Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.
- Cognitive and mood improvements of caffeine in habitual consumers and habitual non-consumers of caffeine.
Haskell CF; Kennedy DO; Wesnes KA; Scholey AB · Psychopharmacology · 2005
Randomized trial48 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCaffeine
- Caffeine-containing energy drink improves physical performance of elite rugby players during a simulated match.
Del Coso J; Ramírez JA; Muñoz G; Portillo J; Gonzalez-Millán C; Muñoz V; Barbero-Álvarez JC; Muñoz-Guerra J · Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme · 2016
Randomized trial26 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCaffeine
- Differential cognitive effects of energy drink ingredients: caffeine, taurine, and glucose.
Giles GE; Mahoney CR; Brunyé TT; Gardony AL; Taylor HA; Kanarek RB · Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2013
Randomized trial48 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCaffeine
- Does Single or Combined Caffeine and Taurine Supplementation Improve Athletic and Cognitive Performance without Affecting Fatigue Level in Elite Boxers? A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
Ozan M; Buzdagli Y; Eyipinar CD; Baygutalp NK; Yüce N; Oget F; Kan E; Baygutalp F · Nutrients · 2022
Randomized trial20 participantsflagEnergy forscienceCaffeine
- Trait Energy and Fatigue Modify the Effects of Caffeine on Mood, Cognitive and Fine-Motor Task Performance: A Post-Hoc Study.
Fuller DT; Smith ML; Boolani A · Nutrients · 2021
Randomized trialflagEnergy forscienceCaffeine
- Effect of caffeine ingestion on cycling performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Wu J; Xu K; Yin M; Ding X; Wang T; Zhang Q; Wu X; Xiao N · Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
Meta-analysis226 participants20 studies pooledflagFitness forscienceCaffeine
- Effects of Caffeine Intake on Endurance Running Performance and Time to Exhaustion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Wang Z; Qiu B; Gao J; Del Coso J · Nutrients · 2023
Meta-analysis254 participants21 studies pooledflagFitness forscienceCaffeine
- Acute Effects of Caffeine Supplementation on Movement Velocity in Resistance Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Raya-González J; Rendo-Urteaga T; Domínguez R; Castillo D; Rodríguez-Fernández A; Grgic J · Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021
Meta-analysis12 studies pooledflagFitness forscienceCaffeine
- Sex Differences in the Ergogenic Response of Acute Caffeine Intake on Muscular Strength, Power and Endurance Performance in Resistance-Trained Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Montalvo-Alonso JJ; Ferragut C; Del Val-Manzano M; Valadés D; Roberts J; Pérez-López A · Nutrients · 2024
Randomized trial76 participantsflagFitness forscienceCaffeine
- Can I Have My Coffee and Drink It? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis to Determine Whether Habitual Caffeine Consumption Affects the Ergogenic Effect of Caffeine.
Carvalho A; Marticorena FM; Grecco BH; Barreto G; Saunders B · Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022
Meta-analysis60 studies pooledflagFitness forscienceCaffeine
- Longitudinal Association Between Sodium and Potassium Intake and Physical Performance in Older Adults.
Lana A; Struijk EA; Ortolá R; Rodríguez-Artalejo F; Lopez-Garcia E · The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2021
Cohort study868 participantsflagFitness forsciencePotassium
- Exercise-induced hyperkalaemia can be reduced in human subjects by moderate training without change in skeletal muscle Na,K-ATPase concentration.
Kjeldsen K; Nørgaard A; Hau C · European journal of clinical investigation · 1991
Observational study15 participantsflagFitness forsciencePotassium
- Potassium Nitrate in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Zamani P; Shah SJ; Cohen JB; Zhao M; Yang W; Afable JL; Caturla M; Maynard H; Pourmussa B; Demastus C; Mohanty I; Miyake MM; Adusumalli S; Margulies KB; Prenner SB; Poole DC; Wilson N; Reddy R; Townsend RR; Ischiropoulos H; Cappola TP; Chirinos JA · JAMA cardiology · 2025
Randomized trial84 participantsflagFitness forsciencePotassium
- Potassium Bicarbonate Supplementation Lowers Bone Turnover and Calcium Excretion in Older Men and Women: A Randomized Dose-Finding Trial.
