Product Image

Supreme Vital Hair with MSM

LifeTIME
4.5
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(483 ratings)
PABA 200 mg
Niacin 30 mg
Vitamin B5 500 mg
Vitamin B6 30 mg
Biotin 2000 mcg
Cysteine 200 mg
Thiamin 30 mg
Product Image
Score70
A transparent hair-focused blend with useful biotin and cysteine, but high vitamin A and folic acid make the formula difficult to recommend broadly.
How scoring works
Quantity:120 Capsule(s) • (30 servings)
Goals:
Hair Health
Immunity

Score 70

A transparent hair-focused blend with useful biotin and cysteine, but high vitamin A and folic acid make the formula difficult to recommend broadly.
How scoring works
$13.99($0.46 per serving)
Pure Formulas
$ 21.29
Vitacost
$ 21.29
iHerb
$ 13.99
Report prices

Analysis

Biotin, cysteine, vitamin C, MSM, horsetail, zinc, and several B vitamins support a clear hair-oriented concept. Ingredient amounts are individually stated, so the formula does not rely on an opaque blend.

Cysteine, MSM, zinc, and horsetail are modest for structural hair support, and horsetail lacks silica-yield detail. The formula instead leans heavily on large amounts of several vitamins, including preformed vitamin A and folic acid.

The folic acid amount is high and no vitamin B12 is listed, creating a meaningful long-term concern. Four capsules per serving and weak value for several basic nutrient forms further reduce its fit as a routine hair supplement.

Who is it for
  • Adults seeking a broad hair-support formula
  • Users willing to take four capsules
  • People using it after reviewing vitamin A and folate intake
Best for
  • Multi-nutrient hair support
  • Combining biotin with cysteine and MSM
  • Users who value separately listed active amounts

Pros

  • Clearly hair-focused ingredient selection
  • Discloses all active amounts
  • Includes biotin, cysteine, vitamin C, and MSM

Cons

  • Structural ingredients are modestly dosed
  • Four-capsule serving reduces convenience
  • Uses several basic rather than active nutrient forms

Warnings

  • The high preformed vitamin A amount warrants extra caution during pregnancy and when combining products.
  • High folic acid without listed vitamin B12 may mask blood signs of B12 deficiency while neurological harm continues.
  • The large pantothenic acid amount may cause stomach upset or diarrhea in sensitive users.

Nutrient quality

61 Moderate impact

Vitamin C, pantothenic acid, biotin, inositol, cysteine, MSM, and PABA provide meaningful amounts. Preformed vitamin A exceeds the adult upper limit, and folic acid also exceeds the usual supplemental upper limit.

Ingredient transparency

87 Highest impact

Every listed active has a stated amount. The supplied data omit the complete inactive-ingredient list.

Customer satisfaction

65 High impact

Feedback volume is adequate but not broad. No complaint text is supplied, so repeated negative themes cannot be assessed.

Value for money

62 Moderate impact

Most extras fit hair support, though unstandardized horsetail contributes uncertain value. Broad nutrient coverage provides some value, but the safety imbalance weakens price justification.

Report analysis

Goals

Hair Health
Hair Health
Impact
High effect
B Goal FitC+ Strength of SupportB CoverageB+ Formula Quality
Biotin · 2000 mcgZinc · 5 mgVitamin C · 600 mg

Cysteine, MSM, horsetail, biotin, zinc, and vitamin C create a clearly hair-focused structural and nutrient formula. Cysteine provides a keratin building block, but MSM and horsetail amounts are modest and horsetail silica yield is not disclosed.

The high folic acid amount is paired with no vitamin B12 and may mask anemia while neurological harm from B12 deficiency progresses. Preformed vitamin A is also very high and excess vitamin A can itself contribute to hair shedding.

Study evidence
Biotin Supportive 4 studies
Folate Mixed 15 studies
Horsetail Not classified

No linked studies yet.

Vitamin A Disputed 13 studies
Vitamin C Mixed 5 studies
Zinc Supportive 22 studies
Immunity
Immunity
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitC+ Strength of SupportC CoverageC+ Formula Quality
Vitamin C · 600 mgZinc · 5 mgVitamin A · 5500 mcg

Vitamin C and vitamin A provide relevant antioxidant and barrier support, while zinc adds a smaller immune contribution. The formula is designed primarily for hair nutrition rather than balanced immune support.

Vitamin C reaches a useful amount, but zinc is well below the goal-specific target and vitamin D and selenium are absent. The very high listed preformed vitamin A amount warrants label verification because excessive chronic intake can be harmful and is particularly unsuitable during pregnancy.

Study evidence
Vitamin A Supportive 107 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Zinc Supportive 73 studies
General Health
General Health
Impact
Moderate effect
C- Goal FitC- Strength of SupportC CoverageC+ Formula Quality
Folate · 1333 mcgZinc · 5 mgVitamin C · 600 mg

Vitamin C and B vitamins provide some metabolic and antioxidant support, but the formula is designed mainly for hair. Several hair-focused ingredients are modestly dosed and do not create broad foundational coverage.

The preformed vitamin A and folic acid amounts are unusually high, and vitamin B12 is absent despite the large folate dose. Long-term unsupervised use is difficult to justify because excess folic acid can mask blood signs of vitamin B12 deficiency while neurological harm continues.

