Product Image

Alive! Women's 50+ Ultra Potency Complete Multivitamin

Nature's Way
4.7
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(17072 ratings)
Iodine 150 mcg
Niacin 40 mg
Vitamin B6 20 mg
Manganese 5.8 mg
Selenium 200 mcg
Thiamin 20 mg
Vitamin B5 20 mg
Product Image
Score61
A convenient iron-free one-a-day with good basic vitamins and excellent supply length, but low minerals and token specialty ingredients limit depth.
How scoring works
Quantity:150 Tablet(s) • (150 servings)
Goals:
General Health
Immunity
Bone Health
Energy

Score 61

A convenient iron-free one-a-day with good basic vitamins and excellent supply length, but low minerals and token specialty ingredients limit depth.
How scoring works
$38.49($0.25 per serving)
Vitacost
$ 42.35
iHerb
$ 38.49
Vitacost
$ 42.35
Report prices

Analysis

Vitamin D3, natural vitamin E, methylcobalamin, vitamin C, selenium, iodine, and a broad B-complex create useful iron-free coverage for older adults. The 150-serving bottle is convenient and economical.

Calcium and magnesium are modest and use basic forms, while choline and lutein are low. The many listed fruit and vegetable components appear to be parts of a small shared blend rather than meaningful standalone servings.

It fits women over 50 seeking inexpensive general coverage without iron. Users needing substantial bone minerals, eye carotenoids, or targeted cardiovascular support should not rely on the blend names.

Who is it for
  • Women over 50 seeking an iron-free multivitamin
  • Users wanting a long one-tablet supply
  • People prioritizing basic vitamins over specialty blends
Best for
  • General micronutrient coverage
  • Vitamin D and B12 intake
  • Low-cost iron-free use

Pros

  • One-tablet serving
  • Uses vitamin D3 and methylcobalamin
  • Natural vitamin E
  • Long 150-serving supply

Cons

  • Calcium and magnesium are modest
  • Choline and lutein are low
  • Many blend components are token amounts
  • Mineral forms are basic

Warnings

  • Vitamin K may interfere with warfarin and related medicines
  • The 200 mcg selenium serving can become excessive when stacked with other selenium supplements
  • Users with kidney-related mineral restrictions should review the calcium and magnesium content

Nutrient quality

52 Moderate impact

Vitamin D3, natural vitamin E, and methylcobalamin are useful, while folic acid, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, and sodium selenate are weaker. Core vitamins are substantial, but calcium, magnesium, choline, lutein, and most specialty actives remain modest.

Ingredient transparency

49 Lower impact

Core nutrients have amounts, but numerous specialty blends provide only totals or confusing repeated values. Energy, cardio, greens, fiber, mushroom, and enzyme blends hide individual doses.

Customer satisfaction

77 High impact

The supplied average rating is very strong. A large evidence base adds reliability, but no specific experience or complaint themes were provided.

Value for money

72 High impact

The very low serving cost and broad vitamins support value, but weak mineral forms and token blends reduce quality. The formula compares favorably with similar products on quality and cost.

Report analysis

Goals

General Health
General Health
Impact
Highest effect
A Goal FitB Strength of SupportA- CoverageC+ Formula Quality
Folate · 400 mcg DFEVitamin B12 · 90 mcgVitamin D · 50 mcgMagnesium · 105 mgVitamin K · 150 mcgSelenium · 200 mcgZinc · 11 mgVitamin C · 180 mg

A comprehensive vitamin and mineral base supports many common nutritional gaps in older women. Vitamin D3 and methylcobalamin are strengths, while several mineral forms and folic acid are less preferred choices.

Core nutrients have exact amounts, but magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, sodium selenate, and other basic forms limit absorption quality. Numerous tiny fruit, herb, mushroom, and specialty blends add marketing breadth without meaningful disclosed depth. Vitamin K1 can counteract warfarin and other vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants, so users of those medicines should keep intake consistent and coordinate changes with their prescriber.

Study evidence
Magnesium Supportive 114 studies
Vitamin K Supportive 34 studies
Zinc Supportive 60 studies
Immunity
Immunity
Impact
High effect
A- Goal FitC+ Strength of SupportA- CoverageD+ Formula Quality
Magnesium · 105 mgVitamin C · 180 mgZinc · 11 mgVitamin A · 1350 mcgVitamin D · 50 mcgSelenium · 200 mcg

Vitamins A, C, and D3 with zinc and selenium cover barrier, cellular, and antioxidant immune functions. Vitamin D3 and selenium are supplied at substantial amounts.

Zinc oxide and sodium selenate are less favorable forms, while vitamin C and zinc remain below focused immune doses. A long series of tiny fruit, vegetable, mushroom, energy, and enzyme blends adds label clutter without meaningful immune depth.

Study evidence
Selenium Mixed 37 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 53 studies
Zinc Supportive 73 studies
Bone Health
Healthy Bone RemodelingBone Mineral Preservation
Bone Health
Impact
High effect
B Goal FitC- Strength of SupportB CoverageC+ Formula Quality
Vitamin K · 150 mcgMagnesium · 105 mgCalcium · 130 mgVitamin D · 50 mcgCopper · 0.8 mgManganese · 5.8 mgZinc · 11 mgVitamin C · 180 mg

Calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, vitamin K1, manganese, zinc, and copper give this older-adult multivitamin broad bone relevance. Manganese reaches a useful amount, while calcium and magnesium are moderate and rely mainly on less-absorbable forms.

The one-tablet format covers mineral supply and several supporting cofactors conveniently. Vitamin K1 can oppose warfarin and other vitamin K antagonists, so users of those medicines should keep intake consistent.

Study evidence
Calcium Supportive 144 studies
Copper Disputed 20 studies
Magnesium Supportive 48 studies
Manganese Adverse 12 studies
Vitamin D Supportive 202 studies
Vitamin K Supportive 78 studies
Zinc Supportive 33 studies
Energy
Essential Energy Nutrients
Energy
Impact
High effect
A- Goal FitC- Strength of SupportB- CoverageD Formula Quality
Iodine · 150 mcgVitamin D · 50 mcgVitamin B5 · 20 mgMagnesium · 105 mgRiboflavin · 20 mgThiamin · 20 mgVitamin B12 · 90 mcg

B vitamins and iodine provide relevant support for nutrient metabolism and thyroid-driven energy regulation. Methylcobalamin improves B12 quality, though its amount remains below the focused threshold.

Magnesium oxide is both modest and poorly absorbed, while the tiny energy blend cannot be evaluated ingredient by ingredient. A very long fruit, vegetable, mushroom, enzyme, and specialty list adds little dependable energy depth.

Study evidence
Iodine Adverse 3 studies
Magnesium Supportive 4 studies
Detoxification
Glutathione Support
Detoxification
Impact
Moderate effect
D+ Goal FitD+ Strength of SupportC CoverageD+ Formula Quality
Folate · 400 mcg DFEVitamin B12 · 90 mcgVitamin B6 · 20 mgMolybdenum · 45 mcgSelenium · 200 mcgMagnesium · 105 mgVitamin E · 15 mgZinc · 11 mgVitamin C · 180 mgCholine · 11 mgRiboflavin · 20 mg

Selenium, molybdenum, vitamin C, folate, and B vitamins support antioxidant enzymes and methylation. The formula lacks NAC, milk thistle, taurine, or another primary liver-focused active.

