Mg2+ regulates cytotoxic functions of NK and CD8 T cells in chronic EBV infection through NKG2D.
Chaigne-Delalande B; Li FY; O'Connor GM; Lukacs MJ; Jiang P; Zheng L; Shatzer A; Biancalana M; Pittaluga S; Matthews HF; Jancel TJ; Bleesing JJ; Marsh RA; Kuijpers TW; Nichols KE; Lucas CL; Nagpal S; Mehmet H; Su HC; Cohen JI; Uzel G; Lenardo MJ · Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2013
Single-arm trialflagImmunity forscienceMagnesium
- Effect of magnesium on granulocyte function and on the exercise induced inflammatory response.
Mooren FC; Golf SW; Völker K · Magnesium research · 2003
Randomized trialflagImmunity forscienceMagnesium
- Maternal and neonatal outcomes following magnesium sulfate in the setting of chorioamnionitis: a meta-analysis.
Pergialiotis V; Sapantzoglou I; Rodolaki K; Varthaliti A; Theodora M; Antsaklis P; Thomakos N; Stavros S; Daskalakis G; Papapanagiotou A · Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024
Meta-analysis6,559 participants8 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceMagnesium
- Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.
Sun L; Zhao JH; Fan WY; Feng B; Liu WW; Chen RQ; Ban C; Dang AG; Wang M; Luo KT; Zhou GY; Yu FF; Ba Y · Nutrition reviews · 2024
Meta-analysis2,334 participants14 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceVitamin C
- Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Abioye AI; Bromage S; Fawzi W · BMJ global health · 2021
Meta-analysisflagImmunity forscienceVitamin C
- New evidence for antioxidant properties of vitamin C.
Vojdani A; Bazargan M; Vojdani E; Wright J · Cancer detection and prevention · 2001
Randomized trial20 participantsflagImmunity forscienceVitamin C
- Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults.
Calder PC; Kreider RB; McKay DL · Nutrients · 2025
Systematic review13 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceVitamin C
- Nutrient supplementation for prevention of viral respiratory tract infections in healthy subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Vlieg-Boerstra B; de Jong N; Meyer R; Agostoni C; De Cosmi V; Grimshaw K; Milani GP; Muraro A; Oude Elberink H; Pali-Schöll I; Roduit C; Sasaki M; Skypala I; Sokolowska M; van Splunter M; Untersmayr E; Venter C; O'Mahony L; Nwaru BI · Allergy · 2022
Meta-analysis199,055 participants115 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceZinc
- Zinc supplementation reduces the incidence of acute lower respiratory infections in infants and preschool children: a double-blind, controlled trial.
Sazawal S; Black RE; Jalla S; Mazumdar S; Sinha A; Bhan MK · Pediatrics · 1998
Randomized trial609 participantsflagImmunity forscienceZinc
- A randomized controlled trial of zinc supplementation in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infection in Thai children.
Rerksuppaphol S; Rerksuppaphol L · Pediatric reports · 2020
Randomized trial64 participantsflagImmunity forscienceZinc
- The effect of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on immune response in an older population.
Fortes C; Forastiere F; Agabiti N; Fano V; Pacifici R; Virgili F; Piras G; Guidi L; Bartoloni C; Tricerri A; Zuccaro P; Ebrahim S; Perucci CA · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 1998
Randomized trial136 participantsflagImmunity forscienceZinc
- The role of specific nutrients in preventing immune system and blood cell disorders: an umbrella review.
Vecchietti A; Strano P; Minutolo G; Grieco V; Cappuccio G; Granvillano G; Confalonieri L; Briganti GL; Raso E; Chimienti M; Pellegrini M; Mercogliano M; Spatari G; Lugli C; Urbano T; Lorenzon A · Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2026
Systematic review13 studies pooledflagImmunity forscienceZinc
- Evaluation of the anti-wrinkle effect of an ascorbic acid-loaded dissolving microneedle patch via a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study.
Lee C; Yang H; Kim S; Kim M; Kang H; Kim N; An S; Koh J; Jung H · International journal of cosmetic science · 2017
Randomized trial23 participantsflagSkin Health forscienceVitamin C
- Comparative Study on the Outcome of Periorbital Wrinkles Treated with Laser-Assisted Delivery of Vitamin C or Vitamin C Plus Growth Factors: A Randomized, Double-blind, Clinical Trial.
Machado BHB; Frame J; Zhang J; Najlah M · Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2021
Randomized trial149 participantsflagSkin Health forscienceVitamin C
- Randomized trial of topical ascorbic acid in DMSO versus imiquimod for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.
