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Vision Optimizer

Jarrow Formulas
4.6
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(2081 ratings)
Thiamin 12 mg
Taurine 500 mg
Riboflavin 10 mg
Product Image
Score79
Strong carotenoid, bilberry, taurine, and antioxidant coverage supports eye health, but the three-capsule serving and smaller bottle reduce value.
How scoring works
Quantity:90 Veggie Cap(s) • (30 servings)
Goals:
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Anti-Aging
Detoxification

Score 79

Strong carotenoid, bilberry, taurine, and antioxidant coverage supports eye health, but the three-capsule serving and smaller bottle reduce value.
How scoring works

Also available as

1 option
180 servings B1 12 mg, B2 10 mg +1 more • 180 Veggie Cap(s) • 60 servings $23.90 ($0.39 per serving)
$22.55($0.75 per serving)
iHerb
$ 22.55
Vitacost
$ 28.49
Daily Vita
$ 27.99
Amazon
$ 28.49
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Analysis

Lutein and zeaxanthin provide the most directly relevant eye nutrients, supported by bilberry anthocyanosides and grape-seed polyphenols. Taurine, quercetin, vitamin C, and R-alpha-lipoic acid broaden antioxidant and tissue support.

Most key ingredients have named forms or source compounds, which improves assessment of the blend. Eyebright is the least convincing component and does not add the same level of practical value as the carotenoids.

Three capsules per serving allow a wide formula but raise pill burden and cost. The smaller bottle offers only moderate value, making it better suited to people who specifically want the full combination rather than basic lutein support.

Who is it for
  • Adults seeking broad eye-nutrient coverage
  • People who want carotenoids combined with antioxidant support
Best for
  • Comprehensive eye nutrient supplementation
  • Lutein and zeaxanthin support with bilberry

Pros

  • Provides meaningful lutein and zeaxanthin
  • Includes standardized bilberry anthocyanosides
  • Uses R-alpha-lipoic acid and methylselenocysteine

Cons

  • Requires three capsules per serving
  • Smaller bottle has only moderate serving value
  • Eyebright adds uncertain practical value

Warnings

  • R-alpha-lipoic acid may lower blood glucose, so people using glucose-lowering medication should monitor carefully
  • Bilberry and grape-seed extracts may increase bleeding tendency with anticoagulant or antiplatelet medicines
  • Quercetin may interact with some prescription medicines by affecting their absorption or metabolism

Nutrient quality

87 Highest impact

Lutein and zeaxanthin sources are specified, with useful forms also named for vitamin C and selenium. Core eye nutrients and taurine are supplied in meaningful amounts.

Ingredient transparency

82 Highest impact

Every listed active ingredient has a specific amount. Inactive capsule ingredients are absent from the supplied information.

Customer satisfaction

70 High impact

The supplied average and volume indicate generally favorable aggregate satisfaction. No detailed experience reports are available to identify repeated complaints or confirm perceived benefits.

Value for money

74 High impact

Strong core ingredients help justify the cost. The serving cost is comparatively high despite meaningful doses.

Report analysis

Goals

Anti-Inflammatory Support
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitB- Strength of SupportB CoverageB Formula Quality
Taurine · 500 mgVitamin C · 200 mg

Broad antioxidant support comes from taurine, quercetin, vitamin C, lipoic acid, and plant polyphenols. Several ingredients may help limit oxidative signals that feed inflammation.

The formula is designed for eye support rather than systemic inflammation. Moderate doses and incomplete extract standardization make its goal contribution less certain than its ingredient list suggests.

Study evidence
Taurine Supportive 12 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 50 studies
Anti-Aging
Anti-Aging
Impact
High effect
B Goal FitB- Strength of SupportB- CoverageC Formula Quality
Taurine · 500 mg

Lutein, zeaxanthin, bilberry, grape seed, and antioxidants provide broad support for visual tissue exposed to age-related oxidative stress. Taurine adds cellular and mitochondrial context, though its amount is only moderate.

Several actives have useful amounts, but the long list also includes ingredients with limited added value or weaker evidence. The formula fits eye-focused aging better than whole-body healthspan support.