Selenium is adequately dosed, while molybdenum and choline are low and use conventional forms. The multivitamin provides broad cofactor coverage with little detox-specific depth.

Study evidence
Choline Supportive 6 studies
Folate Supportive 16 studies
Molybdenum Adverse 1 study
Selenium Supportive 10 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 9 studies
Metabolism Boost
Metabolic Hormone BalanceMetabolic B-Vitamins
Metabolism Boost
Impact
Moderate effect
C- Goal FitC- Strength of SupportC CoverageD- Formula Quality
Biotin · 33 mcgNiacin · 40 mgVitamin B12 · 90 mcgRiboflavin · 20 mgThiamin · 20 mgVitamin B5 · 20 mgVitamin B6 · 20 mgVitamin D · 50 mcgZinc · 11 mgMagnesium · 105 mg

Iodine and selenium support thyroid status while vitamin D3 and B vitamins support energy metabolism. The formula supports nutrient-dependent energy metabolism but does not directly stimulate thermogenesis.

Vitamin D3 and selenium are substantial, but magnesium is modest and uses oxide. Its broad design is more useful for nutritional coverage than for a noticeable increase in metabolic rate.

Study evidence
Iodine Mixed 17 studies
Magnesium Supportive 61 studies
Selenium Mixed 28 studies
Heart Health
Heart Health
Impact
Moderate effect
C Goal FitD+ Strength of SupportD+ CoverageD Formula Quality
Vitamin K · 150 mcgMagnesium · 105 mgVitamin B12 · 90 mcgVitamin B6 · 20 mgFolate · 400 mcg DFEVitamin D · 50 mcg

B vitamins, vitamin D3, selenium, and magnesium provide some homocysteine and nutritional support. The once-daily multivitamin offers broad background coverage for older women.

Vitamin K is K1, folate is folic acid, magnesium is oxide, and small proprietary blends lack meaningful potency. The tiny cardio blend and numerous fruit entries add label breadth rather than credible cardiovascular depth.

Study evidence
Folate Supportive 116 studies
Magnesium Supportive 158 studies
Selenium Mixed 89 studies
Vitamin K Mixed 62 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Vitamin A
1350 mcg
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
 180 mg
Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol)
 50 mcg
Vitamin E (D-Alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate)
 15 mg
Vitamin K (Phytonadione)
 150 mcg
Thiamine (Thiamine Mononitrate)
 20 mg
Riboflavin
20 mg
Niacin (Niacinamide)
 40 mg
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride)
 20 mg
Folate (Folic Acid)
 400 mcg DFE
Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin)
 90 mcg
Biotin
33 mcg
Pantothenic Acid (D-Calcium Pantothenate)
 20 mg
Choline (Choline Bitartrate)
 11 mg
Calcium (Calcium Carbonate, Dicalcium Phosphate)
 130 mg
Iodine (Potassium Iodate)
 150 mcg
Magnesium (Magnesium Oxide)
 105 mg
Zinc (Zinc Oxide)
 11 mg
Selenium (Sodium Selenate)
 200 mcg
Copper (Copper Sulfate)
 0.8 mg
Manganese (Manganese Sulfate)
 5.8 mg
Molybdenum (Sodium Molybdate)
 45 mcg
Orchard Fruits & Garden Veggies Powder Blend (Cherry, Plum, Strawberry, Apple, Beet, Raspberry, Acai, Asparagus, Banana, Broccoli, Brussels Sprout, Blueberry, Orange, Carrot, Pomegranate, Pear, Tomato, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Cranberry, Cucumber, Grape, Pea, Pineapple, Pumpkin, Spinach)
 60 mg
Mind & Body Energy Blend
30 mg
Cardio Blend
20 mg
Citrus Bioflavonoid Complex (Orange, Grapefruit, Lemon, Lime, Tangerine)
 20 mg
CranRx Cranberry Fruit Concentrate
20 mg
Daily Greens Blend
20 mg
Flax Lignan/Fiber Blend
20 mg
Mushroom Mycelial & Primordia Biomass Defense Blend
20 mg
Inositol
10 mg
Digestive Enzyme Blend
7 mg
Rutin (Sophora japonica flower bud extract)
 5 mg
Lutein (Aztec Marigold Flower Extract)
 1 mg
Gluten Free Women Women 50+ Vegetarian
Report overview
Iodine (Potassium Iodate) · 150 mcg OverallScore91
A- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyB+ Value

Potassium iodate is a stable iodine source, though it is less directly aligned than the preferred iodide forms. The clearly stated daily amount matches routine maintenance and remains comfortably below the upper intake limit. A favorable serving cost provides good value within the broader multivitamin formula.

View ingredientView products
Niacin (Niacinamide) · 40 mg OverallScore85
B- Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value

Niacinamide fits a general multinutrient role but is not a targeted heart or NAD precursor form. The 40 mg amount fits the preferred multivitamin range. The broader formula offers very favorable value per dose, while niacinamide has low flush potential, although the product is not explicitly labeled no-flush.

View ingredientView products
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride) · 20 mg OverallScore80
D+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value

pyridoxine hydrochloride with riboflavin support is less metabolically ready than pure pyridoxal 5-phosphate but has some conversion support or phosphorylation. The 20 mg serving sits within the preferred range and below the chronic neuropathy ceiling. Value is excellent for a comprehensive once-daily multivitamin.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
80 Performance

Baby & Me 2 Postnatal Multi

MegaFood
Methylfolate, methylcobalamin, active riboflavin, chelated minerals, choline, and vitamin D3 provide much stronger nutrient-form quality. Iron and relatively high iodine reflect a postnatal design, so the formula may not suit older women without those specific needs.
72 Performance

Multi Vita Min

Pure Synergy
Broad vitamins and trace minerals with vitamin D3 and vitamin K2 create a more refined general-health foundation than the original blend-heavy formula. Unspecified forms and little calcium or magnesium limit its usefulness for older women’s bone-focused needs.
68 Performance

Immune One

Bluebonnet
Methylfolate, methylcobalamin, MK-7, vitamin D, vitamin C, and zinc provide favorable forms and focused immune support. The narrower formula omits some broad multivitamin coverage, while hidden blends prevent full dose assessment.
67 Budget

Prenatal One

Rainbow Light
Iron, iodine, zinc, methylcobalamin, and broad vitamins provide extensive coverage at a lower serving cost. The prenatal focus, vitamin D2, folic acid, low choline, and hidden blends make it a poor fit unless pregnancy-specific needs apply.
60 Budget

Alive! Men's Ultra Potency Complete Multivitamin

Nature's Way
Broad vitamins, methylcobalamin, and natural vitamin E provide lower-cost one-tablet-style coverage. The men’s focus, high thiamine, vitamin D, zinc, and selenium, and many underdosed blends reduce suitability for an older-women formula.
65 Budget

Iron-Free Formula VM-75

Solgar
A broad vitamin base and several chelated minerals improve some mineral forms while maintaining favorable serving value. Very high B-vitamin amounts and modest vitamin D, magnesium, and calcium make it less balanced for long-term older-adult use.
71 Value