Study evidence
Folate Supportive 80 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 56 studies
Zinc Supportive 60 studies
Energy
Energy
Impact
Moderate effect
D+ Goal FitC- Strength of SupportD CoverageB- Formula Quality
Vitamin B5 · 500 mgRiboflavin · 30 mgThiamin · 30 mg

The hair-focused formula contains substantial B vitamins, inositol, and pantothenic acid that also participate in energy metabolism. Its primary design and evidence are directed toward hair and connective-tissue support rather than fatigue.

No B12, magnesium, caffeine, creatine, or adaptogen is listed. High vitamin A and folic acid exposure make this a poor choice to stack casually with another multivitamin.

Study evidence
Skin Health
Skin Health
Impact
Moderate effect
C Goal FitD+ Strength of SupportD+ CoverageD Formula Quality
Zinc · 5 mgVitamin C · 600 mg

Vitamin C, cysteine, MSM, and pantothenic acid offer some support for skin structure and maintenance. The formula does not provide collagen or a direct hydration active, so the skin case remains indirect.

The labeled preformed vitamin A amount exceeds the adult upper limit and raises toxicity and pregnancy concerns. Avoid combining it with other vitamin A sources, and pregnancy is a particularly important reason to seek medical guidance before use.

Study evidence
Vitamin A Supportive 106 studies
Vitamin B5 Supportive 11 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Impact
Moderate effect
D+ Goal FitD+ Strength of SupportD CoverageC Formula Quality
Vitamin C · 600 mg

Vitamin C, MSM, cysteine, and zinc provide a plausible antioxidant and sulfur-compound foundation. The amounts are modest for focused systemic anti-inflammatory support and the formula is designed for hair health.

All active amounts are disclosed, but vitamin C is unbuffered and no standardized botanical extract is present. The high preformed vitamin A amount makes the formula unsuitable during pregnancy unless specifically directed by a clinician.

Study evidence
Vitamin C Supportive 50 studies
Zinc Supportive 64 studies
Detoxification
Detoxification
Impact
Moderate effect
C- Goal FitD Strength of SupportC- CoverageC- Formula Quality
Folate · 1333 mcgVitamin B6 · 30 mgZinc · 5 mgVitamin C · 600 mgCholine · 117 mgRiboflavin · 30 mg

L-cysteine supplies a glutathione building block, while vitamin C, B vitamins, choline, and MSM support antioxidant and conjugation-related metabolism. The cysteine amount is modest and the formula is designed for hair rather than comprehensive liver or clearance support.

Folic acid is supplied at a high amount without listed vitamin B12, which can mask a B12-related anemia during prolonged use. High preformed vitamin A also makes the formula a poor unsupervised choice during pregnancy or when planning pregnancy.

Study evidence
Choline Supportive 6 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 9 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Vitamin A (Retinyl Palmitate)
 5500 mcg
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
 600 mg
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine Mononitrate)
 30 mg
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
 30 mg
Vitamin B3 (Niacinamide)
 30 mg
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride)
 30 mg
Folic Acid
1333 mcg
Biotin
2000 mcg
Pantothenic Acid (Calcium D-Pantothenate)
 500 mg
Zinc (Zinc Gluconate)
 5 mg
Choline (Choline Bitartrate)
 117 mg
Inositol
600 mg
L-Cysteine (L-Cysteine Hydrochloride)
 200 mg
Methylsulfonylmethane
200 mg
para-Aminobenzoic acid
200 mg
Horsetail
100 mg
Adults 18–50
Report overview
PABA · 200 mg OverallScore90
A Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyB- Value

The clearly named 200 mg PABA dose falls within the robust dose range, though no pharmaceutical-grade or high-purity claim is provided. Immediate release is suitable at this amount, and separate labeling makes the dose easy to verify. Cost efficiency is moderate, while no targeted undesirable additives are listed.

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Niacin (Niacinamide) · 30 mg OverallScore76
B+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA- Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyD- Value

niacinamide is a reasonable form for a general multivitamin or B-complex without a specialized NAD-plus claim. The 30 mg serving is appropriate for a multivitamin or B-complex. The serving cost is high for niacin alone but partly reflects the broader hair-support formula.

View ingredientView products
Vitamin B5 (Calcium D-Pantothenate) · 500 mg OverallScore75
B Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyF Value

Calcium D-pantothenate is a stable, well-absorbed form of vitamin B5. The 500 mg serving provides an intensive amount for skin and metabolic support. The high B5 amount may cause stomach upset or diarrhea in sensitive users. The supplied data omit the other-ingredients list, so excipient quality cannot be confirmed. Cost efficiency is weak after adjusting the serving cost to an equal amount of active B5.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
66 Performance

Ultra Hair Plus with MSM

NaturesPlus
<p>Biotin, methylfolate, zinc, cysteine, and MSM provide a more directly hair-focused formula without the original excessive preformed vitamin A. Several supporting ingredients remain lightly dosed, biotin can interfere with laboratory tests, and shellfish-derived glucosamine may be unsuitable for some users.</p>
85 Performance

