Product Image

Prenatal Multivitamin

Nature's Way
4.7
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
(1539 ratings)
Manganese 5 mg
Iodine 158 mcg
Calcium 250 mg
Vitamin B6 25 mg
Iron 9 mg
Vitamin B5 25 mg
Molybdenum 50 mcg
Product Image
Score73
Broad mineral coverage, useful forms, and a long supply provide strong practical value. Modest iron and D3, basic B-vitamin forms, and preformed vitamin A need individual prenatal review.
How scoring works
Quantity:180 Capsule(s) • (90 servings)
Goals:
Hair Health
Bone Health
Energy
Detoxification

Score 73

Broad mineral coverage, useful forms, and a long supply provide strong practical value. Modest iron and D3, basic B-vitamin forms, and preformed vitamin A need individual prenatal review.
How scoring works
$18.31($0.20 per serving)
iHerb
$ 18.31
Amazon
$ 18.31
Vitacost
$ 20.93
Vitacost
$ 20.93
iHerb
$ 18.64
Report prices

Analysis

Two capsules provide broad vitamin and mineral coverage, including calcium citrate, ferrous gluconate, zinc bisglycinate, selenomethionine, iodine, vitamin C, and natural vitamin E. The 90-serving supply is unusually practical for a prenatal product.

Vitamin D3 is modest at 5 mcg and iron at 9 mg may be insufficient for some prenatal needs. Folate is not given a specific form, B12 uses cyanocobalamin, and retinyl acetate contributes preformed vitamin A.

The formula can serve as a value-focused foundation when diet and laboratory results are considered. Pregnancy use still requires review of total retinol, iron, iodine, calcium, and vitamin D intake.

Who is it for
  • Pregnant or preconception users seeking a value-focused prenatal
  • People who prefer two capsules daily
  • Users whose iron and vitamin D needs are assessed separately
Best for
  • Broad prenatal mineral coverage
  • Long 90-serving use
  • Calcium and iodine supplementation

Pros

  • Provides 90 servings
  • Includes iron, calcium, magnesium, and iodine
  • Uses zinc bisglycinate and selenomethionine
  • Requires two capsules

Cons

  • Vitamin D amount is modest
  • Iron may be insufficient for some prenatal needs
  • Folate form is unspecified
  • Uses cyanocobalamin and includes preformed vitamin A

Warnings

  • Retinyl acetate contributes preformed vitamin A, so total pregnancy intake from food and supplements should be reviewed.
  • Iron needs vary during pregnancy; the 9 mg amount may not match an individual treatment plan.
  • Keep iron-containing prenatal supplements out of children’s reach.

Nutrient quality

69 High impact

Broad vitamins and minerals provide useful prenatal coverage. Mixed forms, modest iron and vitamin D, and repeated source entries limit quality.

.

Ingredient transparency

70 High impact

Many nutrients have listed amounts and recognizable names. Repeated entries, hidden components, missing directions, and absent excipient data substantially weaken clarity.

.

Customer satisfaction

68 High impact

The aggregate rating is favorable and supported by solid feedback volume. Complaint-level experiences are unavailable, so repeated drawbacks and purpose fit remain uncertain.

.

Value for money

89 Highest impact

Broad useful coverage and a low serving cost provide strong practical value. Minor form limitations do not outweigh the economy.

.
Report analysis

Goals

Hair Health
Hair Health
Impact
High effect
B+ Goal FitB- Strength of SupportB- CoverageB+ Formula Quality
Biotin · 50 mcgVitamin D · 5 mcgZinc · 10 mgIron · 9 mgVitamin C · 100 mg

Iron with vitamin C and zinc gives the prenatal a solid deficiency-focused hair profile. Amounts are designed for general prenatal nutrition rather than treating confirmed deficiency.

Mostly clear forms support confidence despite some less absorbable mineral content. The transparent formula is coherent and contains little obvious window dressing.

Study evidence
Biotin Supportive 4 studies
Copper Adverse 4 studies
Iodine No effect 1 study
Iron Disputed 25 studies
Selenium Disputed 7 studies
Vitamin C Mixed 5 studies
Vitamin D Disputed 34 studies
Zinc Supportive 22 studies
Bone Health
Bone Mineral Preservation
Bone Health
Impact
High effect
B Goal FitC+ Strength of SupportB CoverageB- Formula Quality
Vitamin K · 30 mcgMagnesium · 125 mgCalcium · 250 mgVitamin D · 5 mcgCopper · 1 mgManganese · 5 mgZinc · 10 mgVitamin C · 100 mg

Calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, copper, and vitamin K1 provide broad raw materials and cofactors for bone maintenance. Calcium and manganese reach useful amounts, but carbonate, oxide, and vitamin K1 are less favorable than better-absorbed mineral forms and MK-7.

The multinutrient design covers mineral supply, calcium handling, and matrix-related cofactors. Anyone using warfarin or another vitamin K antagonist should keep the vitamin K1 intake consistent and discuss changes with the prescriber.

