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Multivitamin with Omega-3

Nature Made Kids First
4.5
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(60 ratings)
Vitamin D 1000 IU
Vitamin A 1250 IU
Vitamin E 10 IU
Folate 200 mcg
Fish Oil 113.5 mg
Product Image
Score67
Best suited to immunity, with the clearest benefits coming from the disclosed active ingredients. Vitamin D is meaningful, but Vitamin C and zinc are well below adult targeted amounts.
How scoring works
Quantity:70 Gummy(ies) • (70 servings)
Goals:
Immunity
General Health
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Energy

Score 67

Best suited to immunity, with the clearest benefits coming from the disclosed active ingredients. Vitamin D is meaningful, but Vitamin C and zinc are well below adult targeted amounts.
How scoring works
$10.87($0.15 per serving)
Vitacost
$ 10.87
Walmart
$ 13.18
Report prices

Analysis

Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin C, and zinc provide broad child-oriented immune nutrition. Vitamin D is meaningful, but Vitamin C and zinc are well below adult targeted amounts. The gummy format is convenient but lacks a disclosed lipid base for fat-soluble vitamins.

The gummy provides broad children’s vitamins and a small omega-3 contribution. Those nutrients may support general health when diet is incomplete. No fiber, probiotic, digestive enzyme, glutamine, ginger, or therapeutic magnesium amount supports gastrointestinal function.

Cholecalciferol provides the preferred vitamin D form. The gummy lacks an identified fat source to support absorption. The 1,000 IU serving is suitable for routine maintenance, and cost efficiency is weak for the amount of vitamin d supplied.

Who is it for
  • People seeking immunity support
  • People seeking general health support
  • People seeking anti-inflammatory support support
Best for
  • Immunity
  • General Health
  • Anti-Inflammatory Support

Pros

  • Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin C, and zinc provide broad child-oriented immune nutrition.
  • The gummy combines several vitamins with vitamin D, folic acid, zinc, and fish oil for broad basic coverage.
  • Vitamin D is the clearest foundational strength in the formula.
  • Vitamin D3 supplies the clearest anti-inflammatory support through immune regulation.
  • The gummy offers broad nutritional coverage rather than a targeted anti-inflammatory formula.

Cons

  • Vitamin D is meaningful, but Vitamin C and zinc are well below adult targeted amounts.
  • The gummy format is convenient but lacks a disclosed lipid base for fat-soluble vitamins.
  • Synthetic Vitamin E, zinc sulfate, added carbohydrate, and modest active levels limit the quality of the otherwise coherent multinutrient approach.
  • Fish oil lacks EPA and DHA disclosure and is supplied in a small total amount, while folic acid and several nutrients use basic forms.
  • The breadth is convenient for children, but depth and form quality are uneven across the formula.

Nutrient quality

68 High impact

Vitamin D3 is a useful strength, but several basic forms and the unquantified fish oil weaken nutrient quality. Conservative doses suit general maintenance, while the gummy matrix adds avoidable low-value material.

Ingredient transparency

71 High impact

Most vitamins have specific amounts, but EPA and DHA are not disclosed. Daily directions and complete excipient details are not supplied.

Customer satisfaction

64 Moderate impact

The supplied aggregate satisfaction metric is strong and supported by the available feedback volume. No feedback excerpts or complaint themes are supplied, so specific experience patterns cannot be verified.

Value for money

65 High impact

Serving value appears reasonable but not exceptional. Some additions provide limited value relative to the core formula.

Report analysis

Goals

Immunity
Impact
High effect
B Goal FitC- Strength of SupportB CoverageB- Formula Quality
Vitamin C · 25 mgZinc · 1.9 mgVitamin A · 1250 IUVitamin D · 1000 IU

Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin C, and zinc provide broad child-oriented immune nutrition. Vitamin D is meaningful, but Vitamin C and zinc are well below adult targeted amounts.

The gummy format is convenient but lacks a disclosed lipid base for fat-soluble vitamins. Synthetic Vitamin E, zinc sulfate, added carbohydrate, and modest active levels limit the quality of the otherwise coherent multinutrient approach.

Study evidence
Vitamin A Supportive 107 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 85 studies
Vitamin E Supportive 21 studies
Zinc Supportive 73 studies
General Health
Impact
High effect
B+ Goal FitD+ Strength of SupportC+ CoverageB- Formula Quality
Folate · 200 mcgVitamin B12 · 3 mcgVitamin D · 1000 IUFish Oil · 113.5 mgZinc · 1.9 mgVitamin C · 25 mg

The gummy combines several vitamins with vitamin D, folic acid, zinc, and fish oil for broad basic coverage. Vitamin D is the clearest foundational strength in the formula.