BioCoenzymated Active B Complex

Natural Factors
<p>Active thiamine, riboflavin, B6, folate, and B12 improve form quality and include B12 that is missing from the original. The formula is more balanced but does not provide cysteine, MSM, horsetail, or zinc for the original hair-focused purpose.</p>
79 Performance

B Complex Plus

Seeking Health
<p>Active riboflavin, B6, and B12 forms provide a well-designed nutrient base and avoid the original high preformed vitamin A. The niacin declaration is ambiguous, and the formula lacks cysteine, MSM, horsetail, and zinc.</p>
75 Budget

B-50 Complex 50 mg

Source Naturals
<p>A full B-complex provides broad metabolic coverage at a much lower serving cost. Basic forms and high vitamin B6 and folic acid remain drawbacks, while cysteine, MSM, horsetail, zinc, and vitamin C from the original are omitted.</p>
77 Budget

Vitamin B Complex

California Gold Nutrition
<p>Active riboflavin and B6 plus folate and pantothenic acid provide inexpensive B-vitamin support. Duplicate entries make actual totals unclear, and the formula does not replace the original cysteine, MSM, zinc, vitamin C, or hair-focused ingredients.</p>
74 Budget

B-Complex '50'

Solgar
<p>Broad B-vitamin coverage offers a substantially cheaper alternative for energy metabolism. Conventional forms and high pyridoxine limit long-term fit, while the formula omits the original cysteine, MSM, horsetail, zinc, and vitamin C.</p>
75 Value

B-Complex

Paradise Earth's Blend
<p>Active thiamine, riboflavin, B6, folate, and B12 provide stronger forms and favorable serving value. Tiny greens, probiotic, and adaptogen blends add little, while the formula does not retain the original cysteine, MSM, or zinc.</p>
79 Value

Basic-B Caps

Country Life
<p>A complete, fully measured B-complex offers strong serving value without a hidden active blend. Forms are mostly conventional and B6 remains higher than needed, while hair-focused cysteine, MSM, horsetail, zinc, and vitamin C are absent.</p>
73 Value