Study evidence
Taurine Supportive 3 studies
Detoxification
Detoxification
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitC+ Strength of SupportB- CoverageC- Formula Quality
Vitamin B6 · 2 mgSelenium · 10 mcgVitamin C · 200 mgTaurine · 500 mgRiboflavin · 10 mg

Taurine, vitamin C, selenium, and alpha-lipoic acid support bile handling and antioxidant defenses. Their combination covers several relevant pathways, but the formula is primarily built for eye health.

Taurine and vitamin C provide the clearest practical contribution. Many carotenoids and vision botanicals add complexity without materially deepening metabolic clearance support.

Study evidence
Selenium Supportive 10 studies
Taurine Supportive 2 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 9 studies
Energy
Essential Energy Nutrients
Energy
Impact
Moderate effect
C Goal FitC Strength of SupportD CoverageD+ Formula Quality
Riboflavin · 10 mgThiamin · 12 mg

Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and taurine provide some metabolic relevance within an eye-health formula. Their amounts are clearly disclosed and may help cover basic nutrient needs.

Most ingredients target visual antioxidant protection rather than fatigue, stamina, alertness, or stress resilience. It is poorly matched to energy as the primary goal.

Study evidence
Riboflavin Mixed 6 studies
Thiamin Disputed 12 studies
Cardiovascular Support
Cardiovascular Support
Impact
Moderate effect
C- Goal FitC- Strength of SupportC- CoverageD Formula Quality
Selenium · 10 mcgVitamin B6 · 2 mgTaurine · 500 mgNiacin · 16 mg NEVitamin C · 200 mg

Taurine, quercetin, grape seed, vitamin C, and alpha-lipoic acid offer antioxidant and endothelial support. The formula is designed for eye health, so most ingredients have only secondary cardiovascular relevance.

Taurine is moderate and several antioxidants are below common stand-alone amounts. The long ingredient list adds breadth but does not establish a strong lipid, blood-pressure, or cardiac-energy intervention.

Study evidence
Taurine Supportive 24 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 101 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Vitamin C (Calcium Ascorbate)
 200 mg
Thiamine (Thiamine Mononitrate, Vitamin B1)
 12 mg
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
 10 mg
Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)
 16 mg NE
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride)
 2 mg
Selenium (Methylselenocysteine)
 10 mcg
Taurine
500 mg
Quercetin
200 mg
Swedish Bilberry Fruit Extract (Anthocyanosides)
 100 mg
R-Alpha Lipoic Acid
50 mg
Grape seed extract (Polyphenols)
 100 mg
Eyebright
40 mg
Lutein (Marigold petal extract)
 10 mg
Zeaxanthin (Marigold petal extract)
 2 mg
Gluten Free Adults 18–50 Vegan Dairy Free Vegetarian
Report overview
Thiamin (Thiamine Mononitrate, Vitamin B1) · 12 mg OverallScore65
B- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityB- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyD- Value

Thiamine mononitrate is a standard water-soluble form with reliable basic availability. The 12 mg dose is moderately potent and clearly disclosed. Cost per active dose is high for thiamin within a eye-support formula.

View ingredientView products
Taurine · 500 mg OverallScore50
C- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityC- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

The taurine amount supports general daily use but requires a multi-capsule serving. Its chemical form, source, purity grade, and independent testing are not disclosed. The high cost per active gram weakens its fit when taurine is the main goal, although other nutrients are included.

View ingredientView products
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) · 10 mg OverallScore46
D- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityC Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

Standard riboflavin requires enzymatic conversion before it becomes metabolically active. The 10 mg dose provides low maintenance support rather than high-potency metabolic support. Value is weak because a relatively costly serving delivers a low maintenance dose of standard riboflavin.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
82 Performance

Vision Optimizer

Jarrow Formulas
<p>Its label clearly provides 10 mg of Lutein as Marigold petal extract, making it a more clearly defined thiamin and riboflavin and taurine option. Compared with the original, its ingredient and goal alignment is stronger, although the input does not provide independent testing or absorption evidence.</p>
78 Performance

