Glycine

amino acid

Glycine is the smallest and simplest of the 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins. It is considered conditionally essential: the body typically produces it, but additional intake may be beneficial during stress or illness. It serves as a fundamental building block for proteins and polypeptides throughout the body. Beyond its role in protein structure, glycine is a precursor to several key biomolecules, including creatine, glutathione, porphyrins (components of hemoglobin), and bile salts. Glycine also acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, particularly in the brainstem and spinal cord, contributing to relaxation and sleep regulation. Its diverse functions extend to supporting sleep patterns, promoting collagen synthesis for skin and connective tissue health, and aiding metabolic detoxification pathways. Glycine also participates in glucose metabolism and has been studied for its potential to support gut health and reduced inflammation.

Natural sources
Meat (beef, pork, poultry)FishDairy products (milk, cheese)Legumes (beans, lentils)SpinachKaleCabbagePumpkinBananasGelatin/Collagen

Ingredient forms

No public comparison lists found.

Optimal Dosage
Minimum1000 mg
Maximum3000 mg
Safety & Toxicity
3 safety notes
  • Pregnant or nursing women should consult a healthcare professional before use.
  • Individuals with severe kidney or liver disease should use with caution and under medical supervision.
  • May cause drowsiness; caution should be exercised when driving or operating machinery.
Goals
Anti-Aging
Impact
High effect
Typical dose:1000–5000 mg
As a primary building block for collagen, glycine directly supports skin and joint integrity. Its role as a rate-limiting precursor for glutathione synthesis is critical for combating age-related oxidative stress. Furthermore, by acting as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, glycine improves sleep quality, which is essential for cellular repair, hormonal regulation, and cognitive restoration.

Study evidence

14 studies

Glycine is linked to biological processes involved in aging, but the supplied evidence does not establish that taking glycine alone slows aging. Promising human supplementation results involve glycine combined with another ingredient, while observational findings are inconsistent.

View goal
Anti-Inflammatory Support
Impact
High effect
Typical dose:1–5 g
Glycine acts as an immunomodulatory agent, calming immune cells like macrophages and reducing the production of key inflammatory messengers such as TNF-alpha. It is a fundamental component for managing systemic inflammation and supporting tissue repair.

Study evidence

7 studies

Glycine has preliminary evidence for reducing selected inflammatory markers in people with diabetes or cystic fibrosis. Broader anti-inflammatory benefits remain uncertain, because much of the other supportive research involves dental cleaning procedures or glycine combined with another supplement.

View goal
Bone Health
Impact
High effect
Typical dose:1000–5000 mg
As the primary amino acid in the collagen that forms the bone matrix, Glycine is fundamentally important.

Study evidence

6 studies

The available evidence does not establish that glycine supplements improve bone strength or prevent fractures. Dietary glycine has been linked to higher bone density in some women, but higher circulating glycine has also been associated with lower bone density and osteoporosis.

View goal
Detoxification
Impact
High effect
Typical dose:1000–5000 mg
The liver uses glycine to conjugate (bind to) and neutralize specific toxins, such as salicylates and benzoate preservatives. It is a key amino acid for ensuring the body can process a wide range of common chemical exposures.

Study evidence

5 studies

Glycine helps the body remove certain compounds through a specific metabolic pathway. Preliminary research suggests supplements can improve this pathway in people with severe obesity and low glycine availability, but it does not establish a general detoxification benefit in healthy people.

View goal
Digestive Health
Impact
High effect
Typical dose:1–5 g
Glycine is a primary component of collagen and plays a crucial role in synthesizing new connective tissue for gut repair. It also has direct cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects within the gastrointestinal tract.

Study evidence

6 studies

The available glycine research concerns medical rehydration mixtures for acute diarrhea, not everyday digestive health. Early findings suggested reduced stool losses, but later controlled trials generally found no added benefit over standard rehydration solutions, leaving ordinary glycine supplements unsupported for this goal.

View goal
General Health
Impact
High effect
Typical dose:3–5 g
Glycine acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, which can improve sleep onset and quality without causing grogginess. It is also a primary component of collagen, supporting joint and skin health, and is a rate-limiting precursor to the body's master antioxidant, glutathione.

Study evidence

4 studies

Glycine has shown promising effects on selected symptoms and health markers in specific patient groups, but the supplied evidence does not establish a broad General Health benefit. Research on specialist dental treatment also cannot be used as evidence for oral Glycine supplements.

View goal
Showing 6 of 10 goals

Studies

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Interactions
Sources

Up to five highest-ranked published examples per goal. Study counts and charts include all published studies for the connection.