Study evidence
Calcium Supportive 144 studies
Copper Disputed 20 studies
Magnesium Supportive 48 studies
Manganese Adverse 12 studies
Vitamin K Supportive 78 studies
Zinc Supportive 33 studies
Energy
Energy
Impact
High effect
B- Goal FitC Strength of SupportC+ CoverageA- Formula Quality
Iodine · 158 mcgVitamin D · 5 mcgVitamin B5 · 25 mgMagnesium · 125 mgRiboflavin · 5 mgThiamin · 5 mgVitamin B12 · 25 mcgIron · 9 mgPotassium · 45 mg

A prenatal vitamin offers maintenance support for thyroid-related and metabolic energy. Potassium iodide, kelp, B vitamins, and a small iron serving cover basic prenatal nutrient needs.

Iron is below a targeted support range, and the product lacks high vitamin B12, magnesium, CoQ10, a stimulant, or an adaptogen. The formula is coherent for prenatal maintenance but not for correcting fatigue without identifying its cause.

Study evidence
Iodine Adverse 3 studies
Iron Supportive 74 studies
Magnesium Supportive 4 studies
Potassium Supportive 2 studies
Detoxification
Detoxification
Impact
Moderate effect
D+ Goal FitD Strength of SupportD CoverageC Formula Quality
Folate · 666 mcg DFEVitamin B12 · 25 mcgVitamin B6 · 25 mgMolybdenum · 50 mcgSelenium · 50 mcgMagnesium · 125 mgVitamin E · 67 mgZinc · 10 mgVitamin C · 100 mgRiboflavin · 5 mg

Vitamin C, selenium, molybdenum, zinc, and B vitamins provide basic antioxidant and enzyme-cofactor support. The prenatal does not include a direct liver-protective active or a meaningful glutathione precursor.

Molybdenum is supplied below the preferred target and uses a basic sodium salt, while several B-vitamin forms are conventional. The formula is reasonable for general prenatal nutrition but only weakly suited to focused detoxification support.

Study evidence
Molybdenum Adverse 1 study
Selenium Supportive 10 studies
Vitamin C Supportive 9 studies
Zinc Supportive 30 studies

Ingredients

IngredientAmount per serving
Vitamin A (Beta-Carotene, Retinyl Acetate)
 2475 mcg
Vitamin C (Calcium Ascorbate)
 100 mg
Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol)
 5 mcg
Vitamin E (D-Alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate)
 67 mg
Vitamin K (Phytonadione)
 30 mcg
Thiamine (Thiamine Hydrochloride)
 5 mg
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
 5 mg
Niacin (Niacinamide)
 15 mg
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine Hydrochloride)
 25 mg
Folate
666 mcg DFE
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)
 25 mcg
Biotin
50 mcg
Pantothenic Acid (Calcium D-Pantothenate)
 25 mg
Calcium (Calcium Carbonate, Calcium Citrate)
 250 mg
Iron (Ferrous Gluconate)
 9 mg
Iodine (Kelp, Potassium Iodide)
 158 mcg
Magnesium (Magnesium Aspartate, Magnesium Oxide)
 125 mg
Zinc (Zinc Bisglycinate)
 10 mg
Selenium (L-Selenomethionine)
 50 mcg
Copper (Copper Complex)
 1 mg
Manganese (Manganese Aspartate)
 5 mg
Molybdenum (Sodium Molybdate)
 50 mcg
Potassium (Potassium Chloride, Potassium Gluconate)
 45 mg
Kelp
42 mg
Pregnant Women 18–50
Report overview
Manganese (Manganese Aspartate) · 5 mg OverallScore92
B+ Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value

Manganese aspartate provides a well-absorbed organic form suited to regular supplementation. The 5 mg serving fits the target range for bone and joint support while staying below the upper intake limit. The prenatal multivitamin context adds nutrients beyond manganese at a notably efficient serving cost.

View ingredientView products
Iodine (Kelp, Potassium Iodide) · 158 mcg OverallScore90
B Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityA+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value

Potassium iodide supports reliable absorption, while kelp broadens the source profile. The 158 mcg amount is clearly disclosed and fits daily thyroid maintenance. The low serving cost shapes the trade-off, while generic kelp purity remains unverified.

View ingredientView products
Calcium (Calcium Carbonate, Calcium Citrate) · 250 mg OverallScore83
B Active Ingredient Quality & BioavailabilityB+ Dose, Safety & Label TransparencyA+ Value

A citrate-and-carbonate blend improves on carbonate alone but does not match a fully chelated form, while the 250 mg amount supports general supplementation but may not cover high needs alone. The elemental amount is clear, and no artificial color, sweetener, or whitening agent appears in the supplied ingredients. Low serving cost makes it an excellent value for the calcium delivered.