B-50 Complex

21st Century
<p>Its label clearly provides 50 mg of Thiamine as Vitamin B1, making it a more clearly defined thiamin and riboflavin option. Compared with the original, its ingredient and goal alignment is stronger, although it does not retain the original product’s taurine coverage.</p>
75 Performance

Mega-Liposomal B-Complex+ Organic Fruit Flavor

Aurora NutraScience
<p>Its label clearly provides 0.50 g of Total Fat, making it a more clearly defined thiamin and riboflavin option. Compared with the original, its ingredient and goal alignment is stronger, although it does not retain the original product’s taurine coverage.</p>
77 Budget

B-Complex with C

Mason Natural
<p>Its label clearly provides 300 mg of Vitamin C as Ascorbic Acid, preserving relevant thiamin and riboflavin coverage. Compared with the original, it lowers the serving cost, although it does not retain the original product’s taurine coverage.</p>
80 Budget

Super Vitamin B-Complex

Spring Valley
<p>Its label clearly provides 25 mg of Niacin, preserving relevant thiamin and riboflavin coverage. Compared with the original, it lowers the serving cost, although it does not retain the original product’s taurine coverage.</p>
76 Budget

B Complex

INNATE Response Formulas
<p>Its label clearly provides 9 mg of Thiamine as Thiamine HCl, preserving relevant thiamin and riboflavin coverage. Compared with the original, it lowers the serving cost, although it does not retain the original product’s taurine coverage.</p>
80 Value

B-Complex plus Vitamin C

21st Century
<p>Its label clearly provides 300 mg of Vitamin C as Ascorbic Acid, keeping the formula relevant to thiamin and riboflavin. Compared with the original, the lower serving cost and ingredient detail create a useful quality-to-cost balance, although it does not retain the original product’s taurine coverage.</p>
79 Value

Super Vitamin B-Complex

Spring Valley
<p>Its label clearly provides 150 mg of Vitamin C, keeping the formula relevant to thiamin and riboflavin. Compared with the original, the lower serving cost and ingredient detail create a useful quality-to-cost balance, although it does not retain the original product’s taurine coverage.</p>
81 Value