Fish oil lacks EPA and DHA disclosure and is supplied in a small total amount, while folic acid and several nutrients use basic forms. The breadth is convenient for children, but depth and form quality are uneven across the formula.

Study evidence
Fish Oil Supportive 61 studies
Folate Supportive 80 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 115 studies
Zinc Supportive 60 studies
Impact
Moderate effect
B- Goal FitD- Strength of SupportD+ CoverageC+ Formula Quality
Vitamin D · 1000 IUFish Oil · 113.5 mgVitamin E · 10 IUVitamin C · 25 mg

Vitamin D3 supplies the clearest anti-inflammatory support through immune regulation. Fish oil and vitamin E add relevant pathways, but their forms and active amounts are too weak or unclear to carry much weight.

The gummy offers broad nutritional coverage rather than a targeted anti-inflammatory formula. Undisclosed EPA and DHA and synthetic vitamin E sharply limit depth despite the useful vitamin D amount.

Study evidence
Fish Oil Supportive 68 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 101 studies
Vitamin E Supportive 20 studies
Energy
Impact
Moderate effect
C- Goal FitD- Strength of SupportD CoverageC Formula Quality
Vitamin D · 1000 IUVitamin B12 · 3 mcgFish Oil · 113.5 mg

Vitamin D and several B vitamins have basic metabolic roles, but the children’s gummy lacks a strong direct energy active. Evidence supports correcting nutrient deficiencies, while the undisclosed omega-3 composition offers little assessable energy evidence.

Vitamin D supports maintenance, but B12, zinc, and the 113.5 mg fish oil amount are too small or unclear for targeted energy support. Vitamin D3 is a favorable form, while cyanocobalamin is basic and EPA and DHA amounts, fish source, and oil quality are absent.

Study evidence
Fish Oil Disputed 8 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 32 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Calories
15 Calorie(s)
Total Carbohydrates
2 Gram(s)
Vitamin A (Retinyl Acetate)
1250 IU
Vitamin C (Sodium Ascorbate)
25 mg
Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol)
1000 IU
Vitamin E (DL-Alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate)
10 IU
Niacin (Niacinamide)
10 mg
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride)
0.9 mg
Folic Acid
200 mcg
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)
3 mcg
Zinc (Zinc Sulfate)
1.9 mg
Sodium
10 mg
Fish Oil
113.5 mg
Gluten Free Children 4+
Report overview
C+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityC Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

Cholecalciferol provides the preferred vitamin D form. The gummy lacks an identified fat source to support absorption. The 1,000 IU serving is suitable for routine maintenance, and cost efficiency is weak for the amount of vitamin d supplied.

F Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityC+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyD+ Value

Retinyl acetate provides only preformed vitamin A, which is less self-regulating than carotenoids. The gummy lacks a lipid base and offers weak support for absorption. The 1,250 IU serving falls below the acceptable multinutrient range, and the vitamin a delivered per serving offers middling cost efficiency.

F Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityB+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

Use of synthetic dl-alpha vitamin E weakens biological activity and retention. Mixed tocopherol diversity and tocotrienols are both absent. The child-oriented amount is reasonable for routine maintenance, while low cost does not offset the synthetic form’s lower activity and retention.