Dawson-Hughes B; Harris SS; Palermo NJ; Gilhooly CH; Shea MK; Fielding RA; Ceglia L · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2016
Randomized trial244 participantsflagFitness forsciencePotassium
- Exercise-Associated Muscle Cramps in Ironman-Distance Triathletes Over 3 Decades.
Nilssen PK; Johnson KB; Hiller WDB; Miller TK; Connolly CP · Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine · 2026
Observational study10,533 participantsflagFitness forsciencePotassium
- Additive effects of beta-alanine and sodium bicarbonate on upper-body intermittent performance.
Tobias G; Benatti FB; de Salles Painelli V; Roschel H; Gualano B; Sale C; Harris RC; Lancha AH; Artioli GG · Amino acids · 2013
Randomized trial37 participantsflagFitness forscienceSodium
- Sodium Hyperhydration Improves Performance With No Change in Thermal and Cardiovascular Strain in Female Cyclists Exercising in the Heat Across the Menstrual Cycle.
Convit L; Orellana L; Périard JD; Carr AJ; Warmington S; Beaugeois M; Abraham A; Snipe RMJ · International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism · 2025
Randomized trial12 participantsflagFitness forscienceSodium
- Sodium bicarbonate supplementation improves severe-intensity intermittent exercise under moderate acute hypoxic conditions.
Deb SK; Gough LA; Sparks SA; McNaughton LR · European journal of applied physiology · 2018
Randomized trial11 participantsflagFitness forscienceSodium
- International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: sodium bicarbonate and exercise performance.
Grgic J; Pedisic Z; Saunders B; Artioli GG; Schoenfeld BJ; McKenna MJ; Bishop DJ; Kreider RB; Stout JR; Kalman DS; Arent SM; VanDusseldorp TA; Lopez HL; Ziegenfuss TN; Burke LM; Antonio J; Campbell BI · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2021
Guideline / consensusflagFitness forscienceSodium
- The effects of sodium bicarbonate ingestion on swimming interval performance in trained competitive swimmers.
Gough LA; Newbury JW; Price M · European journal of applied physiology · 2023
Randomized trial14 participantsflagFitness forscienceSodium
- Inter-individual variability in redox and performance responses after antioxidant supplementation: A randomized double blind crossover study.
Margaritelis NV; Nastos GG; Vasileiadou O; Chatzinikolaou PN; Theodorou AA; Paschalis V; Vrabas IS; Kyparos A; Fatouros IG; Nikolaidis MG · Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2023
Randomized trial44 participantsflagFitness forscienceVitamin C
- Antioxidant supplementation, redox deficiencies and exercise performance: A falsification design.
Margaritelis NV; Paschalis V; Theodorou AA; Kyparos A; Nikolaidis MG · Free radical biology & medicine · 2021
Randomized trial73 participantsflagFitness forscienceVitamin C
- A significant relationship between plasma vitamin C concentration and physical performance among Japanese elderly women.
Saito K; Yokoyama T; Yoshida H; Kim H; Shimada H; Yoshida Y; Iwasa H; Shimizu Y; Kondo Y; Handa S; Maruyama N; Ishigami A; Suzuki T · The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2012
Cross-sectional study655 participantsflagFitness forscienceVitamin C
- Low vitamin C values are linked with decreased physical performance and increased oxidative stress: reversal by vitamin C supplementation.
Paschalis V; Theodorou AA; Kyparos A; Dipla K; Zafeiridis A; Panayiotou G; Vrabas IS; Nikolaidis MG · European journal of nutrition · 2016
Clinical trial20 participantsflagFitness forscienceVitamin C
- Low dietary vitamin C intake is associated with low muscle strength among elderly Korean women.