B-Complex 50

The Vitamin Shoppe
<p>Methylcobalamin, biotin, and broad B-vitamin coverage provide useful nutrient support at a modest cost. Pyridoxine remains high, choline is modest, and the product lacks the original cysteine, MSM, horsetail, and zinc.</p>
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Physiological and performance responses to supplementation with thiamin and pantothenic acid derivatives.
    Webster MJ · European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology · 1998
    Randomized trial6 participantsMetabolism Boost forVitamin B5
  2. The Infatuation With Biotin Supplementation: Is There Truth Behind Its Rising Popularity? A Comparative Analysis of Clinical Efficacy versus Social Popularity.
    Soleymani T; Lo Sicco K; Shapiro J · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2018
    Narrative reviewHair Health forBiotin
  3. Assessment of the feed additives calcium d-pantothenate and d-panthenol for all animal species for the renewal of their authorisation (DSM Nutritional products Ltd).
    EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP); Villa RE; Azimonti G; Bonos E; Christensen H; Durjava M; Dusemund B; Gehring R; Glandorf B; Kouba M; López-Alonso M; Marcon F; Nebbia C; Pechová A; Prieto-Maradona M; Röhe I; Theodoridou K; Galobart J; Holczknecht O; Pizzo F; Radovnikovic A; Vettori MV; Amaduzzi A · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2025
    Guideline / consensusSkin Health forVitamin B5
  4. Elucidating causal relationships of diet-derived circulating antioxidants and the risk of non-scarring alopecia: A Mendelian randomization study.
    Ba Y; Shen L; Peng X; Zhang Y; Wang J · Medicine · 2024
    Methods validation study201,019 participantsHair Health forVitamin C
  5. Panthenol Allergic Contact Dermatitis: Sources of Exposure, Reported Cases, and a Call for More Frequent Testing.
    Weber B; Hylwa S · Dermatitis : contact, atopic, occupational, drug · 2025
    Narrative reviewSkin Health forVitamin B5
  6. Vitamins A, B, C, and D: A Short Review for the Dermatologist.
    Coerdt KM; Goggins CA; Khachemoune A · Alternative therapies in health and medicine · 2021
    Narrative reviewHair Health forBiotin
  7. Apolipoprotein E and sex modulate fatty acid metabolism in a prospective observational study of cognitive decline.
    González-Domínguez R; Castellano-Escuder P; Lefèvre-Arbogast S; Low DY; Du Preez A; Ruigrok SR; Lee H; Helmer C; Pallàs M; Urpi-Sarda M; Sánchez-Pla A; Korosi A; Lucassen PJ; Aigner L; Manach C; Thuret S; Samieri C; Andres-Lacueva C · Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022
    Observational studyMetabolism Boost forVitamin B5
  8. Alterations of plasma antioxidants and mitochondrial DNA mutation in hair follicles of smokers.
    Liu CS; Chen HW; Lii CK; Tsai CS; Kuo CL; Wei YH · Environmental and molecular mutagenesis · 2002
    Observational studyHair Health forVitamin C
  9. Dexpanthenol enhances skin barrier repair and reduces inflammation after sodium lauryl sulphate-induced irritation.
    Proksch E; Nissen HP · The Journal of dermatological treatment · 2009
    Randomized trialSkin Health forVitamin B5
  10. Low serum biotinidase activity in children with valproic acid monotherapy.
    Schulpis KH; Karikas GA; Tjamouranis J; Regoutas S; Tsakiris S · Epilepsia · 2001
    Clinical trial125 participantsHair Health forBiotin
  11. Exploring auxotrophy and engineering vitamin B6 prototrophy in the acetogen Clostridium sp. AWRP.
    Kwon SJ; Lee J; Lee HS · Applied and environmental microbiology · 2024
    Clinical trialMetabolism Boost forVitamin B5
  12. Removal of synthetic hair dye using formamidine sulfinic acid and other sulfinate precursors.
    Hawkes JA; Lewis DM; Mama J; Murray J · International journal of cosmetic science · 2026
    Methods validation studyHair Health forVitamin C
  13. Comparative trial of 5% dexpanthenol in water-in-oil formulation with 1% hydrocortisone ointment in the treatment of childhood atopic dermatitis: a pilot study.
    Udompataikul M; Limpa-o-vart D · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2012
    Non-randomized trial30 participantsSkin Health forVitamin B5
  14. Pantothenate utilization by Plasmodium as a target for antimalarial chemotherapy.
    Spry C; van Schalkwyk DA; Strauss E; Saliba KJ · Infectious disorders drug targets · 2010
    Narrative reviewMetabolism Boost forVitamin B5
  15. The Role of Sesbania grandiflora-Derived Biotin and Bambusa arundinacea-Derived Silica Extracts in Promoting Hair, Skin, and Nail Health: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study.
    Patel MN; Maheshvari J; Patel N · Cureus · 2025
    Randomized trial105 participantsHair Health forBiotin
  16. Management of hair loss associated with endocrine therapy in patients with breast cancer: an overview.
    Karatas F; Sahin S; Sever AR; Altundag K · SpringerPlus · 2016
    Narrative reviewHair Health forVitamin C
  17. Dexpanthenol modulates gene expression in skin wound healing in vivo.
    Heise R; Skazik C; Marquardt Y; Czaja K; Sebastian K; Kurschat P; Gan L; Denecke B; Ekanayake-Bohlig S; Wilhelm KP; Merk HF; Baron JM · Skin pharmacology and physiology · 2013
    Clinical trialSkin Health forVitamin B5
  18. Pantothenate synthetase is essential but not limiting for pantothenate biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.
    Jonczyk R; Ronconi S; Rychlik M; Genschel U · Plant molecular biology · 2008
    OtherMetabolism Boost forVitamin B5
  19. A Zinc Sulphate-Resistant Acrodermatitis Enteropathica Patient with a Novel Mutation in SLC39A4 Gene.
    Kilic M; Taskesen M; Coskun T; Gürakan F; Tokatli A; Sivri HS; Dursun A; Schmitt S; Küry S · JIMD reports · 2013
    Case reportHair Health forVitamin C
  20. Panthenyl triacetate transformation, stimulation of metabolic pathways, and wound-healing properties in the human skin.
    Dell'Acqua G; Schweikert K · Journal of cosmetic science · 2012
    Randomized trialSkin Health forVitamin B5
  21. Optimum nutrition: thiamin, biotin and pantothenate.
    Bender DA · The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society · 1999
    Narrative reviewMetabolism Boost forVitamin B5
  22. Serum metabolites of hypertension among Chinese adolescents aged 12-17 years.