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Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
    Zhu Z; Zhu X; Gu L; Zhan Y; Chen L; Li X · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Meta-analysis4,859 participants10 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  2. Effect of vitamin D status and vitamin D supplementation on immune function and prevention of acute respiratory tract infections in dark-skinned individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Bournot AR; Darling AL; Givens ID; Lovegrove JA; Lanham-New SA; Hart KH · Public health nutrition · 2024
    Meta-analysis36,707 participants18 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  3. High-dose oral vitamin D supplementation for prevention of infections in children aged 0 to 59 months: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Carboo JA; Dolman-Macleod RC; Malan L; Lombard MJ · Nutrition reviews · 2024
    Meta-analysis5,748 participants7 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  4. Vitamin E supplementation enhances cell-mediated immunity in healthy elderly subjects.
    Meydani SN; Barklund MP; Liu S; Meydani M; Miller RA; Cannon JG; Morrow FD; Rocklin R; Blumberg JB · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1990
    Randomized trial32 participantsImmunity forVitamin E
  5. Effect of daily vitamin E and multivitamin-mineral supplementation on acute respiratory tract infections in elderly persons: a randomized controlled trial.
    Graat JM; Schouten EG; Kok FJ · JAMA · 2002
    Randomized trial652 participantsImmunity forVitamin E
  6. Effect of 3 months vitamin E supplementation on indices of the cellular and humoral immune response in elderly subjects.
    De Waart FG; Portengen L; Doekes G; Verwaal CJ; Kok FJ · The British journal of nutrition · 1997
    Randomized trialImmunity forVitamin E
  7. Vitamin E and beta-carotene supplementation and hospital-treated pneumonia incidence in male smokers.
    Hemilä H; Virtamo J; Albanes D; Kaprio J · Chest · 2004
    Randomized trial29,133 participantsImmunity forVitamin E
  8. Depressed immune response to tetanus in children with vitamin A deficiency.
    Semba RD; Muhilal; Scott AL; Natadisastra G; Wirasasmita S; Mele L; Ridwan E; West KP; Sommer A · The Journal of nutrition · 1992
    Randomized trial236 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  9. The effect of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on immune response in an older population.
    Fortes C; Forastiere F; Agabiti N; Fano V; Pacifici R; Virgili F; Piras G; Guidi L; Bartoloni C; Tricerri A; Zuccaro P; Ebrahim S; Perucci CA · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 1998
    Randomized trial136 participantsImmunity forVitamin A Immunity forZinc
  10. Effect of Vitamin A supplementation on the immune response to measles vaccination.
    Cherian T; Varkki S; Raghupathy P; Ratnam S; Chandra RK · Vaccine · 2004
    Randomized trial395 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  11. Vitamin A supplementation enhances infants' immune responses to hepatitis B vaccine but does not affect responses to Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine.
    Newton S; Owusu-Agyei S; Ampofo W; Zandoh C; Adjuik M; Adjei G; Tchum S; Filteau S; Kirkwood BR · The Journal of nutrition · 2007
    Randomized trial1,077 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  12. Vitamin D in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
    El Amrousy D; El Ashry H; Hodeib H; Hassan S · Journal of clinical gastroenterology · 2021
    Randomized trial120 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  13. [The impact of the severity of chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps and the coexistence of Th2-type inflammation on 25(OH) D and pulmonary function].
    He J; Yang F; Zhang Y; Zhang N; Hu J; Feng N; Wen W; Shen X; Zhao Y; Ma R · Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2026
    Observational study159 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  14. Could vitamin D reduce obesity-associated inflammation? Observational and Mendelian randomization study.
    Palaniswamy S; Gill D; De Silva NM; Lowry E; Jokelainen J; Karhu T; Mutt SJ; Dehghan A; Sliz E; Chasman DI; Timonen M; Viinamäki H; Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S; Hyppönen E; Herzig KH; Sebert S; Järvelin MR · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2020
    Observational study3,586 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  15. Vitamin D and inflammation.
    Cannell JJ; Grant WB; Holick MF · Dermato-endocrinology · 2015
    Systematic review39 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  16. Dose-dependent effects of fish oil on cardio-metabolic biomarkers in healthy middle-aged and elderly Chinese people: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.
    Song J; Hu M; Li C; Yang B; Ding Q; Wang C; Mao L · Food & function · 2018
    Randomized trial201 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forFish Oil
  17. Eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation alleviates pruritus, enhances skin moisture, and mitigates depression in maintenance hemodialysis patients.
    Lin YL; Wang CL; Chiang TI · Frontiers in nephrology · 2024
    Randomized trial60 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forFish Oil
  18. Lowering effects of fish oil supplementation on proinflammatory markers in hypertension: results from a randomized controlled trial.