Park CY; Shin S · Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) · 2024
Cross-sectional study14,844 participantsflagFitness forscienceVitamin C
- Potassium intake, stroke, and cardiovascular disease a meta-analysis of prospective studies.
D'Elia L; Barba G; Cappuccio FP; Strazzullo P · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2011
Meta-analysis247,510 participants11 studies pooledflagHeart Health forsciencePotassium
- Oral potassium supplementation for management of essential hypertension: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Poorolajal J; Zeraati F; Soltanian AR; Sheikh V; Hooshmand E; Maleki A · PloS one · 2017
Meta-analysis1,213 participants23 studies pooledflagHeart Health forsciencePotassium
- Joint association of urinary sodium and potassium excretion with cardiovascular events and mortality: prospective cohort study.
O'Donnell M; Mente A; Rangarajan S; McQueen MJ; O'Leary N; Yin L; Liu X; Swaminathan S; Khatib R; Rosengren A; Ferguson J; Smyth A; Lopez-Jaramillo P; Diaz R; Avezum A; Lanas F; Ismail N; Yusoff K; Dans A; Iqbal R; Szuba A; Mohammadifard N; Oguz A; Yusufali AH; Alhabib KF; Kruger IM; Yusuf R; Chifamba J; Yeates K; Dagenais G; Wielgosz A; Lear SA; Teo K; Yusuf S; PURE Investigators · BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2019
Cohort study103,570 participantsflagHeart Health forsciencePotassium
- Effect of Potassium Supplementation on Endothelial Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Intervention Studies.
D'Elia L; Cappuccio FP; Masulli M; La Fata E; Rendina D; Galletti F · Nutrients · 2023
Meta-analysis332 participants5 studies pooledflagHeart Health forsciencePotassium
- Effects of potassium supplementation on office, home, and 24-h blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension.
Kawano Y; Minami J; Takishita S; Omae T · American journal of hypertension · 1999
Randomized trial55 participantsflagHeart Health forsciencePotassium
- Effects of modafinil and caffeine on night-time vigilance of air force crewmembers: A randomized controlled trial.
Wingelaar-Jagt YQ; Bottenheft C; Riedel WJ; Ramaekers JG · Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2023
Randomized trial32 participantsflagMental Focus forscienceCaffeine
- Acute effects of caffeine on attention: a comparison of non-consumers and withdrawn consumers.
Smith AP; Christopher G; Sutherland D · Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2013
Randomized trial70 participantsflagMental Focus forscienceCaffeine
- Performance and alertness effects of caffeine, dextroamphetamine, and modafinil during sleep deprivation.
Wesensten NJ; Killgore WD; Balkin TJ · Journal of sleep research · 2006
Randomized trial48 participantsflagMental Focus forscienceCaffeine
- Effects of caffeine on mood and performance: a study of realistic consumption.
Brice CF; Smith AP · Psychopharmacology · 2003
Clinical trial24 participantsflagMental Focus forscienceCaffeine
- Effects of caffeine or diphenhydramine on visual vigilance.
Fine BJ; Kobrick JL; Lieberman HR; Marlowe B; Riley RH; Tharion WJ · Psychopharmacology · 1995
Randomized trial24 participantsflagMental Focus forscienceCaffeine
- A Randomized Study to Examine the Ability of a Caffeine-Based Energy Drink to Impact Energy Expenditure, Fat Oxidation, and Cognitive Performance.
Krieger J; Schrautemeier A; Hagele A; Gaige C; Mennemeyer O; Tolbert S; Iannotti J; Kerksick C; Noonan C; Mumford P · Nutrients · 2025
Randomized trial60 participantsflagMetabolism Boost forscienceCaffeine
- Oolong tea increases metabolic rate and fat oxidation in men.
Rumpler W; Seale J; Clevidence B; Judd J; Wiley E; Yamamoto S; Komatsu T; Sawaki T; Ishikura Y; Hosoda K · The Journal of nutrition · 2001
Randomized trial12 participantsflagMetabolism Boost forscienceCaffeine
- Effect of caffeine intake on fat oxidation rate during exercise: is there a dose-response effect?