    Sun J; Ding W; Liu X; Zhao M; Xi B · Journal of human hypertension · 2022
    Other77 participantsMetabolism Boost forVitamin B5
  23. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of a novel pantothenic Acid-based dietary supplement in subjects with mild to moderate facial acne.
    Yang M; Moclair B; Hatcher V; Kaminetsky J; Mekas M; Chapas A; Capodice J · Dermatology and therapy · 2014
    Randomized trial48 participantsSkin Health forVitamin B5
  24. Metabolic profiles of exercise in patients with McArdle disease or mitochondrial myopathy.
    Delaney NF; Sharma R; Tadvalkar L; Clish CB; Haller RG; Mootha VK · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018
    OtherMetabolism Boost forVitamin B5
  25. Biochemical and clinical study of calcium pantetheine-S-sulfonate.
    Hayakawa R; Matsunaga K; Ukei C; Ohiwa K · Acta vitaminologica et enzymologica · 1985
    Clinical trial50 participantsSkin Health forVitamin B5
  26. Dual-omics analysis reveals B vitamin regulation and metabolism in Areca Catechu inflorescence.
    Jiang W; Liu X; Li W; Yang J; Li P; Xie M; Zhou G · BMC genomics · 2026
    OtherMetabolism Boost forVitamin B5
  27. Efficacy of Vitamin C as Glucocorticoid Substitute for Reducing Pain and Inflammation After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Jiang W; Xu H; Jiang X; Zhan Y; Ju Y; Xie J; Huang Z; Huang Q; Pei F · The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume · 2025
    Randomized trial107 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  28. The Impact of Vitamin C on Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Hemostatic Outcomes After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Moftakhari Hajimirzaei S; Bagherzadeh Cham M; Dolikhani M; Tabatabaee SM; Ebrahimpour A · The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2026
    Meta-analysis1,162 participants10 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  29. The impact of vitamin C supplementation on the perioperative outcomes after total hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Liu X; Guo J; Li Y; Yang Y; Liu M; Gao Q; Yang Y; Wu X; Yue C · BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026
    Meta-analysis852 participants8 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  30. Therapeutic Impact of Ascorbic Acid on Oral and Periodontal Tissues: A Systematic Literature Review.
    Ruzijevaite G; Acaite E; Jagelaviciene E · Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025
    Systematic review811 participants17 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  31. Oral vitamin C administration reduces early recurrence rates after electrical cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation and attenuates associated inflammation.
    Korantzopoulos P; Kolettis TM; Kountouris E; Dimitroula V; Karanikis P; Pappa E; Siogas K; Goudevenos JA · International journal of cardiology · 2005
    Randomized trial44 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forVitamin C
  32. Zinc decreases C-reactive protein, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory cytokines in elderly subjects: a potential implication of zinc as an atheroprotective agent.
    Bao B; Prasad AS; Beck FW; Fitzgerald JT; Snell D; Bao GW; Singh T; Cardozo LJ · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2010
    Randomized trial40 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  33. Zinc Supplementation in Individuals with Prediabetes and type 2 Diabetes: a GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis.
    Nazari M; Nikbaf-Shandiz M; Pashayee-Khamene F; Bagheri R; Goudarzi K; Hosseinnia NV; Dolatshahi S; Omran HS; Amirani N; Ashtary-Larky D; Asbaghi O; Ghanavati M · Biological trace element research · 2024
    Meta-analysis23 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  34. The Effects of Zinc Supplementation on C-Reactive Protein and Inflammatory Cytokines: A Meta-Analysis and Systematical Review.
    Ceylan MN; Akdas S; Yazihan N · Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2022
    Meta-analysis73 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  35. The Effects of Zinc Sulfate Supplementation on Serum Copeptin, C-Reactive Protein and Metabolic Markers in Zinc-Deficient Diabetic Patients on Hemodialysis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
    Hosseini R; Montazerifar F; Shahraki E; Karajibani M; Mokhtari AM; Dashipour AR; Ferns GA; Jalali M · Biological trace element research · 2021
    Randomized trial46 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  36. Zinc supplementation and cardiovascular disease risk factors: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
    Nazari M; Ashtary-Larky D; Nikbaf-Shandiz M; Goudarzi K; Bagheri R; Dolatshahi S; Omran HS; Amirani N; Ghanavati M; Asbaghi O · Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2023
    Meta-analysis75 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support forZinc
  37. Choline and contribution to normal liver function of the foetus and exclusively breastfed infants: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food allergens (NDA); Turck D; Bohn T; Castenmiller J; De Henauw S; Hirsch-Ernst KI; Knutsen HK; Maciuk A; Mangelsdorf I; McArdle HJ; Naska A; Pentieva K; Thies F; Tsabouri S; Vinceti M; Bresson JL; Fiolet T; Siani A · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024
    Guideline / consensusDetoxification forCholine
  38. Adiposity May Moderate the Link Between Choline Intake and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
    Mazidi M; Katsiki N; Mikhailidis DP; Banach M · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · 2020
    Cross-sectional study20,643 participantsDetoxification forCholine
  39. Choline and Choline-Related Metabolites in Pediatric Short Bowel Syndrome.
    Hilberath J; Shunova A; Heister L; Poets CF; Bernhard W · Nutrients · 2026
    Observational study80 participantsDetoxification forCholine
  40. Choline Supplementation in Cystic Fibrosis-The Metabolic and Clinical Impact.
    Bernhard W; Lange R; Graepler-Mainka U; Engel C; Machann J; Hund V; Shunova A; Hector A; Riethmüller J · Nutrients · 2019
    Single-arm trial10 participantsDetoxification forCholine
  41. 1H MR Spectroscopy at 3T for Hepatic Choline Quantification in Healthy Young Women: A Translational Imaging Study with Dietary Correlation.