  1. Accelerated biological aging, mediating amino acids, and risk of incident type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study.
    Zhang Z; Wang J; Yu B; Sun Y; Chen Y; Lu Y; Wang N; Xia F · Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025
    Cohort study95,773 participantsAnti-Aging
  2. Dietary protein and amino acid intakes for mitigating sarcopenia in humans.
    He W; Connolly ED; Cross HR; Wu G · Critical reviews in food science and nutrition · 2025
    Narrative reviewAnti-Aging
  3. Age-Related Neurochemical Changes in the Vestibular Nuclei.
    Smith PF · Frontiers in neurology · 2016
    Narrative reviewAnti-Aging
  4. SHMT2 regulates CD8+ T cell senescence via the reactive oxygen species axis in HIV-1 infected patients on antiretroviral therapy.
    Zhang QS; Wang JN; Yang TL; Li SY; Li JQ; Liu DN; Shang H; Zhang ZN · EBioMedicine · 2025
    Observational studyAnti-Aging
  5. Metabolomics and incident dementia in older Chinese adults: The Shanghai Aging Study.
    Cui M; Jiang Y; Zhao Q; Zhu Z; Liang X; Zhang K; Wu W; Dong Q; An Y; Tang H; Ding D; Chen X · Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2021
    Cohort studyAnti-Aging
  6. Glycine treatment decreases proinflammatory cytokines and increases interferon-gamma in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Cruz M; Maldonado-Bernal C; Mondragón-Gonzalez R; Sanchez-Barrera R; Wacher NH; Carvajal-Sandoval G; Kumate J · Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2009
    Randomized trial74 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support
  7. Effect of oral glycine on the clinical, spirometric and inflammatory status in subjects with cystic fibrosis: a pilot randomized trial.
    Vargas MH; Del-Razo-Rodríguez R; López-García A; Lezana-Fernández JL; Chávez J; Furuya MEY; Marín-Santana JC · BMC pulmonary medicine · 2018
    Randomized trial13 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support
  8. Subgingival air polishing (glycine powder) versus minocycline hydrochloride: efficacy in residual periodontal pockets following endoscope-assisted scaling and root planing.
    Guo X; Bai H; Lu X; Guo J; Qi Y; Huo X; Li S · Clinical oral investigations · 2026
    Randomized trial80 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support
  9. Long-term Implant Maintenance: A Systematic Review of Home and Professional Care Strategies in Supportive Implant Therapy.
    Araújo TG; Moreira CS; Neme RA; Luan H; Bertolini M · Brazilian dental journal · 2024
    Systematic review13 studies pooledAnti-Inflammatory Support
  10. Analysis of the factors influencing the occurrence of peri-implantitis in patients with implant-supported restoration and study on the maintenance effect of subgingival sandblasting.
    Pan T; Meng W; Zhang M; Xie Y; Chen Z; Zhou M; Yin L; Xie H · BMC oral health · 2026
    Randomized trial198 participantsAnti-Inflammatory Support
  11. Implantoplasty Versus Glycine Air Abrasion for the Surgical Treatment of Peri-implantitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
    Lasserre JF; Brecx MC; Toma S · The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants · 2020
    Randomized trial31 participantsBone Health
  12. Amino Acid Intakes Are Associated With Bone Mineral Density and Prevalence of Low Bone Mass in Women: Evidence From Discordant Monozygotic Twins.
    Jennings A; MacGregor A; Spector T; Cassidy A · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2016
    Cross-sectional study135 participantsBone Health
  13. Type V osteogenesis imperfecta: a new form of brittle bone disease.
    Glorieux FH; Rauch F; Plotkin H; Ward L; Travers R; Roughley P; Lalic L; Glorieux DF; Fassier F; Bishop NJ · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2001
    Other3 participantsBone Health
  14. Associations of Dietary and Circulating Choline and Glycine With Bone Mineral Density: UK Biobank Analyses With Mendelian Randomization.
    Chen S; Lu R; Zhang Y; Li Y; Cao X; Yang H; Lin J · International journal of endocrinology · 2026
    Cross-sectional study18,769 participantsBone Health
  15. Metabolomic insights into amino acid signatures and pathways associated with osteoporosis in Iranian elderly population.
    Dehghanbanadaki H; Soltani A; Majidi Z; Rezaei-Tavirani M; Shafiee G; Ostovar A; Bandarian F; Najjar N; Larijani B; Nabipour I; Khashayar P; Fahimfar N; Razi F · Frontiers in medicine · 2025
    Cross-sectional study1,916 participantsBone Health
  16. The impact of obesity-associated glycine deficiency on the elimination of endogenous and exogenous metabolites via the glycine conjugation pathway.
    Tan HC; Hsu JW; Tai ES; Chacko S; Kovalik JP; Jahoor F · Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024
    Cohort study42 participantsDetoxification
  17. Metabolic impact of dietary glycine supplementation in individuals with severe obesity.
    Tan HC; Hsu JW; Tai ES; Chacko S; Wu V; Yen PM; Kovalik JP; Jahoor F · Scientific reports · 2025
    Single-arm trial19 participantsDetoxification
  18. Contribution towards a Metabolite Profile of the Detoxification of Benzoic Acid through Glycine Conjugation: An Intervention Study.