Vegan Prenatal Multivitamin & Mineral

DEVA
Broad vitamins plus iron, iodine, folate, and zinc provide extensive coverage at strong serving value. The prenatal design, vitamin D2, folic acid, cyanocobalamin, low choline, and basic mineral forms make the life-stage fit questionable for older women.
66 Value

Formula VM-75

Solgar
Broad vitamin coverage and several chelated minerals provide better form quality in parts of the formula while preserving good value. Very high B vitamins and modest vitamin D, magnesium, and calcium weaken its balance for older-adult use.
71 Value

Daily One Caps without Iron

Twinlab
Natural vitamin E, zinc picolinate, and clearly disclosed amounts offer favorable value and easier label assessment. Preformed vitamin A and high folate, vitamin B6, selenium, and manganese make the formula aggressive for routine long-term use.
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. Effect of niacin therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease.
    Duggal JK; Singh M; Attri N; Singh PP; Ahmed N; Pahwa S; Molnar J; Singh S; Khosla S; Arora R · Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology and therapeutics · 2010
    Meta-analysis5,137 participants7 studies pooledHeart Health forNiacin
  2. Relationship of lipoproteins to cardiovascular events: the AIM-HIGH Trial (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides and Impact on Global Health Outcomes).
    Guyton JR; Slee AE; Anderson T; Fleg JL; Goldberg RB; Kashyap ML; Marcovina SM; Nash SD; O'Brien KD; Weintraub WS; Xu P; Zhao XQ; Boden WE · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2013
    Randomized trial3,414 participantsHeart Health Cardiovascular Support forNiacin
  3. Exploring the Cardiovascular Impacts of Oral Nicotinamide: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.
    Shoukfeh R; Tisack AM; Lim HW; Mohammad TF · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2025
    Narrative reviewHeart Health forNiacin
  4. Association of vitamin K with cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Chen HG; Sheng LT; Zhang YB; Cao AL; Lai YW; Kunutsor SK; Jiang L; Pan A · European journal of nutrition · 2020
    Meta-analysis222,592 participants21 studies pooledHeart Health Cardiovascular Support forVitamin K
  5. Vitamin K Supplementation to Improve Vascular Stiffness in CKD: The K4Kidneys Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Witham MD; Lees JS; White M; Band M; Bell S; Chantler DJ; Ford I; Fulton RL; Kennedy G; Littleford RC; McCrea IV; McGlynn D; Panarelli M; Ralston MR; Rutherford E; Severn A; Thomson N; Traynor JP; Struthers AD; Wetherall K; Mark PB · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2021
    Randomized trial159 participantsHeart Health forVitamin K
  6. Six weeks phylloquinone supplementation produces undesirable effects on blood lipids with no changes in inflammatory and fibrinolytic markers in postmenopausal women.
    Kristensen M; Kudsk J; Bügel S · European journal of nutrition · 2008
    Randomized trial31 participantsHeart Health forVitamin K
  7. Vitamin K and the prevention of fractures: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Cockayne S; Adamson J; Lanham-New S; Shearer MJ; Gilbody S; Torgerson DJ · Archives of internal medicine · 2006
    Meta-analysis13 studies pooledBone Health forVitamin K
  8. Vitamin K supplementation in postmenopausal women with osteopenia (ECKO trial): a randomized controlled trial.
    Cheung AM; Tile L; Lee Y; Tomlinson G; Hawker G; Scher J; Hu H; Vieth R; Thompson L; Jamal S; Josse R · PLoS medicine · 2009
    Randomized trial440 participantsBone Health forVitamin K
  9. Investigating the interrelationship of vitamin K and vitamin D status on bone density: results from the VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL.
    Chou SH; Booth SL; Cook NR; Kim E; Kotler G; Fu X; Buring JE; Manson JE; LeBoff MS · JBMR plus · 2026
    Randomized trial771 participantsBone Health forVitamin K
  10. The Manganese-Bone Connection: Investigating the Role of Manganese in Bone Health.
    Taskozhina G; Batyrova G; Umarova G; Issanguzhina Z; Kereyeva N · Journal of clinical medicine · 2024
    Narrative reviewBone Health forManganese
  11. Relationship between blood manganese and bone mineral density and bone mineral content in adults: A population-based cross-sectional study.
    Wang C; Zhu Y; Long H; Ou M; Zhao S · PloS one · 2022
    Cross-sectional study9,732 participantsBone Health forManganese
  12. Correlation between bone mineral density and serum trace element contents of elderly males in Beijing urban area.
    Wang L; Yu H; Yang G; Zhang Y; Wang W; Su T; Ma W; Yang F; Chen L; He L; Ma Y; Zhang Y · International journal of clinical and experimental medicine · 2016
    Cross-sectional study91 participantsBone Health forManganese
  13. The current state of niacin in cardiovascular disease prevention: a systematic review and meta-regression.
    Lavigne PM; Karas RH · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2013
    Meta-analysis9,959 participants11 studies pooledCardiovascular Support forNiacin
  14. Supplemental Vitamins and Minerals for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment: JACC Focus Seminar.
    Jenkins DJA; Spence JD; Giovannucci EL; Kim YI; Josse RG; Vieth R; Sahye-Pudaruth S; Paquette M; Patel D; Blanco Mejia S; Viguiliouk E; Nishi SK; Kavanagh M; Tsirakis T; Kendall CWC; Pichika SC; Sievenpiper JL · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2021
    Meta-analysisCardiovascular Support forNiacin
  15. Circulating uncarboxylated matrix Gla protein, a marker of vitamin K status, as a risk factor of cardiovascular disease.
    van den Heuvel EG; van Schoor NM; Lips P; Magdeleyns EJ; Deeg DJ; Vermeer C; den Heijer M · Maturitas · 2014
    Cohort study577 participantsCardiovascular Support forVitamin K
  16. Interventions to Attenuate Cardiovascular Calcification Progression: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.
    Murali S; Smith ER; Tiong MK; Tan SJ; Toussaint ND · Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024
    Systematic review9,901 participants49 studies pooledCardiovascular Support forVitamin K
  17. What is the impact of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) plus calcium on the incidence of hip fracture in older people? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Manoj P; Derwin R; George S · International journal of older people nursing · 2023
    Meta-analysis12,620 participants7 studies pooledBone Health forCalcium
  18. Calcium supplementation prevents seasonal bone loss and changes in biochemical markers of bone turnover in elderly New England women: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
    Storm D; Eslin R; Porter ES; Musgrave K; Vereault D; Patton C; Kessenich C; Mohan S; Chen T; Holick MF; Rosen CJ · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 1998
    Randomized trial60 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  19. The effects of calcium supplementation (milk powder or tablets) and exercise on bone density in postmenopausal women.
    Prince R; Devine A; Dick I; Criddle A; Kerr D; Kent N; Price R; Randell A · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 1995
    Randomized trial168 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  20. The efficacy of calcium supplementation alone in elderly Thai women over a 2-year period: a randomized controlled trial.
    Rajatanavin R; Chailurkit L; Saetung S; Thakkinstian A; Nimitphong H · Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2014