Super B-Complex

Nature Made
<p>Its label clearly provides 150 mg of Vitamin C as Ascorbic Acid, keeping the formula relevant to thiamin and riboflavin. Compared with the original, the lower serving cost and ingredient detail create a useful quality-to-cost balance, although it does not retain the original product’s taurine coverage.</p>
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Taurine supplementation reduces myeloperoxidase and matrix-metalloproteinase-9 levels and improves the effects of exercise in cognition and physical fitness in older women.
    Chupel MU; Minuzzi LG; Furtado GE; Santos ML; Ferreira JP; Filaire E; Teixeira AM · Amino acids · 2021
    Randomized trial48 participantsAnti-Aging forTaurine
  2. Taurine as a possible antiaging therapy: A controlled clinical trial on taurine antioxidant activity in women ages 55 to 70.
    Abud GF; De Carvalho FG; Batitucci G; Travieso SG; Bueno Junior CR; Barbosa Junior F; Marchini JS; de Freitas EC · Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2022
    Randomized trial24 participantsAnti-Aging forTaurine
  3. Association of taurine intake with changes in physical fitness among community-dwelling middle-aged and older Japanese adults: an 8-year longitudinal study.
    Domoto T; Kise K; Oyama Y; Furuya K; Kato Y; Nishita Y; Kozakai R; Otsuka R · Frontiers in nutrition · 2024
    Cohort studyAnti-Aging forTaurine
  4. Oxidative stress and inflammation in obesity after taurine supplementation: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
    Rosa FT; Freitas EC; Deminice R; Jordão AA; Marchini JS · European journal of nutrition · 2015
    Randomized trial24 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forTaurine
  5. Effect of taurine supplementation on preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in pediatrics under mechanical ventilation, a randomized controlled double-blind clinical trial.
    Shirzad-Yazdi N; Shorafa E; Abootalebi SN; Heidari R; Hojabri K; Doostfatemeh M; Masjedi F; Vazin A; Shafiekhani M · Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025
    Randomized trial77 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forTaurine
  6. Effect of taurine in muscle damage markers and inflammatory cytokines in running exercise.
    Wang Y; Xu T; Zhao H; Gu C; Li Z · Frontiers in physiology · 2022
    Non-randomized trial10 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forTaurine
  7. Exercise and taurine in inflammation, cognition, and peripheral markers of blood-brain barrier integrity in older women.
    Chupel MU; Minuzzi LG; Furtado G; Santos ML; Hogervorst E; Filaire E; Teixeira AM · Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme · 2018
    Randomized trial48 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forTaurine
  8. Taurine supplementation has anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory effects before and after incremental exercise in heart failure.
    Ahmadian M; Roshan VD; Aslani E; Stannard SR · Therapeutic advances in cardiovascular disease · 2017
    Randomized trialAnti-Inflammatory Support forTaurine
  9. Efficacy of Vitamin C as Glucocorticoid Substitute for Reducing Pain and Inflammation After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Jiang W; Xu H; Jiang X; Zhan Y; Ju Y; Xie J; Huang Z; Huang Q; Pei F · The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume · 2025
    Randomized trial107 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  10. The Impact of Vitamin C on Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Hemostatic Outcomes After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Moftakhari Hajimirzaei S; Bagherzadeh Cham M; Dolikhani M; Tabatabaee SM; Ebrahimpour A · The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2026
    Meta-analysis1,162 participants10 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  11. The impact of vitamin C supplementation on the perioperative outcomes after total hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Liu X; Guo J; Li Y; Yang Y; Liu M; Gao Q; Yang Y; Wu X; Yue C · BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026
    Meta-analysis852 participants8 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  12. Therapeutic Impact of Ascorbic Acid on Oral and Periodontal Tissues: A Systematic Literature Review.
    Ruzijevaite G; Acaite E; Jagelaviciene E · Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025
    Systematic review811 participants17 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  13. Oral vitamin C administration reduces early recurrence rates after electrical cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation and attenuates associated inflammation.
    Korantzopoulos P; Kolettis TM; Kountouris E; Dimitroula V; Karanikis P; Pappa E; Siogas K; Goudevenos JA · International journal of cardiology · 2005
    Randomized trial44 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  14. Taurine Supplementation Lowers Blood Pressure and Improves Vascular Function in Prehypertension: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