    Hawesa H; Alghamdi R; Allam H; Alfaifi B; Alrabiah N; Alghumaiz M; Shanawani M; Alshegri H; Hassan MG · Current medical imaging · 2026
    Cohort study88 participantsDetoxification forCholine
  42. Vitamin C supplementation ameliorates liver function profile and antiviral treatment response in Hepatitis C patients.
    Nayila I; Javed MS; Khan MA; Hussain G; Raza Naqvi SA; Ali S; Jabeen Z; Shahnawaz S; Akram R; Iman T; Hassan Dogar MZ; Malik SA · Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2022
    Non-randomized trial200 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  43. Effect of ascorbic acid-rich diet on in vivo-induced oxidative stress.
    Alleva R; Di Donato F; Strafella E; Staffolani S; Nocchi L; Borghi B; Pignotti E; Santarelli L; Tomasetti M · The British journal of nutrition · 2012
    Non-randomized trial46 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  44. Dietary Vitamin C Intake Is Associated With Improved Liver Function and Glucose Metabolism in Chinese Adults.
    Luo X; Zhang W; He Z; Yang H; Gao J; Wu P; Ma ZF · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Observational study8,307 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  45. Plasma ascorbate deficiency is associated with impaired reduction of sulfamethoxazole-nitroso in HIV infection.
    Trepanier LA; Yoder AR; Bajad S; Beckwith MD; Bellehumeur JL; Graziano FM · Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2005
    Observational studyDetoxification forVitamin C
  46. Roles of endogenous ascorbate and glutathione in the cellular reduction and cytotoxicity of sulfamethoxazole-nitroso.
    Lavergne SN; Kurian JR; Bajad SU; Maki JE; Yoder AR; Guzinski MV; Graziano FM; Trepanier LA · Toxicology · 2006
    Clinical trial53 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  47. Intakes of Folate, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin B12 in Relation to All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A National Population-Based Cohort.
    Bo Y; Xu H; Zhang H; Zhang J; Wan Z; Zhao X; Yu Z · Nutrients · 2022
    Cohort study55,569 participantsGeneral Health forFolate
  48. The responsiveness of plasma homocysteine to small increases in dietary folic acid: a primary care study.
    Schorah CJ; Devitt H; Lucock M; Dowell AC · European journal of clinical nutrition · 1998
    Randomized trial119 participantsGeneral Health forFolate
  49. Associations of Serum Folate and Homocysteine Concentrations with All-Cause, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer Mortality in Men and Women in Korea: the Cardiovascular Disease Association Study.
    Song S; Song BM; Park HY · The Journal of nutrition · 2023
    Cohort study21,260 participantsGeneral Health forFolate
  50. The concept of folic acid supplementation and its role in prevention of neural tube defect among pregnant women: PRISMA.
    Seyoum Tola F · Medicine · 2024
    Systematic reviewGeneral Health forFolate
  51. Systematic review of adverse health outcomes associated with high serum or red blood cell folate concentrations.
    Colapinto CK; O'Connor DL; Sampson M; Williams B; Tremblay MS · Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2017
    Systematic review71,847 participants46 studies pooledGeneral Health forFolate
  52. Dietary intake and blood concentrations of antioxidants and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
    Aune D; Keum N; Giovannucci E; Fadnes LT; Boffetta P; Greenwood DC; Tonstad S; Vatten LJ; Riboli E; Norat T · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019
    Meta-analysis69 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin C
  53. Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to vitamin C and increasing non haem iron absorption pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusGeneral Health forVitamin C
  54. Vitamin C Depletion and All-Cause Mortality in Renal Transplant Recipients.
    Sotomayor CG; Eisenga MF; Gomes Neto AW; Ozyilmaz A; Gans ROB; Jong WHA; Zelle DM; Berger SP; Gaillard CAJM; Navis GJ; Bakker SJ · Nutrients · 2018
    Cohort study598 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  55. Associations of Serum Biomarkers of Fruit and Vegetable Intake With the Risk of Cause-Specific Mortality and All-Cause Mortality: A National Prospective Cohort Study.
    Pu L; Zhang R; Wang X; Zhao T; Sun H; Han L · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Cohort study12,530 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  56. Relation between plasma ascorbic acid and mortality in men and women in EPIC-Norfolk prospective study: a prospective population study. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
    Khaw KT; Bingham S; Welch A; Luben R; Wareham N; Oakes S; Day N · Lancet (London, England) · 2001
    Cohort study19,496 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin C
  57. Effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate and zinc chloride mouthwashes in the treatment of oral mucositis and quality of life in patients with cancer under chemotherapy.
    Mohammadi F; Oshvandi K; Kamallan SR; Khazaei S; Ranjbar H; Ahmadi-Motamayel F; Gillespie M; Jenabi E; Vafaei SY · Nursing open · 2022
    Randomized trial144 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  58. Zinc supplementation in young children with acute diarrhea in India.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Bhan MK; Bhandari N; Sinha A; Jalla S · The New England journal of medicine · 1995
    Randomized trial937 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  59. Associations of mortality with ocular disorders and an intervention of high-dose antioxidants and zinc in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS Report No. 13.
    Clemons TE; Kurinij N; Sperduto RD; AREDS Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2004
    Randomized trial4,753 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  60. Effects of zinc and probiotic co-supplementation on inflammation, gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life, and mood in irritable bowel syndrome patients.
    Rezazadegan M; Soheilipour M; Amani R · Scientific reports · 2026