Burke B; Bailie JE · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022
Randomized trial25 participantsflagSkin Health forscienceVitamin C
- Vitamin C improves healing of foot ulcers: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Gunton JE; Girgis CM; Lau T; Vicaretti M; Begg L; Flood V · The British journal of nutrition · 2022
Randomized trial16 participantsflagSkin Health forscienceVitamin C
- Dietary nutrient intakes and skin-aging appearance among middle-aged American women.
Cosgrove MC; Franco OH; Granger SP; Murray PG; Mayes AE · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2007
Cross-sectional study4,025 participantsflagSkin Health forscienceVitamin C
- Sex-related differences in response to zinc pyrithione shampoo vs. non-anti-dandruff shampoo.
Collins LZ; Baines FL; Matheson JR; Turner GA; Diao Y; Li Y; Pi Y · International journal of cosmetic science · 2019
Meta-analysis2,088 participants20 studies pooledflagSkin Health forscienceZinc
- Maintenance of an Acidic Skin Surface with a Novel Zinc Lactobionate Emollient Preparation Improves Skin Barrier Function in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis.
Andrew PV; Pinnock A; Poyner A; Brown K; Chittock J; Kay LJ; Cork MJ; Danby SG · Dermatology and therapy · 2024
Cohort study23 participantsflagSkin Health forscienceZinc
- Spatial expression of metallothionein, matrix metalloproteinase-1 and Ki-67 in human epidermal wounds treated with zinc and determined by quantitative immunohistochemistry: A randomised double-blind trial.
Ågren MS; Chafranska L; Eriksen JO; Forman JL; Bjerrum MJ; Schjerling P; Larsen HF; Cottarelli E; Jorgensen LN; Gjerdrum LMR · European journal of cell biology · 2021
Randomized trial30 participantsflagSkin Health forscienceZinc
- A pilot trial using topical regular crystalline insulin vs. aqueous zinc solution for uncomplicated cutaneous wound healing: Impact on quality of life.
Attia EA; Belal DM; El Samahy MH; El Hamamsy MH · Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society · 2014
Randomized trial90 participantsflagSkin Health forscienceZinc
- Evidence-Based Nutritional Interventions in Wound Care.
Saeg F; Orazi R; Bowers GM; Janis JE · Plastic and reconstructive surgery · 2021
Systematic review2,339 participants36 studies pooledflagSkin Health forscienceZinc
- Role of Oral Vitamin 'C' on Astigmatic Errors in Phacoemulsification.
Mohan S; Sah K; Khattri M; Ahmad L; Sachan SK · Current eye research · 2021
Randomized trial400 participantsflagVision Support forscienceVitamin C
- Ascorbic acid metabolites are involved in intraocular pressure control in the general population.
Hysi PG; Khawaja AP; Menni C; Tamraz B; Wareham N; Khaw KT; Foster PJ; Benet LZ; Spector TD; Hammond CJ · Redox biology · 2019
Observational studyflagVision Support forscienceVitamin C
- Nutritional modulation of cataract.
Weikel KA; Garber C; Baburins A; Taylor A · Nutrition reviews · 2014
Narrative reviewflagVision Support forscienceVitamin C
- Dietary n-3 Fatty Acid, α-Tocopherol, Zinc, vitamin D, vitamin C, and β-carotene are Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Japan.
Aoki A; Inoue M; Nguyen E; Obata R; Kadonosono K; Shinkai S; Hashimoto H; Sasaki S; Yanagi Y · Scientific reports · 2017
Case-control study530 participantsflagVision Support forscienceVitamin C
- Adherence to a Mediterranean diet, lifestyle and age-related macular degeneration: the Coimbra Eye Study - report 3.
Raimundo M; Mira F; Cachulo MDL; Barreto P; Ribeiro L; Farinha C; Laíns I; Nunes S; Alves D; Figueira J; Merle BM; Delcourt C; Santos L; Silva R · Acta ophthalmologica · 2019
Case-control study883 participantsflagVision Support forscienceVitamin C
- Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for age-related macular degeneration.
Evans JR · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2002
Systematic review170 participants7 studies pooledflagVision Support forscienceZinc
- Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration.
Evans JR; Lawrenson JG · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023
Meta-analysis3,790 participants5 studies pooledflagVision Support forscienceZinc
- Oral zinc in macular degeneration.
Newsome DA; Swartz M; Leone NC; Elston RC; Miller E · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 1988
Randomized trial151 participantsflagVision Support forscienceZinc
- A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8.
Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2001
Randomized trial3,640 participantsflagVision Support forscienceZinc
- Effect of vitamin A and zinc supplementation on the nutriture of children in Northeast Thailand.
Udomkesmalee E; Dhanamitta S; Sirisinha S; Charoenkiatkul S; Tuntipopipat S; Banjong O; Rojroongwasinkul N; Kramer TR; Smith JC · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1992
Randomized trial133 participantsflagVision Support forscienceZinc