    Randomized trial404 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  21. Calcium-enriched foods and bone mass growth in prepubertal girls: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Bonjour JP; Carrie AL; Ferrari S; Clavien H; Slosman D; Theintz G; Rizzoli R · The Journal of clinical investigation · 1997
    Randomized trial149 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  22. The Association between Dietary and Circulating Copper Levels and Osteoporosis: a Scoping Review.
    Ju Y; Xiong W; Pang Y; Chen Z; Hou J; Zheng S; Li Z; Liu T; Xia H; Xia M; Zhong Y; Li J; Jiang X · Biological trace element research · 2026
    Scoping review18 studies pooledBone Health forCopper
  23. Association between dietary copper, iron, zinc, selenium intake and osteopenia or osteoporosis in elderly hypertensive patients: a retrospective cohort study.
    Chen M; Jia L; Gao R · Frontiers in nutrition · 2024
    Cohort study5,286 participantsBone Health forCopper
  24. Associations of dietary copper intake with total bone mineral density and lumbar spine bone mineral density in American adults.
    Hu M; Wang Z; Li C; Zheng Y; Hu J · Medicine · 2025
    Cross-sectional studyBone Health forCopper
  25. The association between dietary mineral intake and bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study.
    Wei M; Wei J; Huang S · Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025
    Cross-sectional study11,520 participantsBone Health forCopper
  26. Association between dietary copper intake and bone mineral density in children and adolescents aged 8-19 years: A cross-sectional study.
    Cui A; Yan J; Li H; Fan Z; Wei X; Wang H; Zhuang Y · PloS one · 2024
    Cross-sectional study6,965 participantsBone Health forCopper
  27. Association between Serum Magnesium and Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
    Dominguez LJ; Veronese N; Ciriminna S; Pérez-Albela JL; Vásquez-López VF; Rodas-Regalado S; Di Bella G; Parisi A; Tagliaferri F; Barbagallo M · Nutrients · 2023
    Meta-analysis119,755 participants4 studies pooledBone Health forMagnesium
  28. Bioabsorbable Magnesium-Based Materials Potential and Safety in Bone Surgery: A Systematic Review.
    Hung CH; Kwok YC; Yip J; Wong HH; Leung YY · Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction · 2025
    Systematic review386 participants8 studies pooledBone Health forMagnesium
  29. Vascularized bone grafting fixed by biodegradable magnesium screw for treating osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
    Zhao D; Huang S; Lu F; Wang B; Yang L; Qin L; Yang K; Li Y; Li W; Wang W; Tian S; Zhang X; Gao W; Wang Z; Zhang Y; Xie X; Wang J; Li J · Biomaterials · 2016
    Randomized trial48 participantsBone Health forMagnesium
  30. An update on magnesium and bone health.
    Rondanelli M; Faliva MA; Tartara A; Gasparri C; Perna S; Infantino V; Riva A; Petrangolini G; Peroni G · Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2022
    Narrative reviewBone Health forMagnesium
  31. Sex-specific differences in the association of magnesium intake with femoral neck bone mineral density among older adults.
    Wang B; Tan X; Yao X; Zhu Z · Endocrine connections · 2025
    Cross-sectional study1,343 participantsBone Health forMagnesium
  32. Risk of Environmental Chemicals on Bone Fractures Is Independent of Low Bone Mass in US Adults: Insights from 2017 to 2018 NHANES.
    Ling R; Ai Y; Chen C; Zhang J; Zou Z; Cheng S; Li C; Li X; Wang B · Metabolites · 2023
    Cross-sectional study2,640 participantsBone Health forManganese
  33. Associations of multiple metals with bone mineral density: A population-based study in US adults.
    Wei MH; Cui Y; Zhou HL; Song WJ; Di DS; Zhang RY; Huang Q; Liu JA; Wang Q · Chemosphere · 2021
    Cross-sectional studyBone Health forManganese
  34. Sex-specific associations of urinary mixed-metal concentrations with femoral bone mineral density among older people: an NHANES (2017-2020) analysis.
    Li H; Li G; Yi M; Zhou J; Deng Y; Huang Y; He S; Meng X; Liu L · Frontiers in public health · 2024
    Cross-sectional study31 participantsBone Health forManganese
  35. Pregnancy vitamin D supplementation and offspring bone mineral density in childhood follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.
    Moon RJ; D' Angelo S; Curtis EM; Ward KA; Crozier SR; Schoenmakers I; Javaid MK; Bishop NJ; Godfrey KM; Cooper C; Harvey NC; MAVIDOS Trial Group · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024
    Randomized trial454 participantsBone Health forVitamin D
  36. Vitamin D analogs and bone: preclinical and clinical studies with eldecalcitol.
    Matsumoto T; Takano T; Saito H; Takahashi F · BoneKEy reports · 2014
    Narrative reviewBone Health forVitamin D
  37. Efficacy of vitamin D fortified foods on bone mineral density and serum bone biomarkers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies.
    Tangestani H; Djafarian K; Emamat H; Arabzadegan N; Shab-Bidar S · Critical reviews in food science and nutrition · 2020
    Meta-analysis1,786 participants20 studies pooledBone Health forVitamin D
  38. Cholecalciferol Supplementation Attenuates Bone Loss in Incident Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Prespecified Secondary Endpoint Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Tsujita M; Doi Y; Obi Y; Hamano T; Tomosugi T; Futamura K; Okada M; Hiramitsu T; Goto N; Isaka Y; Takeda A; Narumi S; Watarai Y · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2022
    Randomized trial193 participantsBone Health forVitamin D
  39. Vitamin D supplementation and bone health in post-menopausal women: a 24-month randomized controlled intervention with enhanced bioavailability formulations.
    Rasool N; Munir Y · European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026
    Randomized trial612 participantsBone Health forVitamin D
  40. Three-year low-dose menaquinone-7 supplementation helps decrease bone loss in healthy postmenopausal women.
    Knapen MH; Drummen NE; Smit E; Vermeer C; Theuwissen E · Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2014
    Randomized trial244 participantsBone Health forVitamin K
  41. Effect of combined administration of vitamin D3 and vitamin K2 on bone mineral density of the lumbar spine in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
    Iwamoto J; Takeda T; Ichimura S · Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association · 2001
    Randomized trial92 participantsBone Health forVitamin K
  42. Efficacy and safety of vitamin K2 for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at a long-term follow-up: meta-analysis and systematic review.
    Zhou M; Han S; Zhang W; Wu D · Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2022
    Meta-analysis6,853 participants9 studies pooledBone Health forVitamin K
  43. Low-dose vitamin K2 (MK-4) supplementation for 12 months improves bone metabolism and prevents forearm bone loss in postmenopausal Japanese women.
    Koitaya N; Sekiguchi M; Tousen Y; Nishide Y; Morita A; Yamauchi J; Gando Y; Miyachi M; Aoki M; Komatsu M; Watanabe F; Morishita K; Ishimi Y · Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2015
    Randomized trial48 participantsBone Health forVitamin K
  44. Increased incidence of fractures in middle-aged and elderly men with low intakes of phosphorus and zinc.
    Elmståhl S; Gullberg B; Janzon L; Johnell O; Elmståhl B · Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 1999
    Cohort study6,576 participantsBone Health forZinc
  45. Zinc Supplementation Increases Procollagen Type 1 Amino-Terminal Propeptide in Premenarcheal Girls: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Berger PK; Pollock NK; Laing EM; Chertin V; Bernard PJ; Grider A; Shapses SA; Ding KH; Isales CM; Lewis RD · The Journal of nutrition · 2016