    Randomized trial84 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  61. Effect of zinc sulfate supplementation on premenstrual syndrome and health-related quality of life: Clinical randomized controlled trial.
    Siahbazi S; Behboudi-Gandevani S; Moghaddam-Banaem L; Montazeri A · The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2018
    Randomized trial142 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  62. Hair Loss After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
    Zhang W; Fan M; Wang C; Mahawar K; Parmar C; Chen W; Yang W; Global Bariatric Research Collaborative · Obesity surgery · 2021
    Meta-analysis2,538 participants18 studies pooledHair Health forFolate
  63. Quantitative Analysis of Selected Circulating Hematological Biomarkers, Essential Minerals, Vitamins, and Thyroid Hormones in Females Affected by Hair Loss.
    Al-Fawaeir S; Al-Odat I · Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Case-control study200 participantsHair Health forFolate
  64. Twelve weeks of protracted venous infusion of fluorouracil (5-FU) is as effective as 6 months of bolus 5-FU and folinic acid as adjuvant treatment in colorectal cancer.
    Saini A; Norman AR; Cunningham D; Chau I; Hill M; Tait D; Hickish T; Iveson T; Lofts F; Jodrell D; Ross PJ; Oates J · British journal of cancer · 2003
    Randomized trialHair Health forFolate
  65. Role of oxaliplatin combined with 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid in the first- and second-line treatment of advanced colorectal cancer.
    Jonker D; Rumble RB; Maroun J; Gastrointestinal Cancer Disease Site Groupof Cancer Care Ontario’s Program in Evidence-Based Care · Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2012
    Randomized trialHair Health forFolate
  66. Phase I-II study of vinorelbine in combination with 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid as first-line chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer: a regimen with a low subjective toxic burden.
    Nolè F; de Braud F; Aapro M; Minchella I; De Pas TM; Zampino MG; Monti S; Andreoni G; Goldhirsch A · Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 1997
    Randomized trialHair Health forFolate
  67. Topical tretinoin for hair growth promotion.
    Bazzano GS; Terezakis N; Galen W · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 1986
    Non-randomized trial56 participantsHair Health forVitamin A
  68. A review of isotretinoin in the treatment of frontal fibrosing alopecia.
    Shahpar A; Nezhad NZ; Sahaf AS; Ahramiyanpour N · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2024
    Systematic review232 participants15 studies pooledHair Health forVitamin A
  69. Efficacy of Isotretinoin and Acitretin in Treatment of Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: Retrospective Analysis of 54 Cases.
    Rakowska A; Gradzińska A; Olszewska M; Rudnicka L · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2018
    Cohort study54 participantsHair Health forVitamin A
  70. Systemic Treatments for Lichen Planopilaris and Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Retrospective Study of 315 Patients.
    Willaert M; Van Dongen T; Dikrama P; Nijsten T; Hijnen D; Waalboer-Spuij R · Acta dermato-venereologica · 2025
    Cohort study315 participantsHair Health forVitamin A
  71. Tretinoin enhances minoxidil response in androgenetic alopecia patients by upregulating follicular sulfotransferase enzymes.
    Sharma A; Goren A; Dhurat R; Agrawal S; Sinclair R; Trüeb RM; Vañó-Galván S; Chen G; Tan Y; Kovacevic M; Situm M; McCoy J · Dermatologic therapy · 2020
    Single-arm trialHair Health forVitamin A
  72. The effects of minoxidil, 1% pyrithione zinc and a combination of both on hair density: a randomized controlled trial.
    Berger RS; Fu JL; Smiles KA; Turner CB; Schnell BM; Werchowski KM; Lammers KM · The British journal of dermatology · 2003
    Randomized trial200 participantsHair Health forZinc
  73. Incubatory environment of the scalp impacts pre-emergent hair to affect post-emergent hair cuticle integrity.
    Schwartz JR; Henry JP; Kerr KM; Flagler MJ; Page SH; Redman-Furey N · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2018
    Randomized trialHair Health forZinc
  74. A comparison of hair quality and cosmetic acceptance following the use of two anti-dandruff shampoos.
    Draelos ZD; Kenneally DC; Hodges LT; Billhimer W; Copas M; Margraf C · The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings · 2006
    Randomized trial40 participantsHair Health forZinc
  75. BMI and levels of zinc, copper in hair, serum and urine of Turkish male patients with androgenetic alopecia.
    Ozturk P; Kurutas E; Ataseven A; Dokur N; Gumusalan Y; Gorur A; Tamer L; Inaloz S · Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2015
    Case-control study216 participantsHair Health forZinc
  76. Analysis of serum zinc and copper concentrations in hair loss.
    Kil MS; Kim CW; Kim SS · Annals of dermatology · 2013
    Case-control study342 participantsHair Health forZinc
  77. Depressed immune response to tetanus in children with vitamin A deficiency.
    Semba RD; Muhilal; Scott AL; Natadisastra G; Wirasasmita S; Mele L; Ridwan E; West KP; Sommer A · The Journal of nutrition · 1992
    Randomized trial236 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  78. Impact of a single megadose of vitamin A at delivery on breastmilk of mothers and morbidity of their infants.
    Roy SK; Islam A; Molla A; Akramuzzaman SM; Jahan F; Fuchs G · European journal of clinical nutrition · 1997
    Randomized trial50 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  79. Vitamin A supplementation reduces measles morbidity in young African children: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.
    Coutsoudis A; Broughton M; Coovadia HM · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1991
    Randomized trial60 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  80. Vitamin A supplementation enhances specific IgG antibody levels and total lymphocyte numbers while improving morbidity in measles.
    Coutsoudis A; Kiepiela P; Coovadia HM; Broughton M · The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 1992
    Randomized trial60 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  81. Vitamin A supplementation reduces the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 intestinal immune response of Mexican children.