    Sun Q; Wang B; Li Y; Sun F; Li P; Xia W; Zhou X; Li Q; Wang X; Chen J; Zeng X; Zhao Z; He H; Liu D; Zhu Z · Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2016
    Randomized trial120 participantsCardiovascular Support forTaurine
  15. Taurine ameliorates blood pressure and vascular function in patients with type 2 diabetes: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Li Y; Wang Q; Liu Y; Li Q; Xia W; Lin S; Yang Q; Scholze A; Zhao Z; He H; Zhang H; Yan Z; Tepel M; Mu H; Zhu Z; Liu D · iScience · 2025
    Randomized trial165 participantsCardiovascular Support forTaurine
  16. Taurine reduces the risk for metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Tzang CC; Chi LY; Lin LH; Lin TY; Chang KV; Wu WT; Özçakar L · Nutrition & diabetes · 2024
    Meta-analysis1,024 participants25 studies pooledCardiovascular Support forTaurine
  17. Effects of Oral Taurine Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.
    Nie Z; Liu Y; Zhang M; Wu C; Cao Q; Xu J; Zheng Y; Min Z; Zhang W; Han S · Nutrition reviews · 2025
    Meta-analysis34 studies pooledCardiovascular Support forTaurine
  18. The effects of taurine supplementation on glycemic control and serum lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Maleki V; Alizadeh M; Esmaeili F; Mahdavi R · Amino acids · 2021
    Randomized trial45 participantsCardiovascular Support forTaurine
  19. Vitamin C may reduce troponin and CKMB levels after PCI and CABG: a meta-analysis.
    Rozemeijer S; Hemilä H; van Baaren M; de Man AME · BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2023
    Meta-analysis872 participants7 studies pooledCardiovascular Support forVitamin C
  20. Vitamin C improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation by restoring nitric oxide activity in essential hypertension.
    Taddei S; Virdis A; Ghiadoni L; Magagna A; Salvetti A · Circulation · 1998
    Clinical trial49 participantsCardiovascular Support forVitamin C
  21. Vitamin C supplementation improves blood pressure and oxidative stress after acute exercise in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study.
    Boonthongkaew C; Tong-Un T; Kanpetta Y; Chaungchot N; Leelayuwat C; Leelayuwat N · The Chinese journal of physiology · 2021
    Randomized trial24 participantsCardiovascular Support forVitamin C
  22. Vascular benefits of vitamin C supplementation against fine particulate air pollution in healthy adults: A double-blind randomised crossover trial.
    Ren J; Liang J; Wang J; Yin B; Zhang F; Li X; Zhu S; Tian H; Cui Q; Song J; Liu G; Ling W; Ma Y · Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2022
    Randomized trial58 participantsCardiovascular Support forVitamin C
  23. Ascorbic acid reduces blood pressure and arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes.
    Mullan BA; Young IS; Fee H; McCance DR · Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2003
    Randomized trial30 participantsCardiovascular Support forVitamin C
  24. Supplementation with selenium can influence nausea, fatigue, physical, renal, and liver function of children and adolescents with cancer.
    Vieira ML; Fonseca FL; Costa LG; Beltrame RL; Chaves CM; Cartum J; Alves SI; Azzalis LA; Junqueira VB; Pereria EC; Rocha KC · Journal of medicinal food · 2015
    Randomized trialDetoxification forSelenium
  25. [Selenium and oxidative stress in cancer patients].
    Gorozhanskaia ÉG; Sviridova SP; Dobrovol'skaia MM; Zybrikhina GN; Kashnia ShR · Biomeditsinskaia khimiia · 2014
    Single-arm trial40 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  26. Comprehensive Insights into the Health Effects of Selenium Exposure and Supplementation Among the Chinese Community Middle-Aged and Elderly: a Combined Retrospective Cohort Study and Intervention Study.
    Li C; Peng X; Zheng J; Shi K; Qin L; Yang Q; Wang Z; Liu Y; Huang L · Biological trace element research · 2024
    Other40 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  27. Heavy metals and metalloids exposure and liver function in Chinese adults - A nationally representative cross-sectional study.
    Wang S; Lyu Y; Ji S; Liu N; Wu B; Zhao F; Li Z; Qu Y; Zhu Y; Xie L; Li Y; Zhang Z; Song H; Hu X; Qiu Y; Zheng X; Zhang W; Yang Y; Li F; Cai J; Zhu Y; Cao Z; Tan F; Shi X · Environmental research · 2024
    Cross-sectional study9,445 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  28. Selenium-Biofortified Strawberries Improve Glucose Homeostasis and Hepatic Function: A 30-Day Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Adults.
    Vasto S; Di Rosa L; Ferrantelli V; Fiore AS; Giordano CP; Cannizzaro A; Sabatino L; Macaluso A; Caldarella R; Caldara GF; Baldassano S · Nutrients · 2026
    Randomized trial35 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  29. Dietary amino acid taurine ameliorates liver injury in chronic hepatitis patients.
    Hu YH; Lin CL; Huang YW; Liu PE; Hwang DF · Amino acids · 2008
    Non-randomized trial24 participantsDetoxification forTaurine