    Randomized trial147 participantsBone Health forZinc
  46. Randomized controlled trial of prenatal zinc supplementation and fetal bone growth.
    Merialdi M; Caulfield LE; Zavaleta N; Figueroa A; Costigan KA; Dominici F; Dipietro JA · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2004
    Randomized trial242 participantsBone Health forZinc
  47. The effects of zinc supplementation on serum zinc, alkaline phosphatase activity and fracture healing of bones.
    Sadighi A; Roshan MM; Moradi A; Ostadrahimi A · Saudi medical journal · 2009
    Randomized trial60 participantsBone Health forZinc
  48. Is Zinc an Important Trace Element on Bone-Related Diseases and Complications? A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review from Serum Level, Dietary Intake, and Supplementation Aspects.
    Ceylan MN; Akdas S; Yazihan N · Biological trace element research · 2021
    Meta-analysis40 studies pooledBone Health forZinc
  49. Choline and contribution to normal liver function of the foetus and exclusively breastfed infants: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food allergens (NDA); Turck D; Bohn T; Castenmiller J; De Henauw S; Hirsch-Ernst KI; Knutsen HK; Maciuk A; Mangelsdorf I; McArdle HJ; Naska A; Pentieva K; Thies F; Tsabouri S; Vinceti M; Bresson JL; Fiolet T; Siani A · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024
    Guideline / consensusDetoxification forCholine
  50. Adiposity May Moderate the Link Between Choline Intake and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
    Mazidi M; Katsiki N; Mikhailidis DP; Banach M · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · 2020
    Cross-sectional study20,643 participantsDetoxification forCholine
  51. Choline and Choline-Related Metabolites in Pediatric Short Bowel Syndrome.
    Hilberath J; Shunova A; Heister L; Poets CF; Bernhard W · Nutrients · 2026
    Observational study80 participantsDetoxification forCholine
  52. Choline Supplementation in Cystic Fibrosis-The Metabolic and Clinical Impact.
    Bernhard W; Lange R; Graepler-Mainka U; Engel C; Machann J; Hund V; Shunova A; Hector A; Riethmüller J · Nutrients · 2019
    Single-arm trial10 participantsDetoxification forCholine
  53. 1H MR Spectroscopy at 3T for Hepatic Choline Quantification in Healthy Young Women: A Translational Imaging Study with Dietary Correlation.
    Hawesa H; Alghamdi R; Allam H; Alfaifi B; Alrabiah N; Alghumaiz M; Shanawani M; Alshegri H; Hassan MG · Current medical imaging · 2026
    Cohort study88 participantsDetoxification forCholine
  54. Comparison of efficacy of folic acid and silymarin in the management of antiepileptic drug induced liver injury: a randomized clinical trial.
    Asgarshirazi M; Shariat M; Sheikh M · Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international : HBPD INT · 2018
    Randomized trial55 participantsDetoxification forFolate
  55. Homocysteine, folate, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization investigation.
    Yuan S; Chen J; Dan L; Xie Y; Sun Y; Li X; Larsson SC · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2022
    Meta-analysis30,368 participants22 studies pooledDetoxification forFolate
  56. Serum folate levels and urinary arsenic methylation profiles in the US population: NHANES, 2003-2012.
    Zhang X; Xu X; Zhong Y; Power MC; Taylor BD; Carrillo G · Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2020
    Cross-sectional study11,016 participantsDetoxification forFolate
  57. Association between serum folate levels and blood concentrations of cadmium and lead in US adults.
    Wu Z; Hu H; Wang C; Wu J; Xiong Y; Fu Y; Cheng X; Su H; Li P · Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022
    Cross-sectional study15,501 participantsDetoxification forFolate
  58. Effects of Folic Acid Supplementation on Liver Enzymes, Lipid Profile, and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Molaqanbari MR; Zarringol S; Talari HR; Taghizadeh M; Bahmani F; Mohtashamian A; Ebrahimzadeh A; Sharifi N · Advanced biomedical research · 2023
    Randomized trial66 participantsDetoxification forFolate
  59. Human molybdenum exposure risk in industrial regions of China: New critical effect indicators and reference dose.
    Kuang HX; Li MY; Zeng XW; Chen D; Zhou Y; Zheng T; Xiang MD; Wu QZ; Chen XC; Dong GH; Yu YJ · Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2024
    Cross-sectional study2,267 participantsDetoxification forMolybdenum
  60. Supplementation with selenium can influence nausea, fatigue, physical, renal, and liver function of children and adolescents with cancer.
    Vieira ML; Fonseca FL; Costa LG; Beltrame RL; Chaves CM; Cartum J; Alves SI; Azzalis LA; Junqueira VB; Pereria EC; Rocha KC · Journal of medicinal food · 2015
    Randomized trialDetoxification forSelenium
  61. [Selenium and oxidative stress in cancer patients].
    Gorozhanskaia ÉG; Sviridova SP; Dobrovol'skaia MM; Zybrikhina GN; Kashnia ShR · Biomeditsinskaia khimiia · 2014
    Single-arm trial40 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  62. Comprehensive Insights into the Health Effects of Selenium Exposure and Supplementation Among the Chinese Community Middle-Aged and Elderly: a Combined Retrospective Cohort Study and Intervention Study.
    Li C; Peng X; Zheng J; Shi K; Qin L; Yang Q; Wang Z; Liu Y; Huang L · Biological trace element research · 2024
    Other40 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  63. Heavy metals and metalloids exposure and liver function in Chinese adults - A nationally representative cross-sectional study.
    Wang S; Lyu Y; Ji S; Liu N; Wu B; Zhao F; Li Z; Qu Y; Zhu Y; Xie L; Li Y; Zhang Z; Song H; Hu X; Qiu Y; Zheng X; Zhang W; Yang Y; Li F; Cai J; Zhu Y; Cao Z; Tan F; Shi X · Environmental research · 2024
    Cross-sectional study9,445 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  64. Selenium-Biofortified Strawberries Improve Glucose Homeostasis and Hepatic Function: A 30-Day Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Adults.
    Vasto S; Di Rosa L; Ferrantelli V; Fiore AS; Giordano CP; Cannizzaro A; Sabatino L; Macaluso A; Caldarella R; Caldara GF; Baldassano S · Nutrients · 2026
    Randomized trial35 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  65. Vitamin C supplementation ameliorates liver function profile and antiviral treatment response in Hepatitis C patients.
    Nayila I; Javed MS; Khan MA; Hussain G; Raza Naqvi SA; Ali S; Jabeen Z; Shahnawaz S; Akram R; Iman T; Hassan Dogar MZ; Malik SA · Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2022
    Non-randomized trial200 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  66. Effect of ascorbic acid-rich diet on in vivo-induced oxidative stress.
    Alleva R; Di Donato F; Strafella E; Staffolani S; Nocchi L; Borghi B; Pignotti E; Santarelli L; Tomasetti M · The British journal of nutrition · 2012
    Non-randomized trial46 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  67. Dietary Vitamin C Intake Is Associated With Improved Liver Function and Glucose Metabolism in Chinese Adults.
    Luo X; Zhang W; He Z; Yang H; Gao J; Wu P; Ma ZF · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Observational study8,307 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  68. Plasma ascorbate deficiency is associated with impaired reduction of sulfamethoxazole-nitroso in HIV infection.
    Trepanier LA; Yoder AR; Bajad S; Beckwith MD; Bellehumeur JL; Graziano FM · Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2005
    Observational studyDetoxification forVitamin C
  69. Roles of endogenous ascorbate and glutathione in the cellular reduction and cytotoxicity of sulfamethoxazole-nitroso.