    Long KZ; Santos JI; Estrada Garcia T; Haas M; Firestone M; Bhagwat J; Dupont HL; Hertzmark E; Rosado JL; Nanthakumar NN · The Journal of nutrition · 2006
    Randomized trial127 participantsImmunity forVitamin A
  82. Vitamin C and contribution to the normal function of the immune system: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusImmunity forVitamin C
  83. Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.
    Sun L; Zhao JH; Fan WY; Feng B; Liu WW; Chen RQ; Ban C; Dang AG; Wang M; Luo KT; Zhou GY; Yu FF; Ba Y · Nutrition reviews · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,334 participants14 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  84. Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Abioye AI; Bromage S; Fawzi W · BMJ global health · 2021
    Meta-analysisImmunity forVitamin C
  85. New evidence for antioxidant properties of vitamin C.
    Vojdani A; Bazargan M; Vojdani E; Wright J · Cancer detection and prevention · 2001
    Randomized trial20 participantsImmunity forVitamin C
  86. Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults.
    Calder PC; Kreider RB; McKay DL · Nutrients · 2025
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  87. Nutrient supplementation for prevention of viral respiratory tract infections in healthy subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Vlieg-Boerstra B; de Jong N; Meyer R; Agostoni C; De Cosmi V; Grimshaw K; Milani GP; Muraro A; Oude Elberink H; Pali-Schöll I; Roduit C; Sasaki M; Skypala I; Sokolowska M; van Splunter M; Untersmayr E; Venter C; O'Mahony L; Nwaru BI · Allergy · 2022
    Meta-analysis199,055 participants115 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  88. Zinc supplementation reduces the incidence of acute lower respiratory infections in infants and preschool children: a double-blind, controlled trial.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Jalla S; Mazumdar S; Sinha A; Bhan MK · Pediatrics · 1998
    Randomized trial609 participantsImmunity forZinc
  89. A randomized controlled trial of zinc supplementation in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infection in Thai children.
    Rerksuppaphol S; Rerksuppaphol L · Pediatric reports · 2020
    Randomized trial64 participantsImmunity forZinc
  90. The effect of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on immune response in an older population.
    Fortes C; Forastiere F; Agabiti N; Fano V; Pacifici R; Virgili F; Piras G; Guidi L; Bartoloni C; Tricerri A; Zuccaro P; Ebrahim S; Perucci CA · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 1998
    Randomized trial136 participantsImmunity forZinc
  91. The role of specific nutrients in preventing immune system and blood cell disorders: an umbrella review.
    Vecchietti A; Strano P; Minutolo G; Grieco V; Cappuccio G; Granvillano G; Confalonieri L; Briganti GL; Raso E; Chimienti M; Pellegrini M; Mercogliano M; Spatari G; Lugli C; Urbano T; Lorenzon A · Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2026
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  92. Efficacy and Tolerability of Topical 0.1% Stabilized Bioactive Retinol for Photoaging: A Vehicle-Controlled Integrated Analysis.
    Farris P; Berson D; Bhatia N; Goldberg D; Lain E; Mariwalla K; Zeichner J; Miller D; McGuire T; Kizoulis M · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2024
    Meta-analysis471 participants6 studies pooledSkin Health forVitamin A
  93. Tensile properties and contours of aging facial skin. A controlled double-blind comparative study of the effects of retinol, melibiose-lactose and their association.
    Piérard-Franchimont C; Castelli D; Cromphaut IV; Bertin C; Ries G; Cauwenbergh G; Piérard GE · Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2016
    Randomized trial120 participantsSkin Health forVitamin A
  94. Antiaging action of retinol: from molecular to clinical.
    Bellemère G; Stamatas GN; Bruère V; Bertin C; Issachar N; Oddos T · Skin pharmacology and physiology · 2009
    Randomized trial48 participantsSkin Health forVitamin A
  95. An Updated Review of Topical Tretinoin in Dermatology: From Acne and Photoaging to Skin Cancer.
    Balado-Simó P; Morgado-Carrasco D; Gómez-Armayones S; López-Ferrer A; Barco D; Ferrándiz-Pulido C; Podlipnik S · Journal of clinical medicine · 2025
    Narrative reviewSkin Health forVitamin A
  96. Novel Cyclized Hexapeptide-9 Outperforms Retinol Against Skin Aging: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Active- and Vehicle-Controlled Clinical Trial.
    Chang H; Tao K; Yang Y; Wang Y; Ge M; Wang X; Tang S; Yu H · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025
    Randomized trialSkin Health forVitamin A
  97. Evaluation of the anti-wrinkle effect of an ascorbic acid-loaded dissolving microneedle patch via a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study.
    Lee C; Yang H; Kim S; Kim M; Kang H; Kim N; An S; Koh J; Jung H · International journal of cosmetic science · 2017
    Randomized trial23 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  98. Comparative Study on the Outcome of Periorbital Wrinkles Treated with Laser-Assisted Delivery of Vitamin C or Vitamin C Plus Growth Factors: A Randomized, Double-blind, Clinical Trial.
    Machado BHB; Frame J; Zhang J; Najlah M · Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2021
    Randomized trial149 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  99. Randomized trial of topical ascorbic acid in DMSO versus imiquimod for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.
    Burke B; Bailie JE · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022
    Randomized trial25 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  100. Vitamin C improves healing of foot ulcers: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Gunton JE; Girgis CM; Lau T; Vicaretti M; Begg L; Flood V · The British journal of nutrition · 2022
    Randomized trial16 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C
  101. Dietary nutrient intakes and skin-aging appearance among middle-aged American women.
    Cosgrove MC; Franco OH; Granger SP; Murray PG; Mayes AE · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2007
    Cross-sectional study4,025 participantsSkin Health forVitamin C