Gutiérrez-Hellín J; Aguilar-Navarro M; Ruiz-Moreno C; Muñoz A; Varillas-Delgado D; Amaro-Gahete FJ; Del Coso J · European journal of nutrition · 2023
Randomized trial18 participantsflagMetabolism Boost forscienceCaffeine
- Comparison of changes in energy expenditure and body temperatures after caffeine consumption.
Koot P; Deurenberg P · Annals of nutrition & metabolism · 1995
Randomized trial12 participantsflagMetabolism Boost forscienceCaffeine
- Caffeine Increases Work Done above Critical Power, but Not Anaerobic Work.
Silveira R; Andrade-Souza VA; Arcoverde L; Tomazini F; Sansonio A; Bishop DJ; Bertuzzi R; Lima-Silva AE · Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2018
Randomized trial9 participantsflagMetabolism Boost forscienceCaffeine
- Effects of caffeine on alertness.
Zwyghuizen-Doorenbos A; Roehrs TA; Lipschutz L; Timms V; Roth T · Psychopharmacology · 1990
Randomized trial24 participantsflagProductivity Boost forscienceCaffeine
- Effects of Different Sources of Low-Dose Caffeine on Mood/Arousal and Cognitive Performance.
Irwin C; McCartney D; Grant G; Delang N; Bartrim K; Cox GR; Desbrow B · Perceptual and motor skills · 2023
Randomized trial22 participantsflagProductivity Boost forscienceCaffeine
- Effects of caffeine, sleep loss, and stress on cognitive performance and mood during U.S. Navy SEAL training. Sea-Air-Land.
Lieberman HR; Tharion WJ; Shukitt-Hale B; Speckman KL; Tulley R · Psychopharmacology · 2003
Randomized trial68 participantsflagProductivity Boost forscienceCaffeine
- A review of caffeine's effects on cognitive, physical and occupational performance.
McLellan TM; Caldwell JA; Lieberman HR · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2017
Narrative reviewflagProductivity Boost forscienceCaffeine
- Acute caffeine supplementation as a nutrition-based strategy to mitigate sleep-loss-related cognitive and operational performance impairments in military personnel: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Wang R; Wang W; Meng L; Hao G; Gu G · Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
Meta-analysis7 studies pooledflagProductivity Boost forscienceCaffeine
- Changes in caffeine intake and long-term weight change in men and women.
Lopez-Garcia E; van Dam RM; Rajpathak S; Willett WC; Manson JE; Hu FB · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2006
Cohort study58,157 participantsflagWeight Loss forscienceCaffeine
- Does caffeine ingestion before a short-term sprint interval training promote body fat loss?
Ferreira GA; Felippe LC; Bertuzzi R; Bishop DJ; Ramos IS; De-Oliveira FR; Lima-Silva AE · Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas · 2020
Randomized trial20 participantsflagWeight Loss forscienceCaffeine
- Eight Weeks of Sprint Interval Training With Adding Caffeine Ingestion Leads to Greater Improvements in Health-Related Physiological Parameters in Obese Male Adults.
Zhiang J; Song Q · Physiological research · 2026
Randomized trial30 participantsflagWeight Loss forscienceCaffeine
- Caffeine treatment prevented from weight regain after calorie shifting diet induced weight loss.
Davoodi SH; Hajimiresmaiel SJ; Ajami M; Mohseni-Bandpei A; Ayatollahi SA; Dowlatshahi K; Javedan G; Pazoki-Toroudi H · Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR · 2014
Non-randomized trial60 participantsflagWeight Loss forscienceCaffeine
- The effects of caffeine intake on weight loss: a systematic review and dos-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Tabrizi R; Saneei P; Lankarani KB; Akbari M; Kolahdooz F; Esmaillzadeh A; Nadi-Ravandi S; Mazoochi M; Asemi Z · Critical reviews in food science and nutrition · 2020
Meta-analysis606 participants13 studies pooledflagWeight Loss forscienceCaffeine