  30. Taurine status and response to intravenous taurine supplementation in adults with short-bowel syndrome undergoing long-term parenteral nutrition: a pilot study.
    Schneider SM; Joly F; Gehrardt MF; Badran AM; Myara A; Thuillier F; Coudray-Lucas C; Cynober L; Trivin F; Messing B · The British journal of nutrition · 2006
    Single-arm trial32 participantsDetoxification forTaurine
  31. Vitamin C supplementation ameliorates liver function profile and antiviral treatment response in Hepatitis C patients.
    Nayila I; Javed MS; Khan MA; Hussain G; Raza Naqvi SA; Ali S; Jabeen Z; Shahnawaz S; Akram R; Iman T; Hassan Dogar MZ; Malik SA · Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2022
    Non-randomized trial200 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  32. Effect of ascorbic acid-rich diet on in vivo-induced oxidative stress.
    Alleva R; Di Donato F; Strafella E; Staffolani S; Nocchi L; Borghi B; Pignotti E; Santarelli L; Tomasetti M · The British journal of nutrition · 2012
    Non-randomized trial46 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  33. Dietary Vitamin C Intake Is Associated With Improved Liver Function and Glucose Metabolism in Chinese Adults.
    Luo X; Zhang W; He Z; Yang H; Gao J; Wu P; Ma ZF · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Observational study8,307 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  34. Plasma ascorbate deficiency is associated with impaired reduction of sulfamethoxazole-nitroso in HIV infection.
    Trepanier LA; Yoder AR; Bajad S; Beckwith MD; Bellehumeur JL; Graziano FM · Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2005
    Observational studyDetoxification forVitamin C
  35. Roles of endogenous ascorbate and glutathione in the cellular reduction and cytotoxicity of sulfamethoxazole-nitroso.
    Lavergne SN; Kurian JR; Bajad SU; Maki JE; Yoder AR; Guzinski MV; Graziano FM; Trepanier LA · Toxicology · 2006
    Clinical trial53 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  36. Physicochemical properties of and volatile compounds in riboflavin fortified cloudy apple juice; study of its effect on job fatigue among Egyptian construction workers.
    Fouad S; Ibrahim GE; Hussein AMS; Ibrahim FA; El Gendy A · Heliyon · 2021
    Non-randomized trialEnergy forRiboflavin
  37. Vitamin B status in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.
    Heap LC; Peters TJ; Wessely S · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · 1999
    Case-control study30 participantsEnergy forRiboflavin
  38. B-vitamins, related vitamers, and metabolites in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease and chronic fatigue treated with high dose oral thiamine.
    Bager P; Hvas CL; Hansen MM; Ueland P; Dahlerup JF · Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2023
    Observational studyEnergy forRiboflavin
  39. Metabolic features of chronic fatigue syndrome.
    Naviaux RK; Naviaux JC; Li K; Bright AT; Alaynick WA; Wang L; Baxter A; Nathan N; Anderson W; Gordon E · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Case-control study84 participantsEnergy forRiboflavin
  40. Effectiveness of Riboflavin in Inherited Metabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review
    Bregje Jaeger, Nina N Stolwijk, Femke Aaldering, Charlotte A Ruys, Marije Smits, Nicole I Wolf, Carla E M Hollak, Annet M Bosch · Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease · 2026
    Systematic review381 studies pooledEnergy forRiboflavin
  41. Influence of thiamin supplementation on the health and general well-being of an elderly Irish population with marginal thiamin deficiency.
    Smidt LJ; Cremin FM; Grivetti LE; Clifford AJ · Journal of gerontology · 1991
    Randomized trial80 participantsEnergy forThiamin
  42. Randomised clinical trial: high-dose oral thiamine versus placebo for chronic fatigue in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease.
    Bager P; Hvas CL; Rud CL; Dahlerup JF · Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2021
    Randomized trial40 participantsEnergy forThiamin
  43. Dietary reference values for thiamin.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA); Turck D; Bresson JL; Burlingame B; Dean T; Fairweather-Tait S; Heinonen M; Hirsch-Ernst KI; Mangelsdorf I; McArdle HJ; Naska A; Nowicka G; Pentieva K; Sanz Y; Siani A; Sjödin A; Stern M; Tomé D; Van Loveren H; Vinceti M; Willatts P; Lamberg-Allardt C; Przyrembel H; Tetens I; Gudelj Rakic J; Ioannidou S; de Sesmaisons-Lecarré A; Forss AC; Neuhäuser-Berthold M · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusEnergy forThiamin
  44. Effects of thiamine supplementation on exercise-induced fatigue.
    Suzuki M; Itokawa Y · Metabolic brain disease · 1996
    Randomized trial16 participantsEnergy forThiamin
  45. Long-term maintenance treatment with 300 mg thiamine for fatigue in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: results from an open-label extension of the TARIF study.
    Bager P; Hvas CL; Rud CL; Dahlerup JF · Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology · 2022
    Randomized trialEnergy forThiamin