    Yang B; Ren XL; Li ZH; Shi MQ; Ding F; Su KP; Guo XJ; Li D · Food & function · 2020
    Randomized trial77 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forFish Oil
  19. The effects of ω-3 fish oil emulsion-based parenteral nutrition plus combination treatment for acute paraquat poisoning.
    Meng Z; Dong Y; Gao H; Yao D; Gong Y; Meng Q; Zheng T; Cui X; Su X; Tian Y · The Journal of international medical research · 2019
    Randomized trial174 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forFish Oil
  20. Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake in Patients Undergoing Dialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
    Liu R; Jiang J; Fu Z; Liu C; Yao L; Quan H · Journal of the American Nutrition Association · 2022
    Meta-analysis49 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forFish Oil
  21. Vitamin D deficiency and C-reactive protein: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.
    Zhou A; Hyppönen E · International journal of epidemiology · 2023
    Observational study294,970 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  22. Vitamin D supplementation reduces infection rate and promotes wound healing in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.
    Gao YQ; Gao YH; Xing JH · World journal of diabetes · 2025
    Randomized trial120 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  23. Associations of C-reactive Protein with 25-hydroxyvitamin D in 24 Specific Diseases: A Cross-sectional Study from NHANES.
    Yang F; Sun M; Sun C; Li J; Yang X; Bi C; Wang M; Pu L; Wang J; Wang C; Xie M; Yao Y; Jin L · Scientific reports · 2020
    Cross-sectional study9,809 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  24. Combined effects of vitamin D deficiency and systemic inflammation on all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in older adults.
    Zhang C; Cui J; Li S; Shen J; Luo X; Yao Y; Shi H · BMC geriatrics · 2024
    Cohort study3,072 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin D
  25. Effects of delta-tocotrienol supplementation on Glycemic Control, oxidative stress, inflammatory biomarkers and miRNA expression in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized control trial.
    Mahjabeen W; Khan DA; Mirza SA; Pervez MA · Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2021
    Randomized trial110 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin E
  26. Effect of vitamin E supplementation on serum C-reactive protein level: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Saboori S; Shab-Bidar S; Speakman JR; Yousefi Rad E; Djafarian K · European journal of clinical nutrition · 2016
    Meta-analysis495 participants12 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin E
  27. Efficacy of Nutritional Interventions on Inflammatory Markers in Haemodialysis Patients: A Systematic Review and Limited Meta-Analysis.
    Khor BH; Narayanan SS; Sahathevan S; Gafor AHA; Daud ZAM; Khosla P; Sabatino A; Fiaccadori E; Chinna K; Karupaiah T · Nutrients · 2018
    Meta-analysis46 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin E
  28. Vitamin E improves serum markers and histology in adults with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Chee NM; Sinnanaidu RP; Chan WK · Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2024
    Meta-analysis8 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin E
  29. Delta-tocotrienol supplementation improves biochemical markers of hepatocellular injury and steatosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
    Pervez MA; Khan DA; Slehria AUR; Ijaz A · Complementary therapies in medicine · 2021
    Randomized trial71 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin E
  30. Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation for 12 Weeks Increases Resting and Exercise Metabolic Rate in Healthy Community-Dwelling Older Females.
    Logan SL; Spriet LL · PloS one · 2016
    Randomized trial24 participantsEnergy forFish Oil
  31. Effects of fish oil during hemodialysis on nutritional status and quality of life: a randomized double-blinded trial.
    Zhang C; Ge C; Wang J; Sun D · Food & nutrition research · 2022
    Randomized trial103 participantsEnergy General Health forFish Oil
  32. Supplementation of fish oil and olive oil in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
    Berbert AA; Kondo CR; Almendra CL; Matsuo T; Dichi I · Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2005
    Randomized trial43 participantsEnergy forFish Oil
  33. DHA-rich Fish Oil Increases the Omega-3 Index and Lowers the Oxygen Cost of Physiologically Stressful Cycling in Trained Individuals.
    Hingley L; Macartney MJ; Brown MA; McLennan PL; Peoples GE · International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism · 2018
    Randomized trial26 participantsEnergy forFish Oil
  34. Fish oil reduces heart rate and oxygen consumption during exercise.
    Peoples GE; McLennan PL; Howe PR; Groeller H · Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology · 2009
    Randomized trial16 participantsEnergy forFish Oil
  35. Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    López-Muñoz P; Torres-Costoso AI; Fernández-Rodríguez R; Guzmán-Pavón MJ; de Arenas-Arroyo SN; Basco-López JÁ; Reina-Gutiérrez S · Nutrients · 2023
    Meta-analysis345 participants5 studies pooledEnergy forVitamin D
  36. Vitamin D Supplementation in Adolescents and Young Adults With Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus for Improvement in Disease Activity and Fatigue Scores: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