    Irwin C; van Reenen M; Mason S; Mienie LJ; Westerhuis JA; Reinecke CJ · PloS one · 2017
    Non-randomized trial21 participantsDetoxification
  19. Glycine conjugation of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA): a quantitative test of liver function.
    Furuya KN; Durie PR; Roberts EA; Soldin SJ; Verjee Z; Yung-Jato L; Giesbrecht E; Ellis L · Clinical biochemistry · 1996
    Methods validation study74 participantsDetoxification
  20. The treatment of isovaleric acidemia with glycine supplement
    M Naglak, R Salvo, K Madsen, P Dembure, L Elsas · Pediatric research · 1988
    Non-randomized trial2 participantsDetoxification
  21. Oral or nasogastric maintenance therapy for diarrhoea of unknown aetiology resembling cholera.
    Nalin DR; Cash RA · Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 1971
    Clinical trialDigestive Health
  22. Prevention and treatment of infectious diarrhea. Speculations on the next 10 years.
    Edelman R · The American journal of medicine · 1985
    Narrative reviewDigestive Health
  23. Super ORS.
    Bhattacharya SK; Dutta P; Dutta D; Chakraborti MK · Indian journal of public health · 1991
    Narrative reviewDigestive Health
  24. A comparative study of glycine fortified oral rehydration solution with standard WHO oral rehydration solution.
    Antony TJ; Mohan M · Indian pediatrics · 1990
    Randomized trial50 participantsDigestive Health
  25. Rice-powder salt solution in the treatment of acute diarrhea in young children.
    Sabchareon A; Chongsuphajaisiddhi T; Kittikoon P; Chanthavanich P · The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health · 1993
    Randomized trial64 participantsDigestive Health
  26. Air-abrasive debridement with glycine powder versus manual debridement and chlorhexidine administration for the maintenance of peri-implant health status: a six-month randomized clinical trial.
    Lupi SM; Granati M; Butera A; Collesano V; Rodriguez Y Baena R · International journal of dental hygiene · 2018
    Randomized trial46 participantsGeneral Health
  27. The effects of glycine on auditory mismatch negativity in schizophrenia.
    Greenwood LM; Leung S; Michie PT; Green A; Nathan PJ; Fitzgerald P; Johnston P; Solowij N; Kulkarni J; Croft RJ · Schizophrenia research · 2018
    Randomized trial22 participantsGeneral Health
  28. Dietary glycine improves urine storage symptoms in urology outpatients.
    Sugaya K; Oh-Oka H; Yamada T; Miyata M; Ashitomi K; Kadekawa K; Nishijima S · Journal of complementary & integrative medicine · 2021
    Non-randomized trial20 participantsGeneral Health
  29. Oral supplementation with glycine reduces oxidative stress in patients with metabolic syndrome, improving their systolic blood pressure.
    Díaz-Flores M; Cruz M; Duran-Reyes G; Munguia-Miranda C; Loza-Rodríguez H; Pulido-Casas E; Torres-Ramírez N; Gaja-Rodriguez O; Kumate J; Baiza-Gutman LA; Hernández-Saavedra D · Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology · 2014
    Randomized trial60 participantsStress ReliefGeneral Health
  30. Assessment of the skin efficacy and acceptability of a cosmetic product in the treatment of the forearm hypertrichosis in female patients.
    Berardesca E; Cameli N; Piacentini M; Veraldi S; Celleno L · Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2021
    Non-randomized trial69 participantsSkin Health
  31. Antiirritant properties of polyols and amino acids.
    Korponyai C; Kovács RK; Erös G; Dikstein S; Kemény L · Dermatitis : contact, atopic, occupational, drug · 2011
    Clinical trialSkin Health
  32. The effect of glycine administration on the characteristics of physiological systems in human adults: A systematic review.
    Soh J; Raventhiran S; Lee JH; Lim ZX; Goh J; Kennedy BK; Maier AB · GeroScience · 2024
    Systematic reviewSleep Support
  33. New therapeutic strategy for amino acid medicine: glycine improves the quality of sleep.
    Bannai M; Kawai N · Journal of pharmacological sciences · 2012
    Narrative reviewSleep Support
  34. The effects of glycine on subjective daytime performance in partially sleep-restricted healthy volunteers.
    Bannai M; Kawai N; Ono K; Nakahara K; Murakami N · Frontiers in neurology · 2012
    Clinical trial7 participantsSleep Support
  35. [Augmentation of antipsychotics with glycine may ameliorate depressive and extrapyramidal symptoms in schizophrenic patients--a preliminary 10-week open-label study].
    Strzelecki D; Kropiwnicki P; Rabe-Jabłońska J · Psychiatria polska · 2014
    Single-arm trial29 participantsMood Support
  36. Markers of glutamate signaling in cerebrospinal fluid and serum from patients with bipolar disorder and healthy controls.
    Pålsson E; Jakobsson J; Södersten K; Fujita Y; Sellgren C; Ekman CJ; Ågren H; Hashimoto K; Landén M · European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2015
    Cross-sectional study327 participantsMood Support
  37. Erythrocyte glycine in depressed, hypomanic, and euthymic bipolar patients treated with lithium carbonate.
    Peselow ED; Deutsch SI; Stanley M; Banay-Schwartz M; Virgilio J; Fieve RR · Psychopharmacology · 1983
    Cross-sectional study27 participantsMood Support