View ingredientView products
Loading alternative details
71 Performance

Gentle Multiple

Bluebonnet Early Promise Prenatal
<p>Chelated iron, magnesium, zinc, copper, trace minerals, vitamin D3, and broad vitamins create a more refined prenatal mineral profile. High folate and vitamin E plus a hidden produce blend reduce balance and transparency.</p>
83 Performance

Full Spectrum Mineral Caps

NOW
<p>Chelated trace minerals and vitamin D3 provide stronger mineral form quality across iodine, copper, manganese, and calcium. It is a mineral complex rather than a prenatal multivitamin and therefore does not replace folate or broad vitamin coverage.</p>
75 Performance

Alive! Women's Energy Complete Multivitamin

Nature's Way
<p>Broad vitamins, iron, iodine, calcium, and trace minerals offer a more coherent women’s daily formula. Basic mineral forms and a small produce blend limit refinement, and pregnancy-specific folate and iron needs still require label review.</p>
80 Budget

Sentry Adults

21st Century
<p>A lower-cost serving retains broad vitamins, iron, iodine, vitamin D3, and B vitamins. Many minerals use basic forms and the adult formula is not tailored to pregnancy, so prenatal suitability should be assessed separately.</p>
78 Budget

Multi with Iron Century Formula

Swanson
<p>A lower recurring cost provides broad vitamins, iron, iodine, copper, manganese, and zinc. Several forms are basic and the iron amount is high for routine use, while the formula lacks clear prenatal positioning.</p>
77 Budget

One Daily Women's

Equate
<p>An economical women’s multivitamin retains iron, calcium, iodine, and broad vitamins in practical amounts. It is not identified as prenatal, and the supplied data do not establish the forms or pregnancy-specific balance of key nutrients.</p>
80 Value

One Daily Women's

21st Century
<p>Very low serving cost and broad women’s vitamin and mineral coverage provide strong practical value, including iron and calcium. The formula is not specifically prenatal, so its folate, iodine, and iron balance should be checked for pregnancy needs.</p>
75 Value

Women's Petites

Bayer One A Day Women's
<p>A compact women’s multivitamin provides broad coverage with iron at a modest serving cost. Missing chemical forms limit quality assessment, and calcium in the same serving may reduce iron absorption.</p>
79 Value

Ladies' One

Bluebonnet
<p>Active B vitamins and chelated minerals improve form quality while keeping broad women’s nutrition in one formula. Proprietary blends and repeated vitamin K entries reduce transparency, and prenatal-specific dosing is not established in the supplied data.</p>
Report alternatives

Sources

Published studies used for the product analysis and the top-ranked studies for each ingredient and goal.