    Lima GL; Paupitz J; Aikawa NE; Takayama L; Bonfa E; Pereira RM · Arthritis care & research · 2016
    Randomized trial40 participantsEnergy forVitamin D
  37. Vitamin D in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome After COVID-19 or Vaccination: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Kodama S; Nakata M; Konishi N; Yoshino M; Fujisawa A; Naganuma M; Kobayashi Y; Hirai Y; Kitagawa A; Miyokawa M; Mishima R; Teramukai S; Fukushima M · Nutrients · 2026
    Randomized trial91 participantsEnergy forVitamin D
  38. The effects of vitamin D supplementation on disease activity and fatigue in Libyan rheumatoid arthritis patients.
    Elfituri S · Reumatologia · 2024
    Randomized trial68 participantsEnergy forVitamin D
  39. The effect of home-based aerobic training and vitamin D supplementation on fatigue and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis during COVID-19 outbreak.
    Bahmani E; Hoseini R; Amiri E · Science & sports · 2022
    Randomized trial40 participantsEnergy forVitamin D
  40. Parenteral Nutrition Containing Fish Oil for Hospitalized Non-Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Patients: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.
    Pradelli L; Heller AR; Klek S; Mayer K; Rosenthal MD; Muscaritoli M · Nutrients · 2025
    Meta-analysis29 studies pooledGeneral Health forFish Oil
  41. The effects of fish oil plus vitamin D3 intervention on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial.
    Guo XF; Wang C; Yang T; Ma WJ; Zhai J; Zhao T; Xu TC; Li J; Liu H; Sinclair AJ; Li D · European journal of nutrition · 2022
    Randomized trial111 participantsGeneral Health forFish Oil
  42. Circulating Docosahexaenoic Acid and Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality.
    O'Keefe EL; O'Keefe JH; Tintle NL; Westra J; Albuisson L; Harris WS · Mayo Clinic proceedings · 2024
    Meta-analysis117,702 participants17 studies pooledGeneral Health forFish Oil
  43. Omega-3 dietary supplements and the risk of cardiovascular events: a systematic review.
    Marik PE; Varon J · Clinical cardiology · 2010
    Meta-analysis39,044 participants11 studies pooledGeneral Health forFish Oil
  44. Intakes of Folate, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin B12 in Relation to All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A National Population-Based Cohort.
    Bo Y; Xu H; Zhang H; Zhang J; Wan Z; Zhao X; Yu Z · Nutrients · 2022
    Cohort study55,569 participantsGeneral Health forFolate
  45. The responsiveness of plasma homocysteine to small increases in dietary folic acid: a primary care study.
    Schorah CJ; Devitt H; Lucock M; Dowell AC · European journal of clinical nutrition · 1998
    Randomized trial119 participantsGeneral Health forFolate
  46. Associations of Serum Folate and Homocysteine Concentrations with All-Cause, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer Mortality in Men and Women in Korea: the Cardiovascular Disease Association Study.
    Song S; Song BM; Park HY · The Journal of nutrition · 2023
    Cohort study21,260 participantsGeneral Health forFolate
  47. The concept of folic acid supplementation and its role in prevention of neural tube defect among pregnant women: PRISMA.
    Seyoum Tola F · Medicine · 2024
    Systematic reviewGeneral Health forFolate
  48. Systematic review of adverse health outcomes associated with high serum or red blood cell folate concentrations.
    Colapinto CK; O'Connor DL; Sampson M; Williams B; Tremblay MS · Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2017
    Systematic review71,847 participants46 studies pooledGeneral Health forFolate
  49. Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults.
    Bjelakovic G; Gluud LL; Nikolova D; Whitfield K; Wetterslev J; Simonetti RG; Bjelakovic M; Gluud C · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014
    Meta-analysis95,286 participants159 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  50. Effect of vitamin D on gastrointestinal symptoms and health-related quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome patients: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.
    Abbasnezhad A; Amani R; Hajiani E; Alavinejad P; Cheraghian B; Ghadiri A · Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2018
    Randomized trial90 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin D
  51. The impact of vitamin D administration on mortality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Kow CS; Ramachandram DS; Hasan SS; Wong Z; Thiruchelvam K · Inflammopharmacology · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,495 participants19 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  52. Vitamin D Status and Mortality: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.
    Heath AK; Kim IY; Hodge AM; English DR; Muller DC · International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019
    Systematic review84 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  53. Meta-analysis of long-term vitamin D supplementation on overall mortality.
    Zheng Y; Zhu J; Zhou M; Cui L; Yao W; Liu Y · PloS one · 2014
    Meta-analysis42 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin D
  54. Effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate and zinc chloride mouthwashes in the treatment of oral mucositis and quality of life in patients with cancer under chemotherapy.