    Lavergne SN; Kurian JR; Bajad SU; Maki JE; Yoder AR; Guzinski MV; Graziano FM; Trepanier LA · Toxicology · 2006
    Clinical trial53 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  70. Association of radioactive iodine treatment with survivorship symptoms and primary care utilisation in women of reproductive age with thyroid cancer: a retrospective cohort study.
    Devanarayan P; Hartman M; Partin M · Family medicine and community health · 2026
    Cohort study10,882 participantsEnergy forIodine
  71. Energy level and fatigue after surgery for thyroid cancer: A population-based study of patient-reported outcomes.
    Hughes DT; Reyes-Gastelum D; Kovatch KJ; Hamilton AS; Ward KC; Haymart MR · Surgery · 2020
    Cohort study2,584 participantsEnergy forIodine
  72. Health-Related Quality of Life in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study From Turkey.
    Gültekin A; Kahraman MY; Şengöz T; Şimşek FS · Head & neck · 2026
    Cross-sectional study202 participantsEnergy forIodine
  73. Magnesium-L-threonate improves sleep quality and daytime functioning in adults with self-reported sleep problems: A randomized controlled trial.
    Hausenblas HA; Lynch T; Hooper S; Shrestha A; Rosendale D; Gu J · Sleep medicine: X · 2025
    Randomized trial80 participantsEnergy forMagnesium
  74. Total magnesium intake and risk of frailty in older women.
    Struijk EA; Fung TT; Bischoff-Ferrari HA; Willett WC; Lopez-Garcia E · Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2024
    Cohort study81,524 participantsEnergy forMagnesium
  75. Red blood cell magnesium and chronic fatigue syndrome.
    Cox IM; Campbell MJ; Dowson D · Lancet (London, England) · 1991
    Randomized trial32 participantsEnergy forMagnesium
  76. Exercise, magnesium and immune function.
    Laires MJ; Monteiro C · Magnesium research · 2008
    Narrative reviewEnergy forMagnesium
  77. Perioperative systemic magnesium to minimize postoperative pain: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    De Oliveira GS; Castro-Alves LJ; Khan JH; McCarthy RJ · Anesthesiology · 2013
    Meta-analysis1,257 participants20 studies pooledGeneral Health forMagnesium
  78. Long-term outcome after intravenous magnesium sulphate in suspected acute myocardial infarction: the second Leicester Intravenous Magnesium Intervention Trial (LIMIT-2).
    Woods KL; Fletcher S · Lancet (London, England) · 1994
    Randomized trial2,316 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  79. Association of magnesium sulfate use with mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.
    Gu WJ; Duan XJ; Liu XZ; Cen Y; Tao LY; Lyu J; Yin HY · British journal of anaesthesia · 2023
    Cohort study10,999 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  80. Hypomagnesemia and Mortality in Incident Hemodialysis Patients.
    Li L; Streja E; Rhee CM; Mehrotra R; Soohoo M; Brunelli SM; Kovesdy CP; Kalantar-Zadeh K · American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2016
    Cohort study9,359 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  81. The effects of magnesium supplementation on abnormal uterine bleeding, alopecia, quality of life, and acne in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial.
    Jaripur M; Ghasemi-Tehrani H; Askari G; Gholizadeh-Moghaddam M; Clark CCT; Rouhani MH · Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2022
    Randomized trial64 participantsGeneral Health forMagnesium
  82. Dietary vitamin K intake associates with reduced all-cause mortality in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients.
    Huang Y; Zhu X; Han L; Hu H · Scientific reports · 2025
    Cohort study7,857 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin K
  83. Vitamin K status, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality: a participant-level meta-analysis of 3 US cohorts.
    Shea MK; Barger K; Booth SL; Matuszek G; Cushman M; Benjamin EJ; Kritchevsky SB; Weiner DE · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2020
    Meta-analysis3,891 participants3 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin K
  84. The Effect of Topical Vitamin K1 on the Treatment of Cetuximab-Induced Skin Rashes in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients.
    Roayaei M; Rezaei M; Najafizade N · Advanced biomedical research · 2024
    Randomized trial49 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin K
  85. Effect of vitamin K on improving post‑kidney transplant outcomes: a meta‑analysis.
    Sun Z; Zhu K; Liang G; Yan F; Chao S; Jia L; Niu Y · Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023
    Meta-analysis7 studies pooledGeneral Health forVitamin K
  86. Vitamin K1 intake is associated with lower risk for all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in community-dwelling older Australian women.
    Dupuy M; Radavelli-Bagatini S; Zhong L; Dalla Via J; Zhu K; Blekkenhorst LC; Bondonno NP; Linneberg A; Bellinge JW; Schultz C; Courtney W; Prince RL; Hodgson JM; Lewis JR; Sim M · Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2024
    Cohort study1,436 participantsGeneral Health forVitamin K
  87. Effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate and zinc chloride mouthwashes in the treatment of oral mucositis and quality of life in patients with cancer under chemotherapy.
    Mohammadi F; Oshvandi K; Kamallan SR; Khazaei S; Ranjbar H; Ahmadi-Motamayel F; Gillespie M; Jenabi E; Vafaei SY · Nursing open · 2022
    Randomized trial144 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  88. Zinc supplementation in young children with acute diarrhea in India.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Bhan MK; Bhandari N; Sinha A; Jalla S · The New England journal of medicine · 1995
    Randomized trial937 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  89. Associations of mortality with ocular disorders and an intervention of high-dose antioxidants and zinc in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS Report No. 13.
    Clemons TE; Kurinij N; Sperduto RD; AREDS Research Group · Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) · 2004
    Randomized trial4,753 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  90. Effects of zinc and probiotic co-supplementation on inflammation, gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life, and mood in irritable bowel syndrome patients.
    Rezazadegan M; Soheilipour M; Amani R · Scientific reports · 2026
    Randomized trial84 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  91. Effect of zinc sulfate supplementation on premenstrual syndrome and health-related quality of life: Clinical randomized controlled trial.
    Siahbazi S; Behboudi-Gandevani S; Moghaddam-Banaem L; Montazeri A · The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2018
    Randomized trial142 participantsGeneral Health forZinc
  92. Folic Acid Therapy Reduces the First Stroke Risk Associated With Hypercholesterolemia Among Hypertensive Patients.
    Qin X; Li J; Spence JD; Zhang Y; Li Y; Wang X; Wang B; Sun N; Chen F; Guo J; Yin D; Sun L; Tang G; He M; Fu J; Cai Y; Shi X; Ye P; Chen H; Zhao S; Chen M; Gao C; Kong X; Hou FF; Huang Y; Huo Y · Stroke · 2017
    Randomized trial20,702 participantsHeart Health forFolate
  93. Periconception Red Blood Cell Folate and Offspring Congenital Heart Disease : Nested Case-Control and Mendelian Randomization Studies.
    Chen H; Zhang Y; Wang D; Chen X; Li M; Huang X; Jiang Y; Dou Y; Wang Y; Ma X; Sheng W; Jia B; Yan W; Huang G; SPCC (Shanghai Preconception Cohort) Group · Annals of internal medicine · 2022
    Case-control study985 participantsHeart Health forFolate
  94. Intake of vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin B12 and risk of coronary heart disease: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
    Jayedi A; Zargar MS · Critical reviews in food science and nutrition · 2020
    Meta-analysis369,746 participants11 studies pooledHeart Health forFolate
  95. Folate Biomarkers, Folate Intake, and Risk of Death From All Causes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.
    Fallah M; Karim Dehnavi M; Lotfi K; Aminianfar A; Azadbakht L; Esmaillzadeh A · Nutrition reviews · 2025
    Meta-analysis423,304 participants25 studies pooledHeart Health forFolate
  96. The association between folic acid supplementation and congenital heart defects: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Wondemagegn AT; Afework M · SAGE open medicine · 2022
    Meta-analysis37 studies pooledHeart Health forFolate
  97. Quantitative Association Between Serum/Dietary Magnesium and Cardiovascular Disease/Coronary Heart Disease Risk: A Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.
    Zhao L; Hu M; Yang L; Xu H; Song W; Qian Y; Zhao M · Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology · 2020
    Meta-analysis544,581 participants18 studies pooledHeart Health forMagnesium
  98. Effects of magnesium supplementation on improving hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension in type 2 diabetes: A pooled analysis of 24 randomized controlled trials.
    Xu L; Li X; Wang X; Xu M · Frontiers in nutrition · 2023
    Meta-analysis1,325 participants24 studies pooledHeart Health forMagnesium
  99. The effect of lowering blood pressure by magnesium supplementation in diabetic hypertensive adults with low serum magnesium levels: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
    Guerrero-Romero F; Rodríguez-Morán M · Journal of human hypertension · 2009
    Randomized trial82 participantsHeart Health forMagnesium
  100. Positive effects of magnesium supplementation in metabolic syndrome.
    Kisters S; Kisters K; Werner T; Vormann J; Tokmak F; Westhoff T; Gröber U; Predel HG; Reuter H · International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2024
    Randomized trial54 participantsHeart Health forMagnesium
  101. Comparative Efficacy of Nutraceuticals on Endothelial Function: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
    Norouzzadeh M; Rashedi MH; Mahdavi-Mazdeh G; Kosari A; Shahinfar H · Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026
    Meta-analysisHeart Health forMagnesium
  102. Selenium concentration is associated with occurrence and diagnosis of three cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Yang L; Qi M; Du X; Xia Z; Fu G; Chen X; Liu Q; Sun N; Shi C; Zhang R · Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2022
    Meta-analysis49 studies pooledHeart Health forSelenium
  103. Effect of supplementation with high-selenium yeast on plasma lipids: a randomized trial.
    Rayman MP; Stranges S; Griffin BA; Pastor-Barriuso R; Guallar E · Annals of internal medicine · 2011
    Randomized trial501 participantsHeart Health forSelenium
  104. Exploring the Impact of Selenium Supplementation on Nutritional, Inflammatory, and Cardiac Function in Chronic Heart Failure Patients: A Novel Approach to Managing Deficiency.
    Kou L; Meng F; Fu G; Zhang R · Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025
    Meta-analysis191 participantsHeart Health forSelenium
  105. Higher serum selenium concentration is associated with lower risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease: A population-based cohort study of NHANES.
    Zhu D; Zhong Q; Lin T; Song T · Frontiers in nutrition · 2023
    Cohort study3,063 participantsHeart Health forSelenium
  106. Correlation between dietary selenium intake and stroke in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2018.
    Shi W; Su L; Wang J; Wang F; Liu X; Dou J · Annals of medicine · 2022
    Cross-sectional study39,438 participantsHeart Health forSelenium
  107. Vitamin K Intake and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in the Danish Diet Cancer and Health Study.
    Bellinge JW; Dalgaard F; Murray K; Connolly E; Blekkenhorst LC; Bondonno CP; Lewis JR; Sim M; Croft KD; Gislason G; Torp-Pedersen C; Tjønneland A; Overvad K; Hodgson JM; Schultz C; Bondonno NP · Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021
    Cohort study53,372 participantsHeart Health forVitamin K
  108. Menaquinone-7 supplementation improves arterial stiffness in healthy postmenopausal women. A double-blind randomised clinical trial.
    Knapen MH; Braam LA; Drummen NE; Bekers O; Hoeks AP; Vermeer C · Thrombosis and haemostasis · 2016
    Randomized trial244 participantsHeart Health forVitamin K
  109. The effect of vitamin K1 on arterial calcification activity in subjects with diabetes mellitus: a post hoc analysis of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
    Bellinge JW; Francis RJ; Lee SC; Bondonno NP; Sim M; Lewis JR; Watts GF; Schultz CJ · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2022
    Randomized trial149 participantsHeart Health forVitamin K
  110. Dietary Vitamin K1 Intake and Incident Aortic Valve Stenosis.
    Schultz CJ; Dalgaard F; Bellinge JW; Murray K; Sim M; Connolly E; Blekkenhorst LC; Bondonno CP; Lewis JR; Gislason GH; Tjønneland A; Overvad K; Hodgson JM; Bondonno NP · Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024
    Cohort study55,545 participantsHeart Health forVitamin K
  111. Association between vitamin K1 intake and mortality in the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort.
    Palmer CR; Bellinge JW; Dalgaard F; Sim M; Murray K; Connolly E; Blekkenhorst LC; Bondonno CP; Croft KD; Gislason G; Tjønneland A; Overvad K; Schultz C; Lewis JR; Hodgson JM; Bondonno NP · European journal of epidemiology · 2021
    Cohort study56,048 participantsHeart Health forVitamin K
  112. Effects of selenium supplementation on selenoprotein gene expression and response to influenza vaccine challenge: a randomised controlled trial.
    Goldson AJ; Fairweather-Tait SJ; Armah CN; Bao Y; Broadley MR; Dainty JR; Furniss C; Hart DJ; Teucher B; Hurst R · PloS one · 2011
    Randomized trial119 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  113. Effect of selenium on immune response against hepatitis B vaccine with accelerated method in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.
    Janbakhsh A; Mansouri F; Vaziri S; Sayad B; Afsharian M; Rahimi M; Shahebrahimi K; Salari F · Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2013
    Randomized trial62 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  114. Chemoprevention trial of human hepatitis with selenium supplementation in China.
    Yu SY; Li WG; Zhu YJ; Yu WP; Hou C · Biological trace element research · 1990
    Non-randomized trial20,847 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  115. Selenium nanoparticles as adjunctive therapy in sepsis: A pilot randomized clinical trial.
    Gu WJ; Huang W; Zhao FZ; Yuan XK; Jin K; Chen JL; Zhang CY; Huang Y; He L; Zhuang H; Yin HY; Chen T · Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy · 2026
    Randomized trial70 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  116. Selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis decreases thyroid peroxidase antibodies concentrations.
    Gärtner R; Gasnier BC; Dietrich JW; Krebs B; Angstwurm MW · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2002
    Randomized trial70 participantsImmunity forSelenium
  117. Vitamin C and contribution to the normal function of the immune system: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026
    Guideline / consensusImmunity forVitamin C
  118. Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis.
    Sun L; Zhao JH; Fan WY; Feng B; Liu WW; Chen RQ; Ban C; Dang AG; Wang M; Luo KT; Zhou GY; Yu FF; Ba Y · Nutrition reviews · 2024
    Meta-analysis2,334 participants14 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  119. Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Abioye AI; Bromage S; Fawzi W · BMJ global health · 2021
    Meta-analysisImmunity forVitamin C
  120. New evidence for antioxidant properties of vitamin C.
    Vojdani A; Bazargan M; Vojdani E; Wright J · Cancer detection and prevention · 2001
    Randomized trial20 participantsImmunity forVitamin C
  121. Enhanced Vitamin C Delivery: A Systematic Literature Review Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Supplement Forms in Healthy Adults.
    Calder PC; Kreider RB; McKay DL · Nutrients · 2025
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forVitamin C
  122. Nutrient supplementation for prevention of viral respiratory tract infections in healthy subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Vlieg-Boerstra B; de Jong N; Meyer R; Agostoni C; De Cosmi V; Grimshaw K; Milani GP; Muraro A; Oude Elberink H; Pali-Schöll I; Roduit C; Sasaki M; Skypala I; Sokolowska M; van Splunter M; Untersmayr E; Venter C; O'Mahony L; Nwaru BI · Allergy · 2022
    Meta-analysis199,055 participants115 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  123. Zinc supplementation reduces the incidence of acute lower respiratory infections in infants and preschool children: a double-blind, controlled trial.
    Sazawal S; Black RE; Jalla S; Mazumdar S; Sinha A; Bhan MK · Pediatrics · 1998
    Randomized trial609 participantsImmunity forZinc
  124. A randomized controlled trial of zinc supplementation in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infection in Thai children.
    Rerksuppaphol S; Rerksuppaphol L · Pediatric reports · 2020
    Randomized trial64 participantsImmunity forZinc
  125. The effect of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on immune response in an older population.
    Fortes C; Forastiere F; Agabiti N; Fano V; Pacifici R; Virgili F; Piras G; Guidi L; Bartoloni C; Tricerri A; Zuccaro P; Ebrahim S; Perucci CA · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 1998
    Randomized trial136 participantsImmunity forZinc
  126. The role of specific nutrients in preventing immune system and blood cell disorders: an umbrella review.
    Vecchietti A; Strano P; Minutolo G; Grieco V; Cappuccio G; Granvillano G; Confalonieri L; Briganti GL; Raso E; Chimienti M; Pellegrini M; Mercogliano M; Spatari G; Lugli C; Urbano T; Lorenzon A · Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2026
    Systematic review13 studies pooledImmunity forZinc
  127. Iodine Supplementation Decreases Hypercholesterolemia in Iodine-Deficient, Overweight Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Herter-Aeberli I; Cherkaoui M; El Ansari N; Rohner R; Stinca S; Chabaa L; von Eckardstein A; Aboussad A; Zimmermann MB · The Journal of nutrition · 2015
    Randomized trial163 participantsMetabolism Boost forIodine
  128. Effect of oral iodized oil on thyroid size and thyroid hormone metabolism in children with concurrent selenium and iodine deficiency.
    Zimmermann MB; Adou P; Torresani T; Zeder C; Hurrell RF · European journal of clinical nutrition · 2000
    Single-arm trial51 participantsMetabolism Boost forIodine
  129. Serum Iodine Concentration as a Biomarker for Individual Iodine Nutrition and Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hubei Province.
    Xu M; Dai X; Wang Z; Guo C; Zhang B; Guo H · Public health nutrition · 2026
    Cross-sectional study1,197 participantsMetabolism Boost forIodine
  130. Iron status influences the efficacy of iodine prophylaxis in goitrous children in Côte d'Ivoire.
    Zimmermann MB · International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition · 2002
    OtherMetabolism Boost forIodine
  131. Persistence of goiter despite oral iodine supplementation in goitrous children with iron deficiency anemia in Côte d'Ivoire.
    Zimmermann M; Adou P; Torresani T; Zeder C; Hurrell R · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2000
    Non-randomized trial109 participantsMetabolism Boost forIodine
  132. Association of magnesium consumption with type 2 diabetes and glucose metabolism: A systematic review and pooled study with trial sequential analysis.
    Zhao B; Deng H; Li B; Chen L; Zou F; Hu L; Wei Y; Zhang W · Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2021
    Meta-analysis1,168 participants26 studies pooledMetabolism Boost forMagnesium
  133. Magnesium supplementation for glycemic status in women with gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Tan X; Huang Y · Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology · 2022
    Meta-analysis4 studies pooledMetabolism Boost forMagnesium
  134. Impact of oral magnesium supplementation on glycemic and cardiometabolic outcomes in prediabetic adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Basit A; Kumar S; Ahmed H; Babar R; Saeed SS; Siddiqui TA; Khan S; Saeed A; Khan M; Hanif H; Fasih A; Shabbir S; Kumar H; Kumar L; Raja A; Kumar S; Chander S · Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2026
    Meta-analysis384 participants5 studies pooledMetabolism Boost forMagnesium
  135. Oral magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity and metabolic control in type 2 diabetic subjects: a randomized double-blind controlled trial.
    Rodríguez-Morán M; Guerrero-Romero F · Diabetes care · 2003
    Randomized trial63 participantsMetabolism Boost forMagnesium
  136. Magnesium Supplementation and the Effects on Wound Healing and Metabolic Status in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
    Razzaghi R; Pidar F; Momen-Heravi M; Bahmani F; Akbari H; Asemi Z · Biological trace element research · 2018
    Randomized trial70 participantsMetabolism Boost forMagnesium
  137. Effects of selenium supplementation on glucose homeostasis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in gestational diabetes: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Asemi Z; Jamilian M; Mesdaghinia E; Esmaillzadeh A · Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2016
    Randomized trial70 participantsMetabolism Boost forSelenium
  138. Metabolic response to selenium supplementation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Jamilian M; Razavi M; Fakhrie Kashan Z; Ghandi Y; Bagherian T; Asemi Z · Clinical endocrinology · 2016
    Randomized trial70 participantsMetabolism Boost forSelenium
  139. Comparison of nutritional supplements in improving glycolipid metabolism and endocrine function in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
    Hu X; Wang W; Su X; Peng H; Tan Z; Li Y; Huang Y · PeerJ · 2023
    Meta-analysis2,362 participants41 studies pooledMetabolism Boost forSelenium
  140. The Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Gene Expression Related to Insulin and Lipid Metabolism, and Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
    Karamali M; Dastyar F; Badakhsh MH; Aghadavood E; Amirani E; Asemi Z · Biological trace element research · 2021
    Randomized trial36 participantsMetabolism Boost forSelenium
  141. Glycemic and lipid responses to selenium-enriched vs. zeaxanthin-enriched eggs in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 12-week randomized controlled trial.
    Niu X; Zhang Y; Liu Y; Zhu Y; Fang B; Hu C; Xu X; Wang R; Sang Y; Zhang Q; Guo J · Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
    Randomized trial58 participantsMetabolism Boost forSelenium