  1. The Manganese-Bone Connection: Investigating the Role of Manganese in Bone Health.
    Taskozhina G; Batyrova G; Umarova G; Issanguzhina Z; Kereyeva N · Journal of clinical medicine · 2024
    Narrative reviewBone Health forManganese
  2. Correlation between bone mineral density and serum trace element contents of elderly males in Beijing urban area.
    Wang L; Yu H; Yang G; Zhang Y; Wang W; Su T; Ma W; Yang F; Chen L; He L; Ma Y; Zhang Y · International journal of clinical and experimental medicine · 2016
    Cross-sectional study91 participantsBone Health forManganese
  3. Relationship between blood manganese and bone mineral density and bone mineral content in adults: A population-based cross-sectional study.
    Wang C; Zhu Y; Long H; Ou M; Zhao S · PloS one · 2022
    Cross-sectional study9,732 participantsBone Health forManganese
  4. The Role of Sex Steroid Hormones in the Association Between Manganese Exposure and Bone Mineral Density: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2018.
    Zhao X; Li J; Yu J; Shi Y; Tang M · Toxics · 2025
    Cross-sectional study8,617 participantsBone Health forManganese
  5. Association of Urinary Cadmium and Antimony with Osteoporosis Risk in Postmenopausal Brazilian Women: Insights from a 20 Metal(loid) Biomonitoring Study.
    Kunioka CT; de Oliveira Souza VC; Rocha BA; Júnior FB; Belo L; Manso MC; Carvalho M · Toxics · 2025
    Cohort study380 participantsBone Health forManganese
  6. What is the impact of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) plus calcium on the incidence of hip fracture in older people? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Manoj P; Derwin R; George S · International journal of older people nursing · 2023
    Meta-analysis12,620 participants7 studies pooledBone Health forCalcium
  7. Calcium supplementation prevents seasonal bone loss and changes in biochemical markers of bone turnover in elderly New England women: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
    Storm D; Eslin R; Porter ES; Musgrave K; Vereault D; Patton C; Kessenich C; Mohan S; Chen T; Holick MF; Rosen CJ · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 1998
    Randomized trial60 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  8. The effects of calcium supplementation (milk powder or tablets) and exercise on bone density in postmenopausal women.
    Prince R; Devine A; Dick I; Criddle A; Kerr D; Kent N; Price R; Randell A · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 1995
    Randomized trial168 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  9. The efficacy of calcium supplementation alone in elderly Thai women over a 2-year period: a randomized controlled trial.
    Rajatanavin R; Chailurkit L; Saetung S; Thakkinstian A; Nimitphong H · Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2014
    Randomized trial404 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  10. Calcium-enriched foods and bone mass growth in prepubertal girls: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Bonjour JP; Carrie AL; Ferrari S; Clavien H; Slosman D; Theintz G; Rizzoli R · The Journal of clinical investigation · 1997
    Randomized trial149 participantsBone Health forCalcium
  11. The Association between Dietary and Circulating Copper Levels and Osteoporosis: a Scoping Review.
    Ju Y; Xiong W; Pang Y; Chen Z; Hou J; Zheng S; Li Z; Liu T; Xia H; Xia M; Zhong Y; Li J; Jiang X · Biological trace element research · 2026
    Scoping review18 studies pooledBone Health forCopper
  12. Association between dietary copper, iron, zinc, selenium intake and osteopenia or osteoporosis in elderly hypertensive patients: a retrospective cohort study.
    Chen M; Jia L; Gao R · Frontiers in nutrition · 2024
    Cohort study5,286 participantsBone Health forCopper
  13. Associations of dietary copper intake with total bone mineral density and lumbar spine bone mineral density in American adults.
    Hu M; Wang Z; Li C; Zheng Y; Hu J · Medicine · 2025
    Cross-sectional studyBone Health forCopper
  14. The association between dietary mineral intake and bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study.
    Wei M; Wei J; Huang S · Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025
    Cross-sectional study11,520 participantsBone Health forCopper
  15. Association between dietary copper intake and bone mineral density in children and adolescents aged 8-19 years: A cross-sectional study.
    Cui A; Yan J; Li H; Fan Z; Wei X; Wang H; Zhuang Y · PloS one · 2024
    Cross-sectional study6,965 participantsBone Health forCopper
  16. Association between Serum Magnesium and Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
    Dominguez LJ; Veronese N; Ciriminna S; Pérez-Albela JL; Vásquez-López VF; Rodas-Regalado S; Di Bella G; Parisi A; Tagliaferri F; Barbagallo M · Nutrients · 2023
    Meta-analysis119,755 participants4 studies pooledBone Health forMagnesium
  17. Bioabsorbable Magnesium-Based Materials Potential and Safety in Bone Surgery: A Systematic Review.
    Hung CH; Kwok YC; Yip J; Wong HH; Leung YY · Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction · 2025
    Systematic review386 participants8 studies pooledBone Health forMagnesium
  18. Vascularized bone grafting fixed by biodegradable magnesium screw for treating osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
    Zhao D; Huang S; Lu F; Wang B; Yang L; Qin L; Yang K; Li Y; Li W; Wang W; Tian S; Zhang X; Gao W; Wang Z; Zhang Y; Xie X; Wang J; Li J · Biomaterials · 2016
    Randomized trial48 participantsBone Health forMagnesium
  19. An update on magnesium and bone health.
    Rondanelli M; Faliva MA; Tartara A; Gasparri C; Perna S; Infantino V; Riva A; Petrangolini G; Peroni G · Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2022
    Narrative reviewBone Health forMagnesium
  20. Sex-specific differences in the association of magnesium intake with femoral neck bone mineral density among older adults.
    Wang B; Tan X; Yao X; Zhu Z · Endocrine connections · 2025
    Cross-sectional study1,343 participantsBone Health forMagnesium
  21. Risk of Environmental Chemicals on Bone Fractures Is Independent of Low Bone Mass in US Adults: Insights from 2017 to 2018 NHANES.
    Ling R; Ai Y; Chen C; Zhang J; Zou Z; Cheng S; Li C; Li X; Wang B · Metabolites · 2023
    Cross-sectional study2,640 participantsBone Health forManganese
  22. Associations of multiple metals with bone mineral density: A population-based study in US adults.
    Wei MH; Cui Y; Zhou HL; Song WJ; Di DS; Zhang RY; Huang Q; Liu JA; Wang Q · Chemosphere · 2021
    Cross-sectional studyBone Health forManganese
  23. Sex-specific associations of urinary mixed-metal concentrations with femoral bone mineral density among older people: an NHANES (2017-2020) analysis.
    Li H; Li G; Yi M; Zhou J; Deng Y; Huang Y; He S; Meng X; Liu L · Frontiers in public health · 2024
    Cross-sectional study31 participantsBone Health forManganese
  24. Vitamin K and the prevention of fractures: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
    Cockayne S; Adamson J; Lanham-New S; Shearer MJ; Gilbody S; Torgerson DJ · Archives of internal medicine · 2006
    Meta-analysis13 studies pooledBone Health forVitamin K
  25. Three-year low-dose menaquinone-7 supplementation helps decrease bone loss in healthy postmenopausal women.
    Knapen MH; Drummen NE; Smit E; Vermeer C; Theuwissen E · Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2014
    Randomized trial244 participantsBone Health forVitamin K
  26. Effect of combined administration of vitamin D3 and vitamin K2 on bone mineral density of the lumbar spine in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
    Iwamoto J; Takeda T; Ichimura S · Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association · 2001
    Randomized trial92 participantsBone Health forVitamin K
  27. Efficacy and safety of vitamin K2 for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at a long-term follow-up: meta-analysis and systematic review.
    Zhou M; Han S; Zhang W; Wu D · Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2022
    Meta-analysis6,853 participants9 studies pooledBone Health forVitamin K
  28. Low-dose vitamin K2 (MK-4) supplementation for 12 months improves bone metabolism and prevents forearm bone loss in postmenopausal Japanese women.
    Koitaya N; Sekiguchi M; Tousen Y; Nishide Y; Morita A; Yamauchi J; Gando Y; Miyachi M; Aoki M; Komatsu M; Watanabe F; Morishita K; Ishimi Y · Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2015
    Randomized trial48 participantsBone Health forVitamin K
  29. Increased incidence of fractures in middle-aged and elderly men with low intakes of phosphorus and zinc.
    Elmståhl S; Gullberg B; Janzon L; Johnell O; Elmståhl B · Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 1999
    Cohort study6,576 participantsBone Health forZinc
  30. Zinc Supplementation Increases Procollagen Type 1 Amino-Terminal Propeptide in Premenarcheal Girls: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
    Berger PK; Pollock NK; Laing EM; Chertin V; Bernard PJ; Grider A; Shapses SA; Ding KH; Isales CM; Lewis RD · The Journal of nutrition · 2016
    Randomized trial147 participantsBone Health forZinc
  31. Randomized controlled trial of prenatal zinc supplementation and fetal bone growth.
    Merialdi M; Caulfield LE; Zavaleta N; Figueroa A; Costigan KA; Dominici F; Dipietro JA · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2004
    Randomized trial242 participantsBone Health forZinc
  32. The effects of zinc supplementation on serum zinc, alkaline phosphatase activity and fracture healing of bones.
    Sadighi A; Roshan MM; Moradi A; Ostadrahimi A · Saudi medical journal · 2009
    Randomized trial60 participantsBone Health forZinc
  33. Is Zinc an Important Trace Element on Bone-Related Diseases and Complications? A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review from Serum Level, Dietary Intake, and Supplementation Aspects.
    Ceylan MN; Akdas S; Yazihan N · Biological trace element research · 2021
    Meta-analysis40 studies pooledBone Health forZinc
  34. Human molybdenum exposure risk in industrial regions of China: New critical effect indicators and reference dose.
    Kuang HX; Li MY; Zeng XW; Chen D; Zhou Y; Zheng T; Xiang MD; Wu QZ; Chen XC; Dong GH; Yu YJ · Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2024
    Cross-sectional study2,267 participantsDetoxification forMolybdenum
  35. Supplementation with selenium can influence nausea, fatigue, physical, renal, and liver function of children and adolescents with cancer.
    Vieira ML; Fonseca FL; Costa LG; Beltrame RL; Chaves CM; Cartum J; Alves SI; Azzalis LA; Junqueira VB; Pereria EC; Rocha KC · Journal of medicinal food · 2015
    Randomized trialDetoxification forSelenium
  36. [Selenium and oxidative stress in cancer patients].
    Gorozhanskaia ÉG; Sviridova SP; Dobrovol'skaia MM; Zybrikhina GN; Kashnia ShR · Biomeditsinskaia khimiia · 2014
    Single-arm trial40 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  37. Comprehensive Insights into the Health Effects of Selenium Exposure and Supplementation Among the Chinese Community Middle-Aged and Elderly: a Combined Retrospective Cohort Study and Intervention Study.
    Li C; Peng X; Zheng J; Shi K; Qin L; Yang Q; Wang Z; Liu Y; Huang L · Biological trace element research · 2024
    Other40 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  38. Heavy metals and metalloids exposure and liver function in Chinese adults - A nationally representative cross-sectional study.
    Wang S; Lyu Y; Ji S; Liu N; Wu B; Zhao F; Li Z; Qu Y; Zhu Y; Xie L; Li Y; Zhang Z; Song H; Hu X; Qiu Y; Zheng X; Zhang W; Yang Y; Li F; Cai J; Zhu Y; Cao Z; Tan F; Shi X · Environmental research · 2024
    Cross-sectional study9,445 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  39. Selenium-Biofortified Strawberries Improve Glucose Homeostasis and Hepatic Function: A 30-Day Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Adults.
    Vasto S; Di Rosa L; Ferrantelli V; Fiore AS; Giordano CP; Cannizzaro A; Sabatino L; Macaluso A; Caldarella R; Caldara GF; Baldassano S · Nutrients · 2026
    Randomized trial35 participantsDetoxification forSelenium
  40. Vitamin C supplementation ameliorates liver function profile and antiviral treatment response in Hepatitis C patients.
    Nayila I; Javed MS; Khan MA; Hussain G; Raza Naqvi SA; Ali S; Jabeen Z; Shahnawaz S; Akram R; Iman T; Hassan Dogar MZ; Malik SA · Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2022
    Non-randomized trial200 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  41. Effect of ascorbic acid-rich diet on in vivo-induced oxidative stress.
    Alleva R; Di Donato F; Strafella E; Staffolani S; Nocchi L; Borghi B; Pignotti E; Santarelli L; Tomasetti M · The British journal of nutrition · 2012
    Non-randomized trial46 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  42. Dietary Vitamin C Intake Is Associated With Improved Liver Function and Glucose Metabolism in Chinese Adults.
    Luo X; Zhang W; He Z; Yang H; Gao J; Wu P; Ma ZF · Frontiers in nutrition · 2022
    Observational study8,307 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  43. Plasma ascorbate deficiency is associated with impaired reduction of sulfamethoxazole-nitroso in HIV infection.
    Trepanier LA; Yoder AR; Bajad S; Beckwith MD; Bellehumeur JL; Graziano FM · Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2005
    Observational studyDetoxification forVitamin C
  44. Roles of endogenous ascorbate and glutathione in the cellular reduction and cytotoxicity of sulfamethoxazole-nitroso.
    Lavergne SN; Kurian JR; Bajad SU; Maki JE; Yoder AR; Guzinski MV; Graziano FM; Trepanier LA · Toxicology · 2006
    Clinical trial53 participantsDetoxification forVitamin C
  45. [Therapy of Wilson disease].
    Smolarek C; Stremmel W · Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie · 1999
    Narrative reviewDetoxification forZinc
  46. Efficacy of Zinc Supplement in Minimal hepatic Encephalopathy: A prospective, Randomized Controlled Study (Zinc-MHE Trial).
    Janyajirawong R; Vilaichone RK; Sethasine S · Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2021
    Randomized trial69 participantsDetoxification forZinc
  47. Effect of zinc on liver cirrhosis with hyperammonemia: a preliminary randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial.
    Katayama K; Saito M; Kawaguchi T; Endo R; Sawara K; Nishiguchi S; Kato A; Kohgo H; Suzuki K; Sakaida I; Ueno Y; Habu D; Ito T; Moriwaki H; Suzuki K · Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2015
    Randomized trial18 participantsDetoxification forZinc
  48. Effects of low dose zinc supplementation on biochemical markers in non-alcoholic cirrhosis: a randomized clinical trial.
    Somi MH; Rezaeifar P; Ostad Rahimi A; Moshrefi B · Archives of Iranian medicine · 2012
    Randomized trial60 participantsDetoxification forZinc
  49. Correlation of Serum Zinc Levels with Hepatic Encephalopathy Severity in Patients with Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis: A Prospective Observational Study from Egypt.
    Semeya AA; Elgamal R; Othman AAA · Biological trace element research · 2025
    Observational study200 participantsDetoxification forZinc
  50. Association of radioactive iodine treatment with survivorship symptoms and primary care utilisation in women of reproductive age with thyroid cancer: a retrospective cohort study.
    Devanarayan P; Hartman M; Partin M · Family medicine and community health · 2026
    Cohort study10,882 participantsEnergy forIodine
  51. Energy level and fatigue after surgery for thyroid cancer: A population-based study of patient-reported outcomes.
    Hughes DT; Reyes-Gastelum D; Kovatch KJ; Hamilton AS; Ward KC; Haymart MR · Surgery · 2020
    Cohort study2,584 participantsEnergy forIodine
  52. Health-Related Quality of Life in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study From Turkey.
    Gültekin A; Kahraman MY; Şengöz T; Şimşek FS · Head & neck · 2026
    Cross-sectional study202 participantsEnergy forIodine
  53. Large-dose intravenous ferric carboxymaltose injection for iron deficiency anemia in heavy uterine bleeding: a randomized, controlled trial.
    Van Wyck DB; Mangione A; Morrison J; Hadley PE; Jehle JA; Goodnough LT · Transfusion · 2010
    Randomized trial477 participantsEnergy forIron
  54. The Effect of Parenteral or Oral Iron Supplementation on Fatigue, Sleep, Quality of Life and Restless Legs Syndrome in Iron-Deficient Blood Donors: A Secondary Analysis of the IronWoMan RCT.
    Macher S; Herster C; Holter M; Moritz M; Matzhold EM; Stojakovic T; Pieber TR; Schlenke P; Drexler C; Amrein K · Nutrients · 2021
    Randomized trial176 participantsEnergy forIron
  55. Ferric carboxymaltose vs. oral iron in the treatment of pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia: an international, open-label, randomized controlled trial (FER-ASAP).
    Breymann C; Milman N; Mezzacasa A; Bernard R; Dudenhausen J; FER-ASAP investigators · Journal of perinatal medicine · 2018
    Randomized trial252 participantsEnergy forIron
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    Sultana N; Bajwa FA; Sikandar MZ; Haider MM; Majeed T · JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association · 2026
    Randomized trial164 participantsEnergy forIron
  57. Intravenous iron isomaltoside treatment of women suffering from severe fatigue after postpartum hemorrhage.
    Holm C; Thomsen LL; Langhoff-Roos J · The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians · 2019
    Randomized trial85 participantsEnergy forIron
  58. Magnesium-L-threonate improves sleep quality and daytime functioning in adults with self-reported sleep problems: A randomized controlled trial.
    Hausenblas HA; Lynch T; Hooper S; Shrestha A; Rosendale D; Gu J · Sleep medicine: X · 2025
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    Struijk EA; Fung TT; Bischoff-Ferrari HA; Willett WC; Lopez-Garcia E · Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2024
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  60. Red blood cell magnesium and chronic fatigue syndrome.
    Cox IM; Campbell MJ; Dowson D · Lancet (London, England) · 1991
    Randomized trial32 participantsEnergy forMagnesium
  61. Exercise, magnesium and immune function.
    Laires MJ; Monteiro C · Magnesium research · 2008
    Narrative reviewEnergy forMagnesium
  62. [Efficacy of potassium N-acetylaminosuccinate (Cogitum) in the treatment of asthenic syndrome: results of double-blind placebo-controlled trial].
    Esin RG; Khayrullin IK; Esin OR; Fatykhova AF; Gismatullina EI; Isaeva YN · Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova · 2023
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  63. Human resting energy expenditure in relation to dietary potassium.
    Dériaz O; Thériault G; Lavallée N; Fournier G; Nadeau A; Bouchard C · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 1991
    Randomized trial8 participantsEnergy forPotassium
  64. The Role of Sesbania grandiflora-Derived Biotin and Bambusa arundinacea-Derived Silica Extracts in Promoting Hair, Skin, and Nail Health: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study.
    Patel MN; Maheshvari J; Patel N · Cureus · 2025
    Randomized trial105 participantsHair Health forBiotin
  65. Low serum biotinidase activity in children with valproic acid monotherapy.
    Schulpis KH; Karikas GA; Tjamouranis J; Regoutas S; Tsakiris S · Epilepsia · 2001
    Clinical trial125 participantsHair Health forBiotin
  66. Vitamins A, B, C, and D: A Short Review for the Dermatologist.
    Coerdt KM; Goggins CA; Khachemoune A · Alternative therapies in health and medicine · 2021
    Narrative reviewHair Health forBiotin
  67. The Infatuation With Biotin Supplementation: Is There Truth Behind Its Rising Popularity? A Comparative Analysis of Clinical Efficacy versus Social Popularity.
    Soleymani T; Lo Sicco K; Shapiro J · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2018
    Narrative reviewHair Health forBiotin
  68. Menkes disease and response to copper histidine: An Indian case series.
    Yoganathan S; Sudhakar SV; Arunachal G; Thomas M; Subramanian A; George R; Danda S · Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology · 2022
    Case series4 participantsHair Health forCopper
  69. Trace element levels in alopecia areata.
    Bhat YJ; Manzoor S; Khan AR; Qayoom S · Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology · 2009
    Case-control study100 participantsHair Health forCopper
  70. UV damage to hair and the effect of antioxidants and metal chelators.
    Millington KR; Marsh JM · International journal of cosmetic science · 2021
    In vitro / ex vivo studyHair Health forCopper
  71. Preserving fibre health: reducing oxidative stress throughout the life of the hair fibre.
    Marsh JM; Davis MG; Lucas RL; Reilman R; Styczynski PB; Li C; Mamak M; McComb DW; Williams RE; Godfrey S; Navqi KR; Chechik V · International journal of cosmetic science · 2016
    In vitro / ex vivo studyHair Health forCopper
  72. [Evaluation of the role of dietary intake in the occurrence of alopecia].
    El Fékih N; Kamoun H; Fazaa B; El Ati J; Zouari B; Kamoun MR; Gaigi S · Revue medicale de Liege · 2010
    Case-control study272 participantsHair Health forIodine
  73. The Association Between Alopecia Areata and Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Large-Scale Population-Based Case-Control Study.
    Davidovici B; Drutin Y; Ben-Tov A; Mimouni D; Wohl Y · Journal of personalized medicine · 2026
    Case-control study100,203 participantsHair Health forIron
  74. Iron Deficiency and Nonscarring Alopecia in Women: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Treister-Goltzman Y; Yarza S; Peleg R · Skin appendage disorders · 2022
    Meta-analysis10,029 participants36 studies pooledHair Health forIron
  75. Comparative Analysis of Postoperative Hair Loss and Micronutrient Deficiencies After One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass Versus Sleeve Gastrectomy.
    Chinisaz F; Maleki T; Najjari K; Miratashi Yazdi SA · Obesity surgery · 2026
    Cohort study261 participantsHair Health forIron
  76. Assessment of Serum Ferritin Levels in Female Patients With Telogen Effluvium.
    Thamotharan N; Harikumar MV; Sundaram M; Swaminathan A; Rangarajan S · Cureus · 2026
    Cross-sectional study100 participantsHair Health forIron
  77. Diagnosis and treatment of female alopecia: Focusing on the iron deficiency-related alopecia.
    Lin CS; Chan LY; Wang JH; Chang CH · Tzu chi medical journal · 2023
    Cohort study155 participantsHair Health forIron
  78. Beyond Efficacy: 0.6% Selenium Disulfide Shampoo Matches 2% Ketoconazole for Seborrheic Dermatitis with Superior Cosmesis.
    Farris PK; Barbosa V; Houshman EB; Kovylkina N · Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD · 2026
    Randomized trial87 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  79. Selenium Disulfide-based shampoo applied for 4 weeks significantly improves dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis.
    Turcu G; Artenie C; Nowicka D; Arenbergerová M; Lazaridou E; Khobzei K; Ataseven A; Part M; Leclerc-Mercier S · European journal of dermatology : EJD · 2023
    Observational study1,407 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  80. A Comparative Randomized Clinical Study Assessing the Efficacy of a 1% Selenium Disulfide-Based Shampoo versus 2% Ketoconazole Shampoo in Subjects with Moderate to Severe Scalp Seborrheic Dermatitis.
    Barbosa V; Melo DF; Vañó-Galván S; Lutchmanen-Kolanthan V; Sant'Anna B; Leclerc-Mercier S; Reygagne P · Skin appendage disorders · 2025
    Randomized trial64 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  81. Changes of serum trace elements level in patients with alopecia areata: A meta-analysis.
    Jin W; Zheng H; Shan B; Wu Y · The Journal of dermatology · 2018
    Meta-analysis764 participantsHair Health forSelenium
  82. Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for selenium.
    EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA); Turck D; Bohn T; Castenmiller J; de Henauw S; Hirsch-Ernst KI; Knutsen HK; Maciuk A; Mangelsdorf I; McArdle HJ; Peláez C; Pentieva K; Siani A; Thies F; Tsabouri S; Vinceti M; Aggett P; Crous Bou M; Cubadda F; Ciccolallo L; de Sesmaisons Lecarré A; Fabiani L; Titz A; Naska A · EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023
    Systematic reviewHair Health forSelenium
  83. Management of hair loss associated with endocrine therapy in patients with breast cancer: an overview.
    Karatas F; Sahin S; Sever AR; Altundag K · SpringerPlus · 2016
    Narrative reviewHair Health forVitamin C
  84. Elucidating causal relationships of diet-derived circulating antioxidants and the risk of non-scarring alopecia: A Mendelian randomization study.
    Ba Y; Shen L; Peng X; Zhang Y; Wang J · Medicine · 2024
    Methods validation study201,019 participantsHair Health forVitamin C
  85. Alterations of plasma antioxidants and mitochondrial DNA mutation in hair follicles of smokers.
    Liu CS; Chen HW; Lii CK; Tsai CS; Kuo CL; Wei YH · Environmental and molecular mutagenesis · 2002
    Observational studyHair Health forVitamin C
  86. Removal of synthetic hair dye using formamidine sulfinic acid and other sulfinate precursors.
    Hawkes JA; Lewis DM; Mama J; Murray J · International journal of cosmetic science · 2026
    Methods validation studyHair Health forVitamin C
  87. A Zinc Sulphate-Resistant Acrodermatitis Enteropathica Patient with a Novel Mutation in SLC39A4 Gene.
    Kilic M; Taskesen M; Coskun T; Gürakan F; Tokatli A; Sivri HS; Dursun A; Schmitt S; Küry S · JIMD reports · 2013
    Case reportHair Health forVitamin C
  88. Increased prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with alopecia areata: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Lee S; Kim BJ; Lee CH; Lee WS · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2018
    Meta-analysis2,039 participants14 studies pooledHair Health forVitamin D
  89. Intralesional vitamin D3 in treatment of alopecia areata: A randomized controlled clinical trial.
    Rashad AF; Elgamal E; Fouda I · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2022
    Randomized trial60 participantsHair Health forVitamin D
  90. Vitamin D and its Analogs in Treatment of Mild to Moderate Alopecia Areata: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
    Alsaati AA; Kaliyadan F; Alsaadoun D; Alzakry LM; Alzabadin RA; Hakami TH; Rubaian NFB · Indian dermatology online journal · 2025
    Meta-analysisHair Health forVitamin D
  91. Topical calcipotriol vs narrowband ultraviolet B in treatment of alopecia areata: a randomized-controlled trial.
    El Taieb MA; Hegazy EM; Ibrahim HM; Osman AB; Abualhamd M · Archives of dermatological research · 2020
    Randomized trial60 participantsHair Health forVitamin D
  92. Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D in non-scarring alopecia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
    Chen Y; Dong X; Wang Y; Li Y; Xiong L; Li L · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2024
    Meta-analysis10,670 participants23 studies pooledHair Health forVitamin D
  93. The effects of minoxidil, 1% pyrithione zinc and a combination of both on hair density: a randomized controlled trial.
    Berger RS; Fu JL; Smiles KA; Turner CB; Schnell BM; Werchowski KM; Lammers KM · The British journal of dermatology · 2003
    Randomized trial200 participantsHair Health forZinc
  94. Incubatory environment of the scalp impacts pre-emergent hair to affect post-emergent hair cuticle integrity.
    Schwartz JR; Henry JP; Kerr KM; Flagler MJ; Page SH; Redman-Furey N · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2018
    Randomized trialHair Health forZinc
  95. A comparison of hair quality and cosmetic acceptance following the use of two anti-dandruff shampoos.
    Draelos ZD; Kenneally DC; Hodges LT; Billhimer W; Copas M; Margraf C · The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings · 2006
    Randomized trial40 participantsHair Health forZinc
  96. BMI and levels of zinc, copper in hair, serum and urine of Turkish male patients with androgenetic alopecia.
    Ozturk P; Kurutas E; Ataseven A; Dokur N; Gumusalan Y; Gorur A; Tamer L; Inaloz S · Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2015
    Case-control study216 participantsHair Health forZinc
  97. Analysis of serum zinc and copper concentrations in hair loss.
    Kil MS; Kim CW; Kim SS · Annals of dermatology · 2013
    Case-control study342 participantsHair Health forZinc