    Mohammadi F; Oshvandi K; Kamallan SR; Khazaei S; Ranjbar H; Ahmadi-Motamayel F; Gillespie M; Jenabi E; Vafaei SY · Nursing open · 2022
    Randomized trial144 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  55. Zinc supplementation in young children with acute diarrhea in India.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Bhan MK; Bhandari N; Sinha A; Jalla S · The New England journal of medicine · 1995
    Randomized trial937 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  56. Associations of mortality with ocular disorders and an intervention of high-dose antioxidants and zinc in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS Report No. 13.
    Clemons TE; Kurinij N; Sperduto RD; AREDS Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2004
    Randomized trial4,753 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  57. Effects of zinc and probiotic co-supplementation on inflammation, gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life, and mood in irritable bowel syndrome patients.
    Rezazadegan M; Soheilipour M; Amani R · Scientific reports · 2026
    Randomized trial84 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  58. Effect of zinc sulfate supplementation on premenstrual syndrome and health-related quality of life: Clinical randomized controlled trial.
    Siahbazi S; Behboudi-Gandevani S; Moghaddam-Banaem L; Montazeri A · The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2018
    Randomized trial142 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  59. Impact of a single megadose of vitamin A at delivery on breastmilk of mothers and morbidity of their infants.
    Roy SK; Islam A; Molla A; Akramuzzaman SM; Jahan F; Fuchs G · European journal of clinical nutrition · 1997
    Randomized trial50 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  60. Vitamin A supplementation reduces measles morbidity in young African children: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.
    Coutsoudis A; Broughton M; Coovadia HM · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1991
    Randomized trial60 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  61. Vitamin A supplementation enhances specific IgG antibody levels and total lymphocyte numbers while improving morbidity in measles.
    Coutsoudis A; Kiepiela P; Coovadia HM; Broughton M · The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 1992
    Randomized trial60 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  62. Vitamin A supplementation reduces the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 intestinal immune response of Mexican children.
    Long KZ; Santos JI; Estrada Garcia T; Haas M; Firestone M; Bhagwat J; Dupont HL; Hertzmark E; Rosado JL; Nanthakumar NN · The Journal of nutrition · 2006
    Randomized trial127 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  63. Vitamin C and contribution to the normal function of the immune system: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusImmunity forVitamin C
  64. Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.
    Sun L; Zhao JH; Fan WY; Feng B; Liu WW; Chen RQ; Ban C; Dang AG; Wang M; Luo KT; Zhou GY; Yu FF; Ba Y · Nutrition reviews · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,334 participants14 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  65. Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Abioye AI; Bromage S; Fawzi W · BMJ global health · 2021
    Meta-analysisImmunity forVitamin C
  66. New evidence for antioxidant properties of vitamin C.
    Vojdani A; Bazargan M; Vojdani E; Wright J · Cancer detection and prevention · 2001
    Randomized trial20 participantsImmunity forVitamin C
  67. Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults.
    Calder PC; Kreider RB; McKay DL · Nutrients · 2025
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  68. Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: individual participant data meta-analysis.
    Martineau AR; Jolliffe DA; Greenberg L; Aloia JF; Bergman P; Dubnov-Raz G; Esposito S; Ganmaa D; Ginde AA; Goodall EC; Grant CC; Janssens W; Jensen ME; Kerley CP; Laaksi I; Manaseki-Holland S; Mauger D; Murdoch DR; Neale R; Rees JR; Simpson S; Stelmach I; Trilok Kumar G; Urashima M; Camargo CA; Griffiths CJ; Hooper RL · Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2020
    Meta-analysis11,321 participants25 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
  69. Vitamin D3 and deconvoluting a rash.
    Ernst MK; Evans ST; Techner JM; Rothbaum RM; Christensen LF; Onay UV; Biyashev D; Demczuk MM; Nguyen CV; Honda KS; McCormick TS; Tsoi LC; Gudjonsson JE; Cooper KD; Lu KQ · JCI insight · 2023
    Randomized trial28 participantsImmunity forVitamin D
  70. Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on cellular immunity and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU.
    Bychinin MV; Klypa TV; Mandel IA; Yusubalieva GM; Baklaushev VP; Kolyshkina NA; Troitsky AV · Scientific reports · 2022
    Randomized trial110 participantsImmunity forVitamin D
  71. Current opinion on the role of vitamin D supplementation in respiratory infections and asthma/COPD exacerbations: A need to establish publication guidelines for overcoming the unpublished data.
    Anitua E; Tierno R; Alkhraisat MH · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2022
    Meta-analysis50,554 participants